Editing Duke University (section)

== History ==

=== Beginnings ===
{{Main|History of Duke University}}

[[File:Wdukebuild.jpg|thumb|Early 20th-century black-and-white photo.]]
Duke first opened in 1838 as Brown's Schoolhouse, a private [[subscription school]] founded in [[Randolph County, North Carolina]], in the present-day town of [[Trinity, North Carolina|Trinity]].<ref name="chronology">{{cite web|url=http://library.duke.edu/uarchives/history/chronology.html|title=A Chronology of Significant Events in Duke University's History|publisher=Duke University Archives|access-date=May 23, 2011|archive-date=March 8, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308092943/http://library.duke.edu/uarchives/history/chronology.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Organized by the Union Institute Society, a group of [[Methodist]]s and [[Quaker]]s, Brown's Schoolhouse became the Union Institute Academy in 1841 when North Carolina issued a charter. The academy was renamed Normal College in 1851, and then Trinity College in 1859 because of support from the [[Methodist Episcopal Church|Methodist Church]].<ref name="chronology" /> In 1892, Trinity College moved to [[Durham, North Carolina|Durham]], largely due to the generosity of [[Julian Carr (industrialist)|Julian S. Carr]] and [[Washington Duke]], powerful and respected Methodists who had grown wealthy through the tobacco and electrical industries.<ref name="king" /> Carr donated land in 1892 for the original Durham campus, which is now known as [[Duke University East Campus|East Campus]]. At the same time, Washington Duke gave the school $85,000 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|85000|1892|r=-4}}}} adjusted for inflation) for an initial endowment and construction costs—later augmenting his generosity with three separate $100,000 contributions in 1896, 1899, and 1900—with the stipulation that the college "open its doors to women, placing them on an equal footing with men."<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/dukemag/issues/111206/depret.html |last=Pyatt |first=Tim |date=November–December 2006 |title=Retrospective: Selections from University Archives |journal=Duke Magazine|publisher=Duke Office of Alumni Affairs |volume=92 |issue=6 |access-date=May 23, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515204431/http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/dukemag/issues/111206/depret.html |archive-date=May 15, 2011}}</ref> Duke would accelerate its mission to become a global university in 1910 with the promotion of [[William Preston Few]] as the new president of Trinity College, who sought to establish the university as a southern counterpart to [[Yale University|Yale]] and [[Harvard University|Harvard]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of The Congregation At Duke University Chapel |url=https://congregation.chapel.duke.edu/history |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=The Congregation at Duke University Chapel}}</ref>

In 1924, Washington Duke's son, [[James B. Duke]], established [[The Duke Endowment]] with a $40 million trust fund. Income from the fund was to be distributed to hospitals, orphanages, the Methodist Church, and four colleges (including Trinity College). Few, who remained president of Trinity, insisted that the institution be renamed Duke University to honor the family's generosity and to distinguish it from the myriad other colleges and universities carrying the "Trinity" name. At first, James B. Duke thought the name change would come off as self-serving, but eventually, he accepted Few's proposal as a memorial to his father.<ref name="king" /> Money from the endowment allowed the university to grow quickly. Duke's original campus, East Campus, was rebuilt from 1925 to 1927 with [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]]-style buildings. By 1930, the majority of the [[Collegiate Gothic in North America|Collegiate Gothic]]-style buildings on the campus one mile (1.6&nbsp;km) west were completed, and construction on [[Duke University West Campus|West Campus]] culminated with the completion of Duke Chapel in 1935.<ref name="chapel">[http://www.chapel.duke.edu/history.html Duke University Chapel – History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120502222622/http://www.chapel.duke.edu/history.html |date=May 2, 2012}}. Friends of Duke Chapel. Retrieved July 5, 2011.
</ref> [[File:James Buchanan Duke statue at Duke University (retouched).jpg|left|thumb|alt=Statue of James B. Duke in foreground with Duke Chapel behind|[[James Buchanan Duke|James B. Duke]] established the Duke Endowment, which provides funds to numerous institutions, including Duke University.]]

