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==History== The company was founded by film director [[James Cameron]], [[Stan Winston]] and [[Scott Ross (film executive)|Scott Ross]] in 1993. They began producing visual effects and animation in 1993 with its first three films, ''[[True Lies]]'', ''[[Interview with the Vampire (film)|Interview with the Vampire]]'', and ''[[Color of Night]]'', being released in 1994. [[File:ASW Fake FA37 2.jpg|thumb|230px|From the film ''[[Stealth (film)|Stealth]]'': the fictional [[F/A-37 Talon]] aboard the {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72|6}}.]] === Early 2000s === In October 2002, Digital Domain launched a wholly owned subsidiary, D2 Software, Inc., to market and distribute its [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]]-winning compositing software, [[Nuke (software)|''Nuke'']].<ref>{{cite web|title=Digital Domain launches D2 Software, Inc.|date=9 October 2002 |url=http://www.fxguide.com/featured/Digital_Domain_Launches_D2_Software_Inc/|publisher=FX Guide|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref> In 2002–2003, Digital Domain co-produced its first feature film, ''[[Secondhand Lions]]'', written and directed by [[Tim McCanlies]] and starring [[Michael Caine]], [[Robert Duvall]], [[Haley Joel Osment]], and [[Kyra Sedgwick]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Expanding Horizons for Digital Domain and Stan Winston|url=http://www.awn.com/articles/expanding-horizons-digital-domain-and-stan-winston|publisher=Animation World Network|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Secondhand Lions|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0327137/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm#cast|publisher=IMDb.com|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref> The founders were known for feuding, principally due to internal conflicts over the film ''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]''.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} Founder Scott Ross announced plans to raise $100 million in financing to become more active as a production company.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sinking Ship | work=Forbes | url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2005/1114/161.html | date=14 November 2005 | first=Seth | last=Lubove}}</ref> This plan never materialized, forcing management to seek a buyer of the company. === 2006–present === In May 2006, Digital Domain was purchased by an affiliate of Wyndcrest Holdings, LLC, a private holding company. Wyndcrest's principals then included founder [[John Textor]], director [[Michael Bay]], former Microsoft executive Carl Stork and former NFL player and sports television commentator [[Dan Marino]].<ref name="Three Exex">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgw.com/Press-Center/News/2006/Digital-Domain-Hires-Three-Creative-Senior-Execu.aspx|title=Digital Domain Hires Three Creative Senior Executives from Visual Effects Industry|date=2006-09-21|publisher=Computer Graphics World|access-date=2011-05-30}}</ref> The buyers purchased the company for an estimated $35 million. Textor and Bay would become co-chairman of Digital Domain and Stork was named CEO. In 2007, Wyndcrest also acquired [[The Foundry Visionmongers|The Foundry]] which was tasked with taking over the development of ''Nuke''. The Foundry was subject to a management buy-out in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/94359572-4fcc-11de-a692-00144feabdc0.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210221232/https://www.ft.com/content/94359572-4fcc-11de-a692-00144feabdc0|archive-date=December 10, 2022|url-access=subscription|title=The Foundry returns to former management|last=Palmer|first=Maija|date=June 3, 2009|access-date=October 3, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, Digital Domain Media Group entered into the film production business with a major investment into the feature film ''[[Ender's Game (film)|Ender's Game]]'', which was a co-production with [[OddLot Entertainment]] and [[Summit Entertainment]]. The film was released November 1, 2013.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cieply|first=Michael|title=A Movie Mogul Rising (Jan. 14, 2013)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/15/business/media/enders-game-is-a-bet-for-gigi-pritzkers-oddlot-entertainment.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|work=The New York Times|access-date=25 May 2013|date=January 14, 2013}}</ref> In November 2011, DDMG took the company public through an [[initial public offering]] (IPO), and the company was listed on the NYSE under the symbol DDMG, achieving a market valuation of more than $400 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasdaq.com/markets/ipos/company/digital-domain-media-group-inc-828382-67152 |title=Digital Domain Media Group IPO|date=October 23, 2012|access-date=October 23, 2012}}</ref> In 2012, subsidiary Digital Domain created a virtual likeness of the late rap star [[Tupac Shakur]] for [[Dr. Dre]]'s and [[Snoop Dogg]]'s show at the [[Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival]]. The performance earned Textor's studio the Titanium Award at the 59th annual [[Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Richard Verrier |date=2012-06-25 |title='Virtual 2Pac' image wins award for Digital Domain |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-xpm-2012-jun-25-la-et-ct-digital-domain-tupac-20120625-story.html |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Kaitlyn Tiffany |date=2018-10-23 |title=No industry is weirder than the dead celebrity hologram industry |url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2018/10/23/18010274/amy-winehouse-hologram-tour-controversy-technology |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=vox.com |publisher=Vox}}</ref> Digital Domain also announced that the company would go on create virtual Elvis Presley in partnership with [[CORE Media Group]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-04-16/how-tupac-became-a-hologram-plus-is-elvis-next|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419122904/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-04-16/how-tupac-became-a-hologram-plus-is-elvis-next|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 19, 2012|title=How Tupac Became a Hologram: Is Elvis Next|date=April 16, 2012|first=Claire|last=Suddath|access-date=April 16, 2012}}</ref> In 2015, the [[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC]] hired Digital Domain to create a commercial series for their [[UFC 189]] event.