Editing February 3 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1047]] &ndash; [[Drogo of Hauteville]] is [[County of Apulia and Calabria|elected as count of the Apulian Normans]] during the [[Norman conquest of southern Italy|Norman conquest of Southern Italy]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Theotokis |first1=Georgios |title=Bohemond of Taranto: Crusader and Conqueror |date=15 March 2021 |publisher=Pen and Sword Military |isbn=978-1-5267-4429-6 |page=15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yhIZEAAAQBAJ |access-date=10 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1112]] &ndash; [[Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona]], and [[Douce I, Countess of Provence]], marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.<ref>{{cite book|author=Damian J. Smith|title=Crusade, Heresy and Inquisition in the Lands of the Crown of Aragon: (c. 1167-1276)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BEfrDPxlraYC&pg=PA27|year=2010|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-18289-9|page=27}}</ref>
*[[1451]] &ndash; [[Sultan]] [[Mehmed II]] inherits the throne of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Kenneth Meyer Setton|title=A History of the Crusades|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DydaAAAAYAAJ|year=1975|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-299-06670-3|page=675}}</ref>
*[[1488]] &ndash; [[Bartolomeu Dias]] of Portugal lands in [[Mossel Bay]] after rounding the [[Cape of Good Hope]], becoming the first known European to travel so far south.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alex Hepple|title=South Africa, a Political and Economic History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PIh0AAAAMAAJ|year=1966|publisher=F. A. Praeger|page=30}}</ref>
*[[1509]] &ndash; The [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] navy defeats a joint fleet of the [[Ottoman Empire]], the [[Republic of Venice]], the [[Mahmud Begada|Sultan of Gujarat]], the [[Burji dynasty|Mamlûk Burji Sultanate of Egypt]], the [[Saamoothiri|Zamorin]] of [[Kozhikode|Calicut]], and the [[Republic of Ragusa]] at the [[Battle of Diu (1509)|Battle of Diu]] in [[Diu, India]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=William Oliver Stevens|author2=Allan Ferguson Westcott|title=A History of Sea Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bQaGAAAAMAAJ|year=1920|publisher=G. H. Doran Company|page=118}}</ref>
*[[1583]] &ndash; [[Battle of São Vicente]] takes place off [[Portuguese Brazil]] where three English warships led by navigator [[Edward Fenton]] fight off three [[Spanish galleon]]s sinking one in the process.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Madoz, Richard|title=An Elizabethan in 1582: The Diary of Richard Madox, Fellow of All Souls Volume 147|date=1976|publisher=Hakluyt Society|location=University of Texas|page=xiii|isbn=9780904180046|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dsAMAAAAYAAJ |author1-link=Richard Madox}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1637]] &ndash; [[Tulip Mania]] collapses within the [[Dutch Republic]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Earl A. Thompson|title=The Tulipmania: Fact or Artifact|publisher=Public Choice|year=2007|page=6}}</ref>
*[[1639]] &ndash;  The [[House of Assembly of Barbados]] meets for the first time.<ref>{{cite book|author=Edward Goulborn Sinckler|title=The Barbados Handboo|publisher=Duckworth and Company|year=1913|page=7}}</ref>
*[[1690]] &ndash; The [[Massachusetts Bay Colony|colony of Massachusetts]] issues the first [[paper money]] in the Americas.
*[[1706]] &ndash; During the [[Battle of Fraustadt]] Swedish forces defeat a superior [[Saxony|Saxon]]-Polish-Russian force by deploying a [[double envelopment]].
*[[1716]] &ndash; The [[1716 Algiers earthquake]] sequence began with an {{M|w}} 7.0 mainshock that caused severe damage and killed 20,000 in Algeria.<ref name="NGDC">{{cite web |title=Significant Earthquake Information |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/1203 |website=ngdc.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>
*[[1781]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: British forces [[Capture of Sint Eustatius|seize]] the [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]]-owned Caribbean island [[Sint Eustatius]].
*[[1783]] &ndash; [[Spain–United States relations]] are first established.
*[[1787]] &ndash; Militia led by General [[Benjamin Lincoln]] crush the remnants of [[Shays' Rebellion]] in [[Petersham, Massachusetts]].
*[[1807]] &ndash; A British military force, under Brigadier-General Sir [[Samuel Auchmuty (British Army officer)|Samuel Auchmuty]] captures the [[Spanish Empire]] city of [[Montevideo]], now the capital of [[Uruguay]].
*[[1809]] &ndash; [[Illinois Territory|The Territory of Illinois]] is created by the [[10th United States Congress]].