In 1878, Trinity (in Randolph County) awarded [[Bachelor of Arts|A.B.]] degrees to three sisters—Mary, Persis, and Theresa Giles—who had studied both with private tutors and in classes with men. With the relocation of the college in 1892, the board of trustees voted to again allow women to be formally admitted to classes as day students. At the time of Washington Duke's donation in 1896, which carried the requirement that women be placed "on an equal footing with men" at the college, four women were enrolled; three of the four were faculty members' children. In 1903 Washington Duke wrote to the board of trustees withdrawing the provision, noting that it had been the only limitation he had ever put on a donation to the college. A woman's residential dormitory was built in 1897 and named the Mary Duke Building, after Washington Duke's daughter. By 1904, 54 women were enrolled in the college. In 1930, the Woman's College was established as a coordinate to the men's undergraduate college, which had been established and named Trinity College in 1924.<ref name="WashingtonDukeWomen">{{cite web |last=King |first=William E. |date=1997 |title=Washington Duke and the Education of Women |url=http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/uarchives/history/articles/washington-duke-women |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403002045/http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/uarchives/history/articles/washington-duke-women |archive-date=April 3, 2015 |access-date=March 24, 2015 |website=University Archives |publisher=David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library}}</ref>

According to Duke University Human Rights Center, the school's "policy in the 1920s [[school segregation in the United States|excluded blacks from admissions]] and also [[racial segregation in the United States|restricted blacks from using certain campus facilities]] such as the dining halls and dorm housing&nbsp;... In 1948, a group of divinity school students petitioned the divinity school to desegregate – the first concerted effort to push for the desegregation of Duke's admission policy."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Twu |first1=Marianne |title=Slavery and Segregation |url=https://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |website=humanrights.fhi.duke.edu |publisher=Duke University |access-date=February 11, 2022 |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521131008/https://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Expansion and growth ===
[[Engineering]], which had been taught at Duke since 1903, became a [[Pratt School of Engineering|separate school]] in 1939. The university president's official residence, the [[J. Deryl Hart House]], was completed in 1934. In athletics, Duke hosted and competed in the first [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]] ever played outside California in [[Wallace Wade Stadium]] in 1942; the second such game was played in [[Arlington, Texas]], in 2021, moved as a result of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name="chronology"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Witz |first1=Billy |title=In Pasadena, Moving the Rose Bowl Makes For Unusual Rancor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/01/sports/ncaafootball/rose-bowl-move-pasadena.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/01/sports/ncaafootball/rose-bowl-move-pasadena.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021 |url-access=limited |access-date=May 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 1, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> During World War II, Duke was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] which offered students a path to a navy commission.<ref name="duke-v-12">{{cite web|url=http://archives.mc.duke.edu/taxonomy/term/794 |title=Navy V-12 Program |publisher=[[Durham, North Carolina]]: Duke University |access-date=September 28, 2011 |year=2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305105215/http://archives.mc.duke.edu/taxonomy/term/794 |archive-date=March 5, 2011}}</ref> In 1963 the Board of Trustees officially [[school integration in the United States|desegregated]] the undergraduate college.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |title=Slavery and Segregation |publisher=Duke Human Rights Center |first=Marianne |last=Twu |date=2010 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |archive-date=October 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010055856/http://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Duke enrolled its first black graduate students in 1961.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spotlight.duke.edu/50years/|title=Celebrating the Past, Charting the Future: Commemorating 50 Years of Black Students at Duke University|language=en-US|access-date=July 27, 2019|archive-date=July 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727181311/https://spotlight.duke.edu/50years/|url-status=live}}</ref> The school did not admit Black undergraduates until September 1963. The teaching staff remained all-White until 1966.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Road to Desegregation |url=http://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/desegregation/intro/progress |publisher=Duke University |access-date=January 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212171348/http://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/desegregation/intro/progress |archive-date=February 12, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Increased activism on campus during the 1960s prompted [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] to speak at the university in November 1964 on the progress of the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mlk.duke.edu/king-at-duke/|title=King at Duke: King's 1964 speech at Duke (Audio)|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref> Following [[Douglas Knight]]'s resignation from the office of university president, [[Terry Sanford]], the former governor of North Carolina, was elected president of the university in 1969, propelling The [[Fuqua School of Business]]' opening, the William R. Perkins library completion, and the founding of the [[Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy|Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs]] (now the Sanford School of Public Policy).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2005/01/knight_0105.html|title=Douglas M. Knight, Fifth Duke President, Dies at 83|date=January 23, 2005|website=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/11/archives/sanford-a-politician-on-the-campus.html|title=Sanford: A Politician on the Campus|date=October 11, 1970|last=Nordheimer|first=Jon|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref> The separate Woman's College merged back with Trinity as the liberal arts college for both men and women in 1972.