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mmajunkie.com/2015/05/dana-white-wants-jose-aldo-vs-conor-mcgregor-to-be-everything-mayweather-vs-pacquiao-was-not|title=Dana White wants Aldo-McGregor to be 'everything Mayweather-Pacquiao was not'|date=May 22, 2015|first=Mike|last=Bohn|access-date=May 25, 2015}}</ref> In 2016, [[the Pokémon Company]] hired Digital Domain to create the visual effects for their "Train On" Super Bowl ad, released to celebrate the Pokémon series' 20th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/PLDHnet/status/694748819418796032|title=Twitter|date=February 2, 2016|access-date=February 2, 2016}}</ref> In 2017, Voltron Chronicles, a VR game Digital Domain co-developed with Universal based on Netflix's Voltron Legendary Defender, went live. Fans can play this game on PSVR, Oculus Rift and HTC Vive for $15.<ref>{{cite web|title=There's a VR game to go with Netflix's new 'Voltron' series|date=30 August 2017 |url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/08/30/theres-a-vr-game-to-go-with-netflixs-new-voltron-series/|access-date=November 29, 2017}}</ref> In 2018, Digital Domain celebrated its 25th anniversary while announcing the opening of its second Canadian studio in Montreal, Quebec.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Caranicas |first=Peter |date=2018-12-15 |title=Visual Effects Studio Digital Domain to Open New Location Studio in Montreal |url=https://variety.com/2018/artisans/news/avengers-infinity-war-visual-effects-studio-digital-domain-to-open-new-location-studio-in-montreal-1203090490/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2019, Digital Domain Head of Software and virtual avatar DigiDoug presented a talk during TED2019 as the first digital human to give a [[TED (conference)|TED Talk]] in real-time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Domain |first=Digital |title=First Digital Human Gives Ted Talk In Real Time |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/first-digital-human-gives-ted-talk-in-real-time-300848500.html |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref> In 2020, Digital Domain introduced Masquerade 2.0, the next iteration of its in-house facial capture system, rebuilt from the ground up to bring feature film-quality characters to next-gen games, episodics and commercials.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Domain Introduces Masquerade 2.0 Facial Capture System |url=https://www.awn.com/news/digital-domain-introduces-masquerade-20-facial-capture-system |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Animation World Network |language=en}}</ref> Masquerade 2.0 uses the same tech that was utilized to create Thanos in Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame. The development allows the technology to be applied to smaller projects, bringing the full depth and emotion of an actor’s performance to any screen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-03 |title=Masquerade Offline Capture {{!}} Technology {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/technology/masquerade-offline-capture/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2021, Digital Domain utilized its new proprietary face-swapping tool, Charlatan, to create a realistic hologram/digital human combination of Vince Lombardi for Super Bowl LV.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller2021-02-08T14:48:00+00:00 |first=Max |title=How the NFL created a digital Vince Lombardi for Superbowl LV |url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/production/how-the-nfl-created-a-digital-vince-lombardi-for-superbowl-lv/5156926.article |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Broadcast |language=en}}</ref> In 2022, Digital Domain announced “Zoey,” the world’s most advanced autonomous virtual human.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-06 |title=Digital Domain Gives a Face to AI with ‘Zoey,’ the Most Advanced Autonomous Human Ever Created {{!}} {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/news/digital-domain-gives-a-face-to-ai-with-zoey-the-most-advanced-autonomous-human-ever-created/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Powered by machine learning and created using an advanced version of the technology and process that helped bring Thanos to the big screen, the photorealistic Zoey can engage in conversations with multiple participants at once, remember people, access the internet to answer questions and more, paving the way for the next step in the evolution of AI. ===Digital Humans Group=== The company has a sub-division known as New Media Group, which is currently led by Hanno Basse, the Chief Technology Officer. This sub-division provides machine learning-based scanning and digitization services to create immersive experiences for any screen. The process involves two programs called Masquerade and Direct Drive, which use high-resolution scans and motion capture technology. The data generated by these programs can be mapped and animated to create compelling visual experiences.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-12 |title=Digital Humans Lab {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/digital-humans-lab/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |language=en-US}}</ref>
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