*[[1813]] &ndash; [[José de San Martín]] defeats a Spanish royalist army at the [[Battle of San Lorenzo]], part of the [[Argentine War of Independence]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Franklin D. Margiotta|title=Brassey's Encyclopedia of Military History and Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nmYjAQAAIAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Brassey's|isbn=978-0-02-881096-6|page=835}}</ref>
*[[1830]] &ndash; The [[London Protocol (1830)|London Protocol of 1830]] establishes the full independence and sovereignty of [[Greece]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]] as the final result of the [[Greek War of Independence]].
*[[1862]] &ndash; Moldavia and Wallachia formally unite to create the [[United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia|Romanian United Principalities]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zHTN-TQkd3cC&pg=PA79 |title=Romania: Borderland of Europe |last=Boia |first=Lucian |publisher=Reaktion Books |year=2001 |isbn=9781861891037 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1870]] &ndash; The [[Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.

===1901–present===
*[[1913]] &ndash; The [[Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] is ratified, authorizing the [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] to impose and collect an [[income tax]].
*[[1916]] &ndash; The [[Centre Block#Great fire|Centre Block]] of the [[Parliament of Canada|Parliament]] buildings in [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Ontario]], Canada burns down with the loss of seven lives.  
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: The [[American entry into World War I]] begins when diplomatic relations with Germany are severed due to its unrestricted submarine warfare.
*[[1918]] &ndash; The [[Twin Peaks Tunnel]] in [[San Francisco]], [[California]] begins service as the longest [[streetcar]] tunnel in the world at {{convert|11,920|ft|m|abbr=off|sp=us}} long.
*[[1927]] &ndash; A [[February 1927 Revolt|revolt]] against the [[Ditadura Nacional|military dictatorship]] of [[Portugal]] breaks out at [[Porto]].<ref>James M. Anderson, ''The History of Portugal'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000) p. 144-145</ref>
*[[1930]] &ndash; The [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] is founded at a "Unification Conference" held in [[Kowloon Peninsula|Kowloon]], [[British Hong Kong]].
*[[1931]] &ndash; The [[1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake|Hawke's Bay earthquake]], New Zealand's worst natural disaster, kills 258.
*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Adolf Hitler]] announces that the expansion of ''[[Lebensraum]]'' into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless [[Germanisation]], are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of [[Nazi]] foreign policy.
*[[1943]] &ndash; The {{SS|Dorchester}} is sunk by a German U-boat. Only 230 of 902 men aboard survive. 
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: During the [[Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign]], U.S. [[United States Army|Army]] and [[United States Marines|Marine]] forces [[Battle of Kwajalein|seize Kwajalein Atoll]] from the defending [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] garrison.
*[[1945]] &ndash; World War II: As part of [[Bombing of Berlin in World War II#March 1944 to April 1945|Operation Thunderclap]], 1,000 [[B-17 Flying Fortress|B-17]]s of the [[Eighth Air Force]] bomb Berlin, a raid which kills between 2,500 and 3,000 and [[dehousing|{{not a typo|dehouses}}]] another 120,000.
*  1945   &ndash; World War II: The United States and the [[Commonwealth of the Philippines|Philippine Commonwealth]] begin [[Battle of Manila (1945)|a month-long battle]] to retake [[Manila]] from [[Empire of Japan|Japan]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; The [[Batepá massacre]] occurred in [[São Tomé]] when the colonial administration and Portuguese landowners unleashed a wave of violence against the native [[Creole peoples#Portuguese Africa|creoles]] known as ''[[Forro Creole|forros]]''.
*[[1958]] &ndash; Founding of the [[Benelux]] Economic Union, creating a testing ground for a later [[European Economic Community]].<ref>{{cite book|author=United States. Bureau of Foreign Commerce|title=World Trade Information Service|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BUsfAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA24-PA8|year=1959|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|page=24}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash; Rock and roll musicians [[Buddy Holly]], [[Ritchie Valens]], and [[The Big Bopper|J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson]] are killed in a plane crash along with the pilot near [[Clear Lake, Iowa]], an event later known as [[The Day the Music Died]].
*  1959   &ndash; Sixty-five people are killed when [[American Airlines Flight 320]] crashes into the [[East River]] on approach to [[LaGuardia Airport]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-188A Electra N6101A New York-La Guardia Airport, NY (LGA) |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19590203-1 |access-date=2023-02-02 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[Harold Macmillan]] speaks of "a [[Wind of Change (speech)|wind of change]]", signalling that his Government was likely to support decolonisation.
