Editing Demodicosis (section)

==Signs and symptoms==
===Humans===
[[File:Demodicosis.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|A 28-year-old man with demodicosis and electron micrograph of his skin showing a ''Demodex folliculorum'', {{Circa|0.33}} millimeters in length<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.5772/61850 |isbn=978-953-51-2252-4 |chapter=Observation of Fungi, Bacteria, and Parasites in Clinical Skin Samples Using Scanning Electron Microscopy |author=Ran Yuping |title=Modern Electron Microscopy in Physical and Life Sciences |editor=Janecek, Milos |editor2=Kral, Robert |publisher=InTech |year=2016|s2cid=53472683 }}</ref><!-- This is content from a predatory publisher (intechopen.com); recommend finding an alternative source for a comparable image, but I hesitate to remove the image at this time. -->]]

Demodicosis in [[human]]s is usually caused by ''[[Demodex folliculorum]]'' and may have a [[rosacea]]-like appearance.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=3–6 |doi=10.1080/000155502753600795 |doi-access=free|title=Demodicidosis Revisited |year=2002 |last1=Baima |first1=B. |last2=Sticherling |first2=M. |journal=Acta Dermato-Venereologica |volume=82 |pmid=12013194 |issue=1}}</ref><ref name=pmid19231642>{{cite journal |pages=453–62 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.058 |title=Demodicosis: A clinicopathological study |year=2009 |last1=Hsu |first1=Chao-Kai |last2=Hsu |first2=Mark Ming-Long |last3=Lee |first3=Julia Yu-Yun |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=60 |issue=3 |pmid=19231642}}</ref>  Common symptoms include [[Hair loss#Infection|hair loss]], itching, and [[inflammation]]. An association with [[pityriasis]] folliculorum has also been described.<ref name=pmid19231642/>

Demodicosis is most often seen in folliculitis (inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin). Depending on the location, it may result in small pustules (pimples) at the base of a hair shaft on inflamed, congested skin. Demodicosis may also cause itching, swelling, and [[erythema]] of the eyelid margins. Scales at the base of the eyelashes may develop. Typically, patients complain of eyestrain.

===Dogs===
{{main|Canine demodicosis}}
[[Image:Demodex mite 1.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|''[[Demodex canis]]'']]
Minor cases of demodectic mange usually do not cause much itching but might cause pustules, redness, scaling, leathery skin, hair loss, skin that is warm to the touch, or any combination of these. It most commonly appears first on the face, around the eyes, or at the corners of the mouth, and on the forelimbs and paws. It may be misdiagnosed as a "hot spot" or other skin ailment.

In the more severe form, hair loss can occur in patches all over the body and might be accompanied by crusting, pain, enlarged lymph nodes, and deep skin infections.

Typically, animals become infected through nursing from their mother. The transmission of these mites from mother to pup is ''normal'' (which is why the mites are normal inhabitants of the dog's skin), but some individuals are sensitive to the mites due to a cellular immune deficiency, underlying disease, stress, or malnutrition,<ref name="CAPC">[http://www.capcvet.org/recommendations/demodex.html Ectoparasites - Demodex (Mange Mite)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007024936/http://www.capcvet.org/recommendations/demodex.html |date=2011-10-07 }} Companion Animal Parasite Control (March 2013).</ref> which can lead to the development of clinical demodectic mange.

Some breeds appear to have an increased risk of mild cases as young dogs, including the [[Afghan Hound]], [[American Staffordshire Terrier]], [[Boston terrier|Boston Terrier]], [[Boxer (dog)|Boxer]], [[Chihuahua (dog)|Chihuahua]], [[chow chow|Chow Chow]], [[shar pei|Shar-Pei]], [[Collie]], [[Dalmatian (dog)|Dalmatian]], [[Dobermann|Doberman Pinscher]], [[Bulldog]], [[French bulldog|French Bulldog]], [[English bull terrier|English Bull Terrier]], [[miniature bull terrier|Miniature Bull Terrier]], [[German Shepherd Dog|German Shepherd]], [[great dane|Great Dane]], [[Old English sheepdog|Old English Sheepdog]], [[American Pit Bull Terrier]], [[West Highland white terrier|West Highland White Terrier]], [[rat terrier|Rat Terrier]], [[Yorkshire terrier|Yorkshire Terrier]], [[Dachshund]], and [[Pug]].

===Cats===
There are two types of demodectic mange in cats. ''Demodex cati'' causes follicular mange, similar to that seen in dogs, though it is much less common. ''Demodex gatoi'' is a more superficial form of mange, causes an itchy skin condition, and is contagious amongst cats.

===Other===
Demodectic mange also occurs in other domestic and wild animals, including captive pandas.