Editing Dunlin (section)

==Taxonomy==
The dunlin was [[Species description|formally described]] by the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1758 in the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]] of his ''[[Systema Naturae]]'' under the [[binomial nomenclature|binomial name]] ''Tringa alpina''. Linnaeus specified the [[type location (biology)|location]] as Lapland.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=149 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727056 }}</ref> This species was formerly placed (with the other "[[stint]]s") by some American authors in the genus ''Erolia'',<ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts  | page=286 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483099}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | author=Committee on Classification and Nomenclature | date=1973 | title=Thirty-Second Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds | journal=Auk | volume=90 | issue=2 | pages=411–419 [415] | url=https://sora.unm.edu/node/22371 }}</ref> but is now placed with 23 other sandpipers in the genus ''[[Calidris]]'' that was introduced in 1804 by the German naturalist [[Blasius Merrem]].<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Merrem | first=Blasius | author-link=Blasius Merrem | date=8 June 1804 | title=Naturgeschichte | language=German | journal=Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung | volume=168 | at=Col. 542 | url=https://digipress.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb10502034_00451_u001/1 }} Published anonymously.</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=2023 | title=Sandpipers, snipes, coursers | work=IOC World Bird List |version= V 13.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sandpipers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=2 January 2024}}</ref> The genus name is from [[Ancient Greek]] ''kalidris'' or ''skalidris'', a term used by [[Aristotle]] for some grey-coloured waterside birds. The specific ''alpina '' is from [[Latin]] and means "of high mountains", in this case referring to [[alpine tundra]] habitats generally, rather than the [[Alps]] specifically.<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n84 84], [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n42 42]}}</ref>

Ten [[subspecies]] are recognised:<ref name=ioc/>
*''C. a. arctica'' <small>(Schiøler, 1922)</small> — breeds in northeast [[Greenland]]. Smallest subspecies, short-billed; silvery upperparts with minimal rufous; small black belly patch.<ref name="subalpinebirding">{{cite web |last1=Rodríguez Lázaro |first1=Guillermo |last2=López-Velasco |first2=Daniel |title=Unprecedented spring arrival of Greenland Dunlin ssp. arctica to Northern Spain and a first approach to its identification |url=https://subalpinebirding.com/blog/greenland-dunlin-ssp-arctica-a-first-approach-to-its-identification |website=subalpinebirding |access-date=2024-07-29}}</ref>
*''C. a. schinzii'' <small>([[Christian Ludwig Brehm|Brehm]] & Schilling, 1822)</small> — breeds in southeast Greenland, Iceland, the [[British Isles]], southern [[Scandinavia]] & [[Baltic region|the Baltic]]. Browner upperparts; small black belly patch.<ref name="subalpinebirding"/>
*''C. a. alpina'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)</small> — breeds in northern Scandinavia, [[Svalbard]], and northwest [[Siberia]]
*''C. a. centralis'' <small>([[Sergei Buturlin|Buturlin]], 1932)</small> — breeds in north-central and northeast Siberia
*''C. a. sakhalina'' <small>([[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1816)</small> — breeds in eastern [[Russia]] to the [[Chukchi Peninsula]]
*''C. a. kistchinski'' <small>Tomkovich, 1986</small> — breeds around the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] to [[Kuril Islands]] and [[Kamchatka]]
*''C. a. actites'' <small>Nechaev & Tomkovich, 1988</small> — breeds on [[Sakhalin]]
*''C. a. arcticola'' <small>([[W. E. Clyde Todd|Todd]], 1953)</small> — breeds from northwest Alaska to northwest Canada
*''C. a. pacifica'' <small>([[Coues]], 1861)</small> — breeds in western and southern Alaska
*''C. a. hudsonia'' <small>([[W. E. Clyde Todd|Todd]], 1953)</small> — breeds in central Canada