Editing Ensenada (section)

==History==
[[File:Interior del Antiguo Cuartel de la Compañía Fija.JPG|thumb|left|The historic [[Mexican Army]] Barracks, built in 1886, is today a history museum.]]
[[File:Hotel Playa de Ensenada, now Hotel Riviera del Pacifico.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hotel Riviera del Pacífico]] in 1930]]
At the time the first European explorers arrived in the region, [[Yuman–Cochimí languages|Yuman–Cochimí speaking]] peoples inhabited the region. Groups such as the [[Kiliwa people|Kiliwa]], [[Paipai people|Paipai]] and [[Kumeyaay]] still exist. These [[hunter-gatherer]] indigenous peoples lived in the bay area and interior valleys of the [[Sierra de Juárez]] and [[Sierra de San Pedro Mártir]]. The Kumeyaay had a village where the city is seated that was called Pa-tai.<ref>{{Cite web|title=bajacalifology.org - Kumeyaay Place Names|url=https://www.sandiegoarchaeology.org/Laylander/Baja/places.kumeyaay1.htm|access-date=2020-09-02|website=www.sandiegoarchaeology.org}}</ref>

[[Bahía de Todos Santos]], which Ensenada now borders, was first reached by sea by the Spanish explorer [[Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo]] on the vessels ''El Salvador'' and ''Victoria''. The city was founded on September 17, 1542, under the name ''San Mateo''.<ref name="history">{{cite web |title=History - About Ensenada |url=http://www.bajacal.com/ensenada-mexico/history.html |publisher=Baja California Language College |access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=History of Ensenada |url=http://www.mybajaguide.com/eng/destinations-history.php?id=2 |publisher=MyBajaGuide |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615220111/http://www.mybajaguide.com/eng/destinations-history.php?id=2 |archive-date=June 15, 2011 }}</ref> In 1602, while mapping the coast of [[the Californias]] in search of safe harbors for returning Spanish [[galleon]]s from [[Manila]] to [[Acapulco]], [[Sebastián Vizcaíno]] renamed the city to ''Ensenada de Todos Santos''.<ref name="history"/> ''Ensenada'' means "bay" or "cove".<ref>[https://dle.rae.es/ensenado#Fcxuv3S Real Academia Española]: ''Parte de mar que entra en la tierra.'' (Part of the sea that enters into the land.)</ref>

The first permanent settlement was established by the [[Jesuits]] during the 17th or 18th century. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1768, the [[Dominican Order|Dominicans]] took over the representation of Europe in what is now Ensenada. In 1805, [[José Manuel Ruiz Carillo]] obtained permission to establish himself in Ensenada, being appointed governor of Baja California and building in Ensenada a house that survived until the final part of that century, despite being briefly taken by [[William Walker (filibuster)|William Walker]], the self-declared "president" of the [[Republic of Baja California]], in 1853–54.<ref name="ensenada.gob.mx">Francisco Alberto Nuñez Tapia, "Historia Mínima de Ensenada," [http://www.ensenada.gob.mx/index.php?seccion=historiadeensenada ensenada.gob.mx]</ref>
[[File:Fachada del Templo del Purísimo Corazón de María.JPG|thumb|upright|Purísimo Corazón de María Church was built at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.]]
In 1882, Ensenada was designated the capital of Baja California, and attempts at developing the area were made by the English [[Mexican Land and Colonization Company]]. These were interrupted by the [[Mexican Revolution]], which left the area devastated. In 1915, the capital was transferred to [[Mexicali]], and in 1930, the population of Ensenada was only 5,000.<ref name="ReferenceA">Maria Eugenia Bonifaz de Novelo, "The Hotel Riviera del Pacífico," San Diego Historical Society Quarterly Spring 1983</ref> During the early part of the twentieth century, the city's name was shortened from ''Ensenada de Todos Santos'' to ''Ensenada'', a change made in order to avoid confusion with [[Todos Santos, Baja California Sur|Todos Santos]] in [[Baja California Sur]].<ref name="ensenada.gob.mx"/>
[[File:Grúas y astilleros - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Port of Ensenada]], built in 1994, is one the busiest ports on the [[West Coast of North America|Pacific Coast of North America]].]]
The twentieth-century development of Ensenada was assisted by [[prohibition]], which sent [[Americans]] and [[Canadians]] south of their border in search of [[entertainment]] and [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]], developing first [[Tijuana]], then [[Rosarito]], and finally Ensenada as tourist destinations. The [[Hotel Riviera del Pacífico]] was opened in 1930, briefly placing Ensenada on the international glamor map and was visited several times by [[Miguel Alemán Valdés|President Miguel Alemán Valdés]], international artists and political personalities.

Ensenada truly began to flourish in the early 1950s, at which time the city's population had risen to 20,000.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} The hotel finally closed in 1964. It was later reopened as a [[cultural center]] and [[museum]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/> By this time, other hotels had opened, and the population and economy of Ensenada had grown and diversified towards their present status.

On January 26, 2007, [[Pope Benedict XVI]] created the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Ensenada]] with territory taken from the Archdiocese of Tijuana and Mexicali Diocese, making it a [[suffragan diocese]] of the Metropolitan Church of Tijuana.{{citation needed|date = April 2015}}

In 2023, ten people [[Ensenada shootout|were killed in a shootout]].