Beginning in the 1970s, Duke administrators began a long-term effort to strengthen Duke's reputation both nationally and internationally. Interdisciplinary work was emphasized, as was recruiting minority faculty and students. During this time it also became the birthplace of the first Physician Assistant degree program in the United States.<ref>
[http://www.duke.edu/web/annualreport/interdisc.htm Duke Annual Report 2000/2001-Interdisciplinary] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120724132147/http://www.duke.edu/web/annualreport/interdisc.htm |date=July 24, 2012}}. ''Duke University Annual Report'', 2001. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref><ref>Rogalski, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060908075417/http://www.inside.duke.edu/article.php?IssueID=140&ParentID=12502 Breaking the Barrier: A History of African-Americans at Duke University School of Medicine]. ''Inside DUMC'', February 20, 2006. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref><ref>Mock, Geoffrey. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050918120723/http://www.dukenews.duke.edu/2002/11/blackfaculty1102.html Duke's Black Faculty Initiative Reaches Goal Early]. ''Duke University Office of News and Communication'', November 21, 2002. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref> [[Duke University Medical Center|Duke University Hospital]] was finished in 1980 and the student union building was fully constructed two years later. In 1986 the men's soccer team captured Duke's first [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] (NCAA) championship, and the men's basketball team followed shortly thereafter with championships in [[1991 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|1991]] and [[1992 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|1992]], then again in [[2001 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2001]], [[2010 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2010]], and [[2015 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2015]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://goduke.com/news/2020/12/13/mens-soccer-on-this-date-duke-captures-1986-ncaa-title|title=On This Date: Duke Captures 1986 NCAA Title|date=December 13, 2020|publisher=[[Duke Blue Devils]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2012/03/backtoback|title=Back to Back: Documentary Tells the Story of the '91-'92 NCAA Men's Basketball Championships|date=March 7, 2012|website=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2025/03/duke-mens-basketball-blast-from-the-past-2001-national-championship-krzyzewski-battier-williams-dunleavy-boozer//|title=Blast from the past: Duke men's basketball defeats Arizona to claim third national championship|last=Curtis|first=Ben|date=March 25, 2025|publisher=[[Duke Chronicle]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/sports/ncaabasketball/06ncaa.html|title=Duke Holds Off Butler to Win 4th N.C.A.A. Title|last=Thamel|first=Pete|date=April 6, 2010|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/college/2015/04/07/national-championship-duke-blue-devils-wisconsin-badgers|title=Duke wins national championship, beating Wisconsin in title game|last=Keith|first=Ted|date=April 6, 2015|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref>

Duke Forward, a seven-year fundraising campaign, raised $3.85 billion by August 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2017/08/duke-campaign-raises-385-billion-empower-service-society|work=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|title=Duke Campaign Raises $3.85 Billion to Empower Service to Society|date=August 9, 2017|access-date=November 12, 2018|archive-date=April 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410121342/https://today.duke.edu/2017/08/duke-campaign-raises-385-billion-empower-service-society|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Recent history ===

[[File:LevineScienceResearchCtr.jpg|thumb|alt=Photo of Levine Science Research Center on campus of Duke University|The [[Levine Science Research Center]] is the largest single-site interdisciplinary research facility of any American university.<ref>
[https://www.admissions.duke.edu/jump/academics/onlyatduke_centers.html Academic, Cultural and Research Centers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304222144/https://www.admissions.duke.edu/jump/academics/onlyatduke_centers.html |date=March 4, 2011}}. ''Duke University Admissions.'' Retrieved April 3, 2011.
</ref>]]

In 2014, Duke removed the name of [[Charles Brantley Aycock|Charles B. Aycock]], a white-supremacist [[governor of North Carolina]], from an undergraduate dormitory.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/06/17/this-duke-dorm-is-no-longer-named-after-a-white-supremacist-former-governor/?noredirect=on|title=This Duke dorm is no longer named after a white supremacist former governor|last=Phillip|first=Abby|date=June 17, 2014|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=January 27, 2019|archive-date=May 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521233245/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/06/17/this-duke-dorm-is-no-longer-named-after-a-white-supremacist-former-governor/?noredirect=on|url-status=live}}</ref> It is now known as the East Residence Hall.

