Editing Easingwold (section)

==History==
[[File:Easingwold's Cenotaph - geograph.org.uk - 750432.jpg|thumb|left|Easingwold's cenotaph]]
[[File:The old workhouse - geograph.org.uk - 710031.jpg|thumb|left|The old [[workhouse]]]]
The town is mentioned in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 as "Eisicewalt" in the Bulford hundred. At the time of the [[Norman conquest of England|Norman conquest]], the manor was owned by [[Morcar|Earl Morcar]], but subsequently passed to the King.<ref>{{OpenDomesday|SE5269|easingwold|Easingwold|accessdate=8 December 2012}}</ref> In 1265 the manor was passed to [[Edmund Crouchback]] by his father, [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]. The manor was caught up in the dispute between the 2nd Earl of Lancaster and [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] and the manor passed back to the crown following the [[Battle of Boroughbridge]] in 1322 which resulted in the execution of the Earl at [[Pontefract]]. The manor was restored to the Earl's brother some six years later, but he left no male heir, so the lands passed to his son-in-law, [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster|John of Gaunt]] in 1361. The lands were next granted to his son-in-law, [[Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland|Ralph Neville]]. Following the [[War of the Roses]], the lands were declared forfeit to the Crown until 1633, when they were granted to [[Baron Belasyse|Thomas Belasyse]] and subsequently became the possession of the Wombwell family.<ref name="Bulmers"/>

The town is an amalgamation of two smaller villages, ''Uppleby'' and ''Lessimers''. The former being a settlement, or ''-by'' of a Dane called ''Upple'', and the latter being an Angle settlement on the ''lease-mires'', meaning leased land frequently waterlogged.<ref name="Bulmers"/>

The name of Easingwold is [[Old English language|Anglo Saxon]] in origin, with ''wold'' being a derivation of ''wald'' meaning ''forest'', and the former part being a Saxon family name, possibly ''Esa''.<ref name="History">{{cite web|url=http://www.visit-easingwold.com/a-brief-history.html|title=Local History|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=5 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205214816/http://www.visit-easingwold.com/a-brief-history.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[John of England|King John]] had a hunting lodge there and the royal [[Forest of Galtres]] once surrounded the area.{{Cn|date=January 2024}}

The market place was the site of an old toll booth. The base of the old market cross still exists next to [[Easingwold Town Hall]], which was built as a public hall. It replaced an old row of 'shambles' where butchers sold their wares. The market place was also the site of a [[bullring]] used for baiting.<ref name="Bulmers"/> Records show that markets have been held in the town since 1221, but were formalised under letters patent from [[Charles I of England|Charles I]].<ref name="History"/>

In the 18th century, two [[coaching inn]]s served the town: the [[New Inn, Easingwold|New Inn]], and the [[Rose and Crown, Easingwold|Rose and Crown]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bradley |first1=Tom |title=The Old Coaching Days in Yorkshire |date=1889 |publisher=Yorkshire Conservative Newspaper Company |location=Leeds}}</ref>

Under the [[Poor Law Amendment Act 1834]] a [[Poor law union]] was established in Easingwold in 1837. The town had a [[workhouse]] built in 1756 on Oulston Road.<ref name="Bulmers"/><ref name="History"/> In 1934, [[Easingwold Union Workhouse]] was converted into a hospital for the mentally handicapped and known as ''Claypenny Colony'' until 1952 and then as ''Claypenny Hospital'' until the majority of the site was sold and redeveloped as residential accommodation towards the end of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=193-cla&cid=-1#-1|title=Claypenny Colony|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=8 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708052308/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=193-cla&cid=-1#-1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.workhouses.org.uk/Easingwold/|title=Workhouse|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=21 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221150225/http://www.workhouses.org.uk/Easingwold/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1891 a privately owned branch line was opened from the town to the [[London]]-[[Edinburgh]] main line at [[Alne, North Yorkshire|Alne]] after many failed attempts to have the main line pass through or closer to the town. The line ran a passenger service until 1948 and a goods service until its final closure in 1957. The station was located in what is now Station Court. All that remains is the old station house following a fire in 1967 that resulted in its demolition.<ref name="Bulmers"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.disused-stations.org.uk/e/easingwold/index.shtml|title=Disused railway|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=26 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026025356/http://www.disused-stations.org.uk/e/easingwold/index.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lner.info/co/NER/easingwold/easingwold.shtml|title=LNER branch lines|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=30 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230204607/http://www.lner.info/co/NER/easingwold/easingwold.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hartley|first=K.E.|title=''The Easingwold Railway'', (Revised Redman, R.N.: 1991), Locomotion Papers No. 46|year=1970 |publisher= The Oakwood Press|isbn= 0-85361-413-X<!--|access-date=11 November 2012-->}}</ref>

There are 51 Grade II [[listed building]]s in Easingwold, including five mileposts and the telephone kiosk in Back Lane.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/england/north+yorkshire/easingwold|title=Listed Buildings|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=21 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321153055/http://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/england/north+yorkshire/easingwold|url-status=live}}</ref> The areas of Long Street; the Parish Church and Church Hill; Uppleby and the market place are all within the Easingwold Conservation Area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hambleton.gov.uk/Hambleton%20District%20Council/caa%20easingwold.pdf|title=Conservation Area|author=Hambleton District Council|work=Conservation Area Assessment - Easingwold|access-date=8 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112141711/http://www.hambleton.gov.uk/Hambleton%20District%20Council/caa%20easingwold.pdf|archive-date=12 November 2014}}</ref>

In 1908 Lieutenant-General [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Baden-Powell]], the founder of the [[The Scout Association|Scout Movement]], visited Easingwold as commander of the Northumbrian division of the newly formed Territorial Force.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://scouts.easingwold.org/history/index.asp |title=Easingwold District Scouts - 100 Years |access-date=5 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010144125/http://scouts.easingwold.org/history/index.asp |archive-date=10 October 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Easingwold's Scout Group was founded two years later.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/ryedale/8193410.chief-scout-bear-grylls-gets-a-warm-reception-during-his-visit-to-the-easingwold-district-centenary-camp-at-kilburn/|title=Chief Scout Bear Grylls gets a warm reception during his visit to the Easingwold District Centenary Camp at Kilburn|date=31 May 2010|newspaper=York Press|access-date=6 March 2022|archive-date=6 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306113152/https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/ryedale/8193410.chief-scout-bear-grylls-gets-a-warm-reception-during-his-visit-to-the-easingwold-district-centenary-camp-at-kilburn/|url-status=live}}</ref>