Editing DIAC (section)

==SIDAC==
[[Image:SIDAC.gif|left|thumb|SIDAC]]
[[Image:Diacgraph.png|right|thumb|Idealized breakover diode voltage and current relationships. Once the voltage exceeds the turn-on threshold, the device turns on and the voltage rapidly falls while the current increases.]]
A '''silicon diode for alternating current''' ('''SIDAC''') is a less commonly used device, electrically similar to the DIAC, but having, in general, a higher breakover voltage and greater current handling capacity.{{cn|date=November 2022}}

The SIDAC is another member of the [[thyristor]] family. Also referred to as a '''SYDAC''' ('''silicon thyristor for alternating current'''), bi-directional thyristor breakover [[diode]], or more simply a bi-directional thyristor diode, it is technically specified as a bilateral voltage triggered switch. Its operation is similar to that of the DIAC, but a SIDAC is always a five-layer device with low-voltage drop in latched conducting state, more like a voltage triggered TRIAC without a gate. In general, SIDACs have higher breakover voltages and current handling capacities than DIACs, so they can be directly used for switching and not just for triggering of another switching device.

The operation of the SIDAC is functionally similar to that of a [[spark gap]], but is unable to reach its higher temperature ratings. The SIDAC remains nonconducting until the applied voltage meets or exceeds its rated breakover voltage. Once entering this conductive state going through the negative dynamic resistance region, the SIDAC continues to conduct, regardless of voltage, until the applied current falls below its rated holding current. At this point, the SIDAC returns to its initial nonconductive state to begin the cycle once again.

Somewhat uncommon in most [[electronics]], the SIDAC is relegated to the status of a special purpose device. However, where part-counts are to be kept low, simple [[relaxation oscillator]]s are needed, and when the voltages are too low for practical operation of a spark gap, the SIDAC is an indispensable component.

Similar devices, though usually not functionally interchangeable with SIDACs, are the [[thyristor surge protection device]] (TSPD) sold under trademarks like [[Trisil]] by [[STMicroelectronics]] and SIDACtor and its predecessor Surgector by [[Littelfuse]]. These are designed to tolerate large surge currents for the suppression of overvoltage transients. In many applications this function is now served by [[varistor|metal oxide varistors]] (MOVs), particularly for trapping voltage transients on the power mains.