On August 19, 2017, following the violent clashes at the [[Unite the Right rally]] in [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], the statue of Confederate Gen. [[Robert E. Lee]] was removed from the entrance to Duke University Chapel, after having been vandalized by protesters.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/19/544678037/duke-university-removes-robert-e-lee-statue-from-chapel-entrance|title=Duke University Removes Robert E. Lee Statue From Chapel Entrance|publisher=NPR|access-date=August 24, 2017|language=en|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415075640/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/19/544678037/duke-university-removes-robert-e-lee-statue-from-chapel-entrance|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-protests-duke-idUSKCN1AZ0I9|title=Duke University removes contentious Confederate statue after vandalism|date=August 19, 2017|work=Reuters|access-date=August 24, 2017|archive-date=August 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823151039/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-protests-duke-idUSKCN1AZ0I9|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/67e26214bdc546acbfdb60a9f787c1a2|title=Duke University removes damaged Robert E. Lee statue|work=Associated Press News|date=August 19, 2017|first=Jonathan|last=Drew|access-date=September 25, 2020|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415081240/https://apnews.com/article/67e26214bdc546acbfdb60a9f787c1a2|url-status=live}}</ref>

In August 2020, the first undergraduates from [[Duke Kunshan University]] arrived for their study abroad on Duke's campus. Due to COVID-19, Chinese Duke undergraduate and graduate students unable to travel to the United States were reciprocally hosted at Duke Kunshan campus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Class of 2024 international students who face travel restrictions can spend Fall semester at DKU|url=https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2020/04/duke-university-class-2024-international-students-travel-restrictions-fall-dku|access-date=September 16, 2020|website=The Chronicle|archive-date=September 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916185156/https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2020/04/duke-university-class-2024-international-students-travel-restrictions-fall-dku|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Controversies====
In 2006, three men's lacrosse team members were [[2006 Duke University lacrosse case|falsely accused of rape]],<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=North Carolina: Woman in Duke case guilty in killing |newspaper=The New York Times |date=November 22, 2013 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/23/us/north-carolina-woman-in-duke-case-guilty-in-killing.html |access-date=March 9, 2019 |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415201624/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/23/us/north-carolina-woman-in-duke-case-guilty-in-killing.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Jen |last=Yamato |title=The stripper who cried 'rape': Revisiting the Duke lacrosse case ten years later |work=The Daily Beast |date=March 12, 2016 |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-stripper-who-cried-rape-revisiting-the-duke-lacrosse-case-ten-years-later |access-date=March 9, 2019 |archive-date=December 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210210620/https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-stripper-who-cried-rape-revisiting-the-duke-lacrosse-case-ten-years-later |url-status=live}}</ref>  which garnered [[Reactions to the Duke lacrosse case|significant media attention]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Deitsch|first1=Richard|title=New ESPN 30 for 30 documentary to look back at Duke lacrosse case|url=https://www.si.com/more-sports/2016/03/09/duke-lacrosse-case-look-back-media-circus|access-date=March 28, 2016|magazine=Sports Illustrated|date=March 9, 2016|archive-date=April 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420032355/https://www.si.com/more-sports/2016/03/09/duke-lacrosse-case-look-back-media-circus|url-status=live}}</ref> On April 11, 2007, North Carolina Attorney General [[Roy Cooper]] dropped all charges and declared the three players innocent. Cooper stated that the charged players were victims of a "tragic rush to accuse."<ref>{{cite news |title=N.C. attorney general: Duke players 'innocent' |publisher=CNN |date=April 11, 2007 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/LAW/04/11/cooper.transcript/index.html |access-date=March 9, 2019 |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415075729/http://www.cnn.com/2007/LAW/04/11/cooper.transcript/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Dropping Case">{{cite news|last=Beard|first=Aaron|title=Prosecutors Drop Charges in Duke Case|agency=Associated Press|date=April 11, 2007|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/n/a/2007/04/11/national/a113721D83.DTL|access-date=April 11, 2007|work=The San Francisco Chronicle|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070526075138/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fn%2Fa%2F2007%2F04%2F11%2Fnational%2Fa113721D83.DTL|archive-date=May 26, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> The District Attorney, [[Mike Nifong]], was subsequently disbarred.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Setrakian|first1=Lara|last2=Francescani|first2=Chris|date=June 16, 2007|title=Former Duke Prosecutor Nifong Disbarred|url=https://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/story?id=3285862&page=1|agency=ABC News|location=Raleigh, N.C.|access-date=May 12, 2015|archive-date=December 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208223607/https://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/story?id=3285862&page=1|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2024, Crystal Mangum admitted, during a December 11, 2024 podcast interview, that she "made up a story that wasn't true" about the white lacrosse players who attended a party where she was hired to be a stripper.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-14 |title=Woman who falsely accused US lacrosse players of rape admits she lied |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/woman-who-falsely-accused-duke-lacrosse-players-of-rape-in-2006-publicly-admits-she-lied/82ab0c9a-b8e1-490e-b676-cbe28ed990d1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214034141/https://www.9news.com.au/world/woman-who-falsely-accused-duke-lacrosse-players-of-rape-in-2006-publicly-admits-she-lied/82ab0c9a-b8e1-490e-b676-cbe28ed990d1 |url-status=live |archive-date=2024-12-14 |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=www.9news.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-15 |title=Woman who accused Duke lacrosse players of rape in 2006 now admits she lied |website=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/woman-accused-duke-lacrosse-players-rape-2006-now-admits-lied-rcna184136 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215020126/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/woman-accused-duke-lacrosse-players-rape-2006-now-admits-lied-rcna184136 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2024-12-15 |access-date=2024-12-15 }}</ref>  

