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Cyperus
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== Description == They are [[Annual plant|annual]] or [[perennial plant]]s, mostly [[aquatic ecosystem|aquatic]] and growing in still or slow-moving water up to {{convert|0.5|m|in}} deep. The species vary greatly in size, with small species only {{convert|5|cm|0}} tall, while others can reach {{convert|5|m}} in height. Common names include ''papyrus sedges'', ''flatsedges'', ''nutsedges'', ''umbrella-sedges'', ''galingales'', and ''zozoro'' (from [[Malagasy language|Malagasy]]). The stems are circular in cross-section in some, triangular in others, usually leafless for most of their length, with the slender [[Poaceae|grass]]-like leaves at the base of the plant, and in a [[Whorl (botany)|whorl]] at the apex of the flowering stems. The [[flower]]s are greenish and [[Anemophily|wind-pollinated]]; they are produced in clusters among the apical leaves. The [[seed]] is a small [[Pyrena|nutlet]].<ref>{{cite book |author1=Gordon C. Tucker |author2=Brian G. Marcks |author3=J. Richard Carter |year=2003 |series=Flora of North America |editor=Flora of North Americaial Committee |volume=23 |title=Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae |pages=141–191 |chapter=''Cyperus'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 44. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 26. 1754 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |chapter-url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=109010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=C. D. Adams |year=1994 |chapter=5. ''Cyperus'' L. |volume=6 |pages=423–440 |editor=G. Davidse |editor2=M. Sousa Sánchez |editor3=A. O. Chater |title=Flora Mesoamericana |publisher=[[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]] |location=[[Mexico City]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=G. E. Schatz, S. Andriambololonera, Andrianarivelo, M. W. Callmander, Faranirina, P. P. Lowry, P. B. Phillipson, Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, Rajaonary, Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, Z. S. Rogers, C. M. Taylor & G. A. Wahlert |year=2011 |title=Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar |series=Monographs in Systematic Botany |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]]}}</ref>
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