Editing Exercise (section)

== Classification ==

Physical exercises are generally grouped into three types, depending on the overall effect they have on the human body:<ref name="phy_active">{{Cite web
| author = ((National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute))
| title = Your Guide to Physical Activity and Your Heart
| publisher = U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
| date = June 2006
|url = http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/phy_active.pdf}}</ref>
* [[Aerobic exercise]] is any [[physical activity]] that uses large muscle groups and causes the body to use more [[oxygen]] than it would while resting.<ref name="phy_active" /> The goal of aerobic exercise is to increase [[cardiovascular]] [[endurance]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wilmore JH | title = Aerobic exercise and endurance: improving fitness for health benefits | journal = The Physician and Sportsmedicine | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 45–51 | date = May 2003 | pmid = 20086470 | doi = 10.3810/psm.2003.05.367 | s2cid = 2253889 }}</ref> Examples of aerobic exercise include running, cycling, swimming, brisk [[walking]], [[skipping rope]], [[rowing (sports)|rowing]], hiking, dancing, playing tennis, [[continuous training]], and [[long slow distance|long distance]] running.<ref name="phy_active" />
* [[Anaerobic exercise]], which includes [[Strength training|strength]] and resistance training, can firm, strengthen, and increase muscle mass, as well as improve bone density, [[Balance (ability)|balance]], and [[Motor coordination|coordination]].<ref name="phy_active" /> Examples of strength exercises are [[push-ups]], [[Pull-up (exercise)|pull-ups]], [[Lunge (exercise)|lunges]], squats, bench press. Anaerobic exercise also includes [[weight training]], [[functional training]], [[Eccentric Training]], [[interval training]], [[Sprint (running)|sprinting]], and [[high-intensity interval training]] which increase short-term muscle strength.<ref name="phy_active" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = de Vos NJ, Singh NA, Ross DA, Stavrinos TM, Orr R, Fiatarone Singh MA | title = Optimal load for increasing muscle power during explosive resistance training in older adults | journal = The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | volume = 60 | issue = 5 | pages = 638–647 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15972618 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/60.5.638 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* [[Flexibility (anatomy)|Flexibility]] exercises stretch and lengthen [[muscle]]s.<ref name="phy_active" /> Activities such as [[stretching]] help to improve [[joint]] flexibility and keep muscles limber.<ref name="phy_active" /> The goal is to improve the [[range of motion]] which can reduce the chance of injury.<ref name="phy_active" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = O'Connor DM, Crowe MJ, Spinks WL | title = Effects of static stretching on leg power during cycling | journal = The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness | volume = 46 | issue = 1 | pages = 52–56 | date = March 2006 | pmid = 16596099 }}</ref>

Physical exercise can also include training that focuses on [[accuracy]], [[Sport agility|agility]], [[human power|power]], and [[speed]].<ref name="crossfit">{{cite web |url = http://library.crossfit.com/free/pdf/CFJ-trial.pdf| access-date = 12 September 2010 | title= What Is Fitness? | page = 4 | date = October 2002 | publisher = The CrossFit Journal}}</ref>

Types of exercise can also be classified as dynamic or static. 'Dynamic' exercises such as steady running, tend to produce a lowering of the [[diastole|diastolic]] blood pressure during exercise, due to the improved blood flow. Conversely, static exercise (such as weight-lifting) can cause the [[systole (medicine)|systolic]] pressure to rise significantly, albeit transiently, during the performance of the exercise.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = de Souza Nery S, Gomides RS, da Silva GV, de Moraes Forjaz CL, Mion D, Tinucci T | title = Intra-arterial blood pressure response in hypertensive subjects during low- and high-intensity resistance exercise | journal = Clinics | volume = 65 | issue = 3 | pages = 271–277 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20360917 | pmc = 2845767 | doi = 10.1590/S1807-59322010000300006 }}</ref>