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En passant
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==Rules== [[File:Ajedrez animación en passant.gif|thumb|Animation of an ''en passant'' capture]] The conditions for a pawn to capture an enemy pawn ''en passant'' are as follows: * the enemy pawn [[Rules of chess#Basic moves|advanced two squares]] on the previous turn; * the capturing pawn attacks the square that the enemy pawn passed over. If these conditions are met, the capturing pawn can move diagonally forward to the square that the enemy pawn passed, capturing the enemy pawn as if it had moved only one square. If the right to capture ''en passant'' is not exercised immediately, it is lost. Making the capture is optional, unless there is no other legal move. {| align="center" |-valign="top" |+ '''Example of an ''en passant'' capture''' | {{col-begin|width=auto; float:center; clear:center}} {{col-break}} {{Chess diagram small | tleft | Black to move | | | | | | | | | | | | | |pd| | | | | | | |xx| | | | | | |pl| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The black pawn is on its initial square. If it moves to f6 (marked by ×), the white pawn can capture it. }} {{col-break}} {{Chess diagram small | tleft | White to move | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |xx| | | | | | |pl|pd| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Black moves their pawn forward two squares in a single move from f7 to f5, "passing" f6. }} {{col-break}} {{Chess diagram small | tleft | Black to move | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |pl| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | White captures the black pawn ''en passant'', as if it had moved only one square to f6. }} {{col-end}} |} Only pawns may capture or be captured ''en passant''.<ref name="whyldweekend">{{cite book |last=Whyld |first=Kenneth |author-link=Ken Whyld |title=Learn Chess in a Weekend |year=1993 |publisher=Knopf/DK |page=39 |isbn=9780679422297}}</ref> The ''en passant'' capture is the only capturing move in chess where the capturing piece moves to a square not occupied by the captured piece.<ref name="Burgess">{{citation |last=Burgess |first=Graham |author-link = Graham Burgess |title=The Mammoth Book of Chess |location=New York |publisher=Carroll & Graf |year=2000 |edition=2nd |isbn=978-0-7867-0725-6 }} </ref>{{rp|463}} Because many casual players are unfamiliar with or misunderstand the ''en passant'' rule, administrators on internet chess sites frequently receive erroneous complaints of bugs, cheating or hacking.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allebest |first=Erik |date=2018-06-20 |title='His Pawn Cheated And Killed My Pawn!' |url=https://www.chess.com/article/view/his-pawn-cheated-and-killed-my-pawn |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=Chess.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
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