Editing Edita Gruberová (section)

== Early life and education ==
Edita Gruberová was born on 23 December 1946<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tommasini|first=Anthony|date=2021-10-22|title=Edita Gruberova, Dazzling Soprano With Emotional Power, Dies at 74|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/22/arts/music/edita-gruberova-dead.html|access-date=2021-10-23|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=23 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023005505/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/22/arts/music/edita-gruberova-dead.html|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[Rača, Bratislava]],<ref name="Kesting">{{cite news |last=Kesting |first=Jürgen |date=30 March 2019 |title=Ich regiere nicht mehr. Geht! |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/buehne-und-konzert/sopranistin-edita-gruberovas-abschied-von-der-opernbuehne-16113417.html |newspaper=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|FAZ]] |location=Frankfurt |language=de |access-date=22 January 2020 |archive-date=8 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808182455/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/buehne-und-konzert/sopranistin-edita-gruberovas-abschied-von-der-opernbuehne-16113417.html |url-status=live }}</ref> to a German father and a Hungarian mother.<ref name="Langer 2021">{{cite news | last=Langer | first=Emily | title=Edita Gruberova, dazzling operatic soprano, dies at 74 | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=19 October 2021 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/edita-gruberova-dead/2021/10/19/ed962daa-30d5-11ec-93e2-dba2c2c11851_story.html | access-date=20 October 2021 | archive-date=20 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020001454/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/edita-gruberova-dead/2021/10/19/ed962daa-30d5-11ec-93e2-dba2c2c11851_story.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Patmore">{{cite web | last = Patmore | first = David | title = Elena Gruberová | url = https://www.naxos.com/person/Edita_Gruberova/3411.htm | work = [[Naxos Records]] | access-date = 22 December 2020 | archive-date = 19 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211019123521/https://www.naxos.com/person/Edita_Gruberova/3411.htm | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/edita-gruberov%C3%A1-mn0000167033/discography |title=Discography Edita Gruberová |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809114936/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/edita-gruberov%C3%A1-mn0000167033/discography |archive-date=9 August 2017 |work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> As an anti-communist, her father survived a five-year prison sentence for treason.<ref name="Spinola 2021">{{cite web | last=Spinola | first=Julia | title=Edita Gruberová: Nachruf | website=Süddeutsche.de | date=19 October 2021 | url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/nachruf-edita-gruberova-oper-1.5443749 | language=de | access-date=19 October 2021 | archive-date=19 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019140001/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/nachruf-edita-gruberova-oper-1.5443749 | url-status=live }}</ref> Her father drank and she developed a close relationship with her mother.<ref name="GmbH 2021">{{cite news | title="Königin der Koloratur": Starsopranistin Edita Gruberová gestorben | newspaper=FAZ | date=18 October 2021 | url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/buehne-und-konzert/starsopranistin-edita-gruberova-mit-74-jahren-gestorben-17591401.html | language=de | access-date=19 October 2021}}</ref> She sang in a school choir and in the children's choir of the broadcaster.<ref name="Zeit">{{cite news |date=27 March 2019 |title=Die Gruberova beendet ihre Opernkarriere |url=https://www.zeit.de/news/2019-03/27/die-gruberova-beendet-ihre-opernkarriere-190327-99-562047 |work=[[Die Zeit]] |location=Hamburg |agency=dpa |language=de |access-date=22 January 2020 |archive-date=31 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731065835/https://www.zeit.de/news/2019-03/27/die-gruberova-beendet-ihre-opernkarriere-190327-99-562047 |url-status=live }}</ref> The pastor of the parish where she prepared for [[Confirmation]] accompanied her when she sang solos at church, and prepared her in piano playing to pass the exam to enter the conservatory.<ref name="BR">{{cite news |url=https://www.br-klassik.de/programm/sendungen-a-z/mittagsmusik/edita-gruberova-70-geburtstag-100.html |title="Einfach Rauf und Runter" – Die Sopranistin Edita Gruberová |date=19 December 2016 |publisher=BR-Klassik |first=Ilona |last=Hanning |access-date=19 July 2020 |archive-date=19 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719180051/https://www.br-klassik.de/programm/sendungen-a-z/mittagsmusik/edita-gruberova-70-geburtstag-100.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Gruberová began her musical studies at the [[Bratislava Conservatory]] (''Konzervatórium v Bratislave''),<ref name="BR" /><ref name="Zeit" /> where she was a student of {{ill|Mária Medvecká|cs}}.<ref name="Kutsch Riemens Rost 2012 p. 1858">{{cite book | last1=Kutsch | first1=K.J. | last2=Riemens | first2=L. | last3=Rost | first3=H. | title=Gruberová, Edita | publisher=[[De Gruyter]] | series=[[Großes Sängerlexikon]] | issue=Bd. 4 | year=2012 | isbn=978-3-598-44088-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dsfq_5dFeL0C&pg=PA1858 | language=de | access-date=19 October 2021 | page=1858 | archive-date=19 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019123517/https://books.google.com/books?id=dsfq_5dFeL0C&pg=PA1858 | url-status=live }}</ref> She then continued at the [[Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava]] (VŠMU).<ref name="Kultúra SME">{{cite web | title=Edita Gruberová: Aj diamant treba brúsiť | website=Kultúra SME | url=https://kultura.sme.sk/c/6200734/edita-gruberova-aj-diamant-treba-brusit.html | language=sk | access-date=19 October 2021 | archive-date=4 December 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204181804/https://kultura.sme.sk/c/6200734/edita-gruberova-aj-diamant-treba-brusit.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Denník N 2021">{{cite web | title=Vo veku 74 rokov zomrela v Zürichu slovenská operná speváčka Edita Gruberová | website=Denník N | date=18 October 2021 | url=https://dennikn.sk/minuta/2578827/ | language=sk | access-date=19 October 2021 | archive-date=18 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018182419/https://dennikn.sk/minuta/2578827/ | url-status=live }}</ref> While studying there, she was a singer of the Lúčnica folk ensemble and appeared several times in the [[Slovak National Theatre]]. She would later study with [[Ruthilde Boesch]] in Vienna.<ref name="Nachrichten 2021">{{cite web | title=Starsopranistin Edita Gruberova ist tot | website=[[Salzburger Nachrichten]] | date=18 October 2021 | url=https://www.sn.at/kultur/musik/starsopranistin-edita-gruberova-ist-tot-111078664 | language=de | access-date=19 October 2021 | archive-date=18 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018193515/https://www.sn.at/kultur/musik/starsopranistin-edita-gruberova-ist-tot-111078664 | url-status=live }}</ref>