Editing Data mining (section)

==Etymology==
In the 1960s, statisticians and economists used terms like ''data fishing'' or ''data dredging'' to refer to what they considered the bad practice of analyzing data without an [[A priori probability|a-priori]] hypothesis. The term "data mining" was used in a similarly critical way by economist [[Michael Lovell]] in an article published in the ''[[Review of Economic Studies]]'' in 1983.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lovell|first=Michael C.|date=1983|title=Data Mining|journal=The Review of Economics and Statistics|volume=65|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.2307/1924403|jstor=1924403}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Wojciech W. |last1=Charemza |first2=Derek F. |last2=Deadman |title=New Directions in Econometric Practice |location=Aldershot |publisher=Edward Elgar |year=1992 |chapter=Data Mining |pages=14–31 |isbn=1-85278-461-X }}</ref> Lovell indicates that the practice "masquerades under a variety of aliases, ranging from "experimentation" (positive) to "fishing" or "snooping" (negative).

The term ''data mining'' appeared around 1990 in the database community, with generally positive connotations. For a short time in 1980s, the phrase "database mining"™, was used, but since it was trademarked by HNC, a [[San Diego]]–based company, to pitch their Database Mining Workstation;<ref name="Mena">{{cite book |last=Mena |first=Jesús |year=2011 |title=Machine Learning Forensics for Law Enforcement, Security, and Intelligence |location=Boca Raton, FL |publisher=CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group) |isbn=978-1-4398-6069-4 }}</ref> researchers consequently turned to ''data mining''. Other terms used include ''data archaeology'', ''information harvesting'', ''information discovery'', ''[[knowledge extraction]]'', etc. [[Gregory Piatetsky-Shapiro]] coined the term "knowledge discovery in databases" for the first workshop on the same topic [http://www.kdnuggets.com/meetings/kdd89/ (KDD-1989)] and this term became more popular in the [[AI]] and [[machine learning]] communities. However, the term data mining became more popular in the business and press communities.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Piatetsky-Shapiro |first1=Gregory |author-link1=Gregory Piatetsky-Shapiro |last2=Parker |first2=Gary |url=http://www.kdnuggets.com/data_mining_course/x1-intro-to-data-mining-notes.html |title=Lesson: Data Mining, and Knowledge Discovery: An Introduction |publisher=KD Nuggets |year=2011 |work=Introduction to Data Mining |access-date=30 August 2012 |archive-date=30 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830035140/http://www.kdnuggets.com/data_mining_course/x1-intro-to-data-mining-notes.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Currently, the terms ''data mining'' and ''knowledge discovery'' are used interchangeably.