Editing Depressive realism (section)

==Evidence for==
When participants were asked to press a button and rate the control they perceived they had over whether or not a light turned on, depressed individuals made more accurate ratings of control than non-depressed individuals.<ref name=AlloyAbramson1979/> Among participants asked to complete a task and rate their performance without any feedback, depressed individuals made more accurate self-ratings than non-depressed individuals.<ref>{{citation |author=Alloy, L.B. |author2=Abramson, L.Y. |author3=Kossman, D.A. |year=1985 |chapter=The judgment of predictability in depressed and nondepressed college students |title=Affect, conditioning, and cognition: Essays on the determinants of behavior |editor=Brush, F.R. |editor2=Overmeir, J.B. |location=Hillsdale, NJ |publisher=Erlbaum |pages=229–246}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Alloy, L.B. |author2=Abramson, L.Y. |author3=Viscusi, D. |s2cid=54890341 |year=1981 |title=Induced mood and the illusion of control |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=41 |issue=6 |pages=1129–1140 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.41.6.1129}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Musson, R.F. |author2=Alloy, L.B. |year=1989 |title=Depression, self-consciousness, and judgments of control: A test of the self-focused attention hypothesis |journal=Unpublished}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Vasquez, C.V. |year=1987 |title=Judgment of contingency: Cognitive biases in depressed and nondepressed subjects |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=419–431 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.52.2.419|pmid=3559899 }}</ref>  For participants asked to complete a series of tasks, given feedback on their performance after each task, and who self-rated their overall performance after completing all the tasks, depressed individuals were again more likely to give an accurate self-rating than non-depressed individuals.<ref name=DeMonbreun1977/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Dennard, D.O. |author2=Hokanson, J.E. |year=1986 |title=Performance on two cognitive tasks by dysphoric and nondysphoric students |journal=Cognitive Therapy and Research |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=377–386 |doi=10.1007/bf01173473|s2cid=40508547 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Gotlib, I.H.  |year=1983 |title=Perception and recall of interpersonal feedback: Negative bias in depression |journal=Cognitive Therapy and Research |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=399–412 |doi=10.1007/bf01187168|s2cid=24017766 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Lobitz, W.C. |author2=Post, R.D. |year=1979 |title=Parameters of self-reinforcement and depression |journal=Journal of Abnormal Psychology |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=33–41 |doi=10.1037/0021-843x.88.1.33|pmid=422802 }}</ref><ref name=Nelson1977>{{cite journal |author=Nelson, R.E. |author2=Craighead, W.E. |year=1977 |title=Selective recall of positive and negative feedback, self-control behaviors and depression |journal=Journal of Abnormal Psychology |volume=86 |issue=4 |pages=379–388 |doi=10.1037/0021-843x.86.4.379|pmid=903490 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Rozensky, R.H. |author2=Rehm, L.P. |author3=Pry, G. |author4=Roth, D.  |year=1977 |title=Depression and self-reinforcement behavior in hospitalized patients |journal=Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry |volume=8 |pages=35–38 |doi=10.1016/0005-7916(77)90102-1}}</ref> When asked to evaluate their performance both immediately and some time after completing a task, depressed individuals made accurate appraisals both immediately before and after time had passed.<ref>{{citation |author=Wenzlaff, R.M. |author2=Berman, J. S. |date=August 1985 |title=Judgmental accuracy in depression |series=The Meeting of the American Psychological Association |place=Los Angeles}}</ref>

In a [[functional magnetic resonance imaging]] study of the brain, depressed patients were shown to be more accurate in their causal attributions of positive and negative social events than non-depressed participants, who demonstrated a positive bias.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Seidel|first1=Eva-Maria|last2=Satterthwaite|first2=Theodore D.|last3=Eickhoff|first3=Simon B.|last4=Schneider|first4=Frank|last5=Gur|first5=Ruben C.|last6=Wolf|first6=Daniel H.|last7=Habel|first7=Ute|last8=Derntl|first8=Birgit|title=Neural correlates of depressive realism — An fMRI study on causal attribution in depression|journal=Journal of Affective Disorders|date=2012|volume=138|issue=3|pages=268–276|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.041|pmid=22377511|pmc=3565123}}</ref> This difference was also reflected in the differential activation of the fronto-temporal network, higher activation for non self-serving attributions in non-depressed participants and for self-serving attributions in depressed patients, and reduced coupling of the dorsomedial [[prefrontal cortex]] seed region and the [[Limbic system|limbic]] areas when depressed patients made self-serving attributions.