In 2019, Duke paid $112.5 million to settle False Claims Act allegations related to scientific research misconduct. A researcher at the school was falsifying or fabricating research data in order to win grants for financial gain. The researcher was arrested in 2013 on charges of embezzling funds from the university. The scheme was exposed by the allegations made through a lawsuit, filed by a whistleblower, who had worked as a Duke employee, and discovered the false data.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/duke-university-agrees-pay-us-1125-million-settle-false-claims-act-allegations-related|title=Duke University Agrees to Pay U.S. $112.5 Million to Settle False Claims Act Allegations Related to Scientific Research Misconduct|date=March 25, 2019|website=www.justice.gov|access-date=April 4, 2019|archive-date=April 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402160601/https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/duke-university-agrees-pay-us-1125-million-settle-false-claims-act-allegations-related|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-north-carolina-duke-settlement/duke-university-pays-112-5-million-in-fake-research-case-sparked-by-whistleblower-idUSKCN1R61YS?feedType=RSS&feedName=domesticNews Duke University pays $112.5 million in fake research case sparked by whistleblower] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521233244/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-north-carolina-duke-settlement/duke-university-pays-112-5-million-in-fake-research-case-sparked-by-whistleblower-idUSKCN1R61YS?feedType=RSS&feedName=domesticNews |date=May 21, 2020}}, Reuters March 25, 2019</ref>

In response to the misconduct settlement, Duke established an advisory panel of academics from [[Caltech]], [[Stanford]] and [[Rockefeller University]]. Based on the recommendations of this panel, Duke Office of Scientific Integrity (DOSI) was established under the leadership of Lawrence Carin, an engineering professor who is one of the world's leading experts on machine learning and artificial intelligence<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2019/08/carin-named-new-vice-president-research-university-wide-responsibilities|title=Duke Today|date=August 7, 2019 |access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929014743/https://today.duke.edu/2019/08/carin-named-new-vice-president-research-university-wide-responsibilities|url-status=live}}</ref> The establishment of this office brings Duke's research practices in line with those at peer institutions like [[Johns Hopkins University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2019/09/duke-university-research-institutions-office-of-research|title=Duke Chronicle|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929014744/https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2019/09/duke-university-research-institutions-office-of-research|url-status=live}}</ref>