*[[1961]] &ndash; The [[United States Air Force]] begins [[Operation Looking Glass]], and over the next 30 years, a "Doomsday Plane" is always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States' bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the [[Strategic Air Command|SAC]]'s command post.
*[[1966]] &ndash; The [[Soviet Union]]'s [[Luna 9]] becomes the first spacecraft to make a soft landing on the Moon, and the first spacecraft to take pictures from the surface of the Moon.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Zak|first1=Anatoly|title=Soviet probe makes world's first soft landing on the Moon|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/luna9.html|website=Russian Space Web|access-date=February 1, 2018}}</ref>
*[[1971]] &ndash; New York Police Officer [[Frank Serpico]] is shot during a drug bust in [[Brooklyn]] and survives to later testify against police corruption.<ref>{{cite book|author=Wilbur R. Miller|title=The Social History of Crime and Punishment in America: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vs9wCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT1110|date=July 20, 2012|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4833-0593-6|page=1110}}</ref> 
*[[1972]] &ndash; The first day of the seven-day [[1972 Iran blizzard]], which would kill at least 4,000 people, making it the [[List of natural disasters by death toll#Blizzards|deadliest snowstorm in history]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Marlene Bradford|author2=Robert S. Carmichael|author3=Tracy Irons-Georges|title=Natural Disasters: Avalanches-explosions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OotFAAAAYAAJ|date=January 1, 2001|publisher=Salem Press|isbn=978-0-89356-072-0|page=58}}</ref>
*[[1984]] &ndash; Doctor [[John Buster]] and a research team at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in the United States announce history's first [[embryo transfer]], from one woman to another resulting in a live birth.<ref>{{cite book|title=Great Events: 1971-1984|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BbhWAAAAYAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Salem Press|isbn=978-1-58765-058-1|page=2092}}</ref>
*  1984   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: [[STS-41-B]] is launched using [[Space Shuttle Challenger]].
*[[1989]] &ndash; After a [[stroke]] two weeks previously, [[President of South Africa|South African President]] [[P. W. Botha]] resigns as leader of the [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]], but stays on as president for six more months.
*  1989   &ndash; A [[1989 Paraguayan coup d'état|military coup]] overthrows [[Alfredo Stroessner]], dictator of [[Paraguay]] since [[1954]].
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: [[STS-60]] is launched, carrying [[Sergei Krikalev]], the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard the Shuttle.<ref>{{cite web|title=STS-60: A Cosmonaut Flies on the Shuttle|url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4225/sts60/sts-60.htm|website=NASA History Program Office|publisher=NASA|access-date=February 1, 2018}}</ref>
*[[1995]] &ndash; Astronaut [[Eileen Collins]] becomes the first woman to pilot the [[Space Shuttle program|Space Shuttle]] as mission [[STS-63]] gets underway from [[Kennedy Space Center]] in [[Florida]].
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[1998 Cavalese cable car crash|Cavalese cable car disaster]]: A United States military pilot causes the death of 20 people when his low-flying plane cuts the cable of a cable-car near [[Trento]], Italy.<ref>John Tagliabue with Matthew L. Wald, [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/18/world/death-in-the-alps-a-special-report-how-wayward-us-pilot-killed-20-on-ski-lift.html?pagewanted=all "Death in the Alps: a special report.; How Wayward U.S. Pilot Killed 20 on Ski Lift"], ''The New York Times'', 18 February 1998.</ref>
*[[2005]] &ndash; One hundred five people are killed when [[Kam Air Flight 904]] crashes in the [[Pamir Mountains]] in Afghanistan.<ref name="ASN">{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-242 Adv. EX-037 Kabul |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20050203-1 |access-date=2019-09-26 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; A [[February 2007 Al-Saydiya market bombing|Baghdad market bombing]] kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.
*[[2014]] &ndash; Two people are [[2014 Moscow school shooting|shot and killed]] and 29 students are taken hostage at a high school in [[Moscow, Russia]].
*[[2023]] &ndash; [[East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment|2023 Ohio train derailment]]: A freight train containing [[vinyl chloride]] and other hazardous materials derails and burns in [[East Palestine, Ohio]], United States, releasing [[hydrogen chloride]] and [[phosgene]] into the air and contaminating the [[Ohio River]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 11, 2023 |title=Ohio catastrophe is 'wake-up call' to dangers of deadly train derailments |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/feb/11/ohio-train-derailment-wake-up-call |website=The Guardian |access-date=February 23, 2023 |archive-date=February 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213091852/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/feb/11/ohio-train-derailment-wake-up-call |url-status=live }}</ref>