Editing Demographics of Quebec (section)

==Vital statistics==
{{update section|date=January 2023}}
While Quebec's [[fertility rate]] is higher than the Canadian average, it has been sharply decreasing in the past 15 years. At 1.38 children per woman in 2008,<ref name="stat.gouv.qc.ca">{{Cite web |title=Québec demographic overview for 2023: sharp decline in fertility, life expectancy stays at pre-pandemic level |url=https://statistique.quebec.ca/en/communique/quebec-population-report-2023-sharp-decline-fertility-life-expectancy-pre-pandemic-level |url-status=live |access-date=2025-02-25}}</ref> it is above the Canada-wide rate of 1.26, and is just above the historic low of 1.36 in 1987.<ref name="stat.gouv.qc.ca"/>  This contrasts with its fertility rates before 1960, which were among the highest of any industrialized society. For example, between 1951 and 1961, the population grew nearly 30% with only small net migration (large number of international migrants had settled in Quebec in the preceding period but large numbers of Quebec residents had emigrated to other provinces as well as New England), a natural growth rate matched today only by some African countries.

Although Quebec is home to only 22.0% of the population of Canada, the number of international adoptions in Quebec is the highest of all provinces of Canada. In 2001, 42% of international adoptions in Canada were carried out in Quebec.

'''Population growth rate''': 2.5% (2023)

'''Birth rate''': 8.8‰ (2023)

'''Synthetic fertility index''': 1.38 (2023)

'''Death rate''': 7.0‰ (2023)

'''Permanent immigration rate''': 6.0‰ (2003)

'''Infant mortality rate''': 0.46% (2023)

'''Life expectancy''': In 2002, life expectancy was 80.7 years for males and 84.1 years for females.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le bilan démographique du Québec. Édition 2024 |url=https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/fichier/bilan-demographique-quebec-edition-2024.pdf |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240508131928/https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/fichier/bilan-demographique-quebec-edition-2024.pdf |archive-date=2024-05-08 |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=statistique.quebec.ca |language=fr}}</ref>

'''Urbanisation''': In 2001, 80.4% of Quebecers lived in urban areas.

Marriages: In 2019, 22,250 [[marriage]]s were celebrated, about 600 less than in 2017 and 2018. These numbers illustrate a continuing trend where marriages are becoming less numerous; in 1970, the number of marriages hit a peak with more than 50,000 celebrations and the number has been slowly decreasing ever since. The average age for marriage is now 33.5 for men and 32.1 for women, an increase of 8.0 and 8.5 years respectively since 1970. 72% of marriages occur on a Saturday. Half of all marriages unite a man and woman with an age gap of 3 years or less. Though they are still uncommon, [[civil unions]] are becoming more and more popular.<ref name=":42">{{cite web |title=Bilan demographique du Québec |edition=2020 |language=fr |url=https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/fichier/bilan-demographique-du-quebec-edition-2020.pdf |publisher=Institut de la statistique du Québec |access-date=August 14, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209220654/https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/fichier/bilan-demographique-du-quebec-edition-2020.pdf |archive-date=2020-12-09}}</ref>

Demographic growth: In 2019, Quebec registered the highest rate of population growth since 1972 (when quality data began to be recorded), with an increase of 110,000 people, mostly because of the arrival of a high number of [[Permanent residency|non-permanent residents]]. The number of non-permanent residents has recently sky-rocketed from a little over 100,000 in 2014 to 260,000 in 2019. Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. United States, France, Germany, etc.) because of the federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. This can be attributed to international [[immigration]] as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. As of 2019, most international immigrants come from China, India or France.<ref name=":42" />

Education and work: In 2016, 3 out of 10 people in Quebec possessed a [[postsecondary]] degree or diploma. While women were more likely to have a university degree (33% vs 26%) or college degree (21% vs 11%), men were more numerous in having received [[vocational training]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Niveau de scolarité et domaine d'études en 2016 selon le sexe, le groupe d'âge et la région administrative |url=https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/document/niveau-de-scolarite-et-domaine-detudes-en-2016-selon-le-sexe-le-groupe-dage-et-la-region-administrative |publisher=Institut de la statistique du Québec |language=fr |access-date=August 14, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050245/https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/document/niveau-de-scolarite-et-domaine-detudes-en-2016-selon-le-sexe-le-groupe-dage-et-la-region-administrative |archive-date=2021-03-02}}</ref> In Quebec, couples where both parents work are far more likely to have children than couples where only one parent works or none of them do.<ref>{{cite web |title=Couples selon le type de revenu et la présence d'enfant, 1976-2020, Québec, Ontario et Canada |url=https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/document/responsabilites-familiales-et-travail/tableau/couples-selon-le-type-de-revenu-et-la-presence-denfant-quebec-ontario-et-canada#tri_regn=17637 |publisher=Institut de la statistique du Québec |language=fr |access-date=August 14, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227011451/https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/document/responsabilites-familiales-et-travail/tableau/couples-selon-le-type-de-revenu-et-la-presence-denfant-quebec-ontario-et-canada |archive-date=2021-02-27}}</ref>

Households: In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. The vast majority of couples with or without children are [[property owner]]s. Most one-person households, however, are [[renter]]s. Single-parent homes are equally divided between being property owners or renters. From 1996 to 2016, the number of people per household has decreased from an average of 2.5 to 2.25. In 2016, the vast majority of low income households were one-person households. In 2016, 80% of both property owners and renters considered their housing to be "unaffordable".<ref name="habitation"/>