Editing February 9 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[474]] &ndash; [[Zeno (emperor)|Zeno]] is crowned as co-emperor of the [[Byzantine Empire|Eastern Roman Empire]]<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia | url = https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zeno-emperor | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Britannica | title = Zeno | access-date = 8 February 2018}}</ref>
*[[1003]] &ndash; [[Boleslaus III, Duke of Bohemia|Boleslaus III]] is restored to authority with armed support from [[Bolesław I the Brave]] of [[Greater Poland|Poland]].
*[[1098]] &ndash; A [[First Crusade]] army led by [[Bohemond of Taranto]] wins a [[Battle of the Lake of Antioch|major battle]] against the [[Seljuk Empire|Seljuq]] emir [[Ridwan of Aleppo]] during the [[siege of Antioch]]{{sfn|Runciman|1951|pp=225-226}}
*[[1539]] &ndash; The first recorded race is held on [[Chester Racecourse]], known as the Roodee.{{sfn|Saunders, Otley|1863|page=108}}
*[[1555]] &ndash; [[Bishop of Gloucester]] [[John Hooper (bishop)|John Hooper]] is [[burned at the stake]].<ref>{{cite EB1911 |last=Pollard |first=Albert Frederick |wstitle=Hooper, John|volume=13 |page=675–676}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1621]] &ndash; [[Pope Gregory XV|Gregory XV]] becomes [[Pope]], the last Pope [[Papal election|elected]] by [[acclamation (papal elections)|acclamation]].<ref>[http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1616.htm#Ludovisi Pope Gregory XV] (by S. Miranda)</ref>
*[[1654]] &ndash; The [[Capture of Fort Rocher]] takes place during the [[Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)|Anglo-Spanish War]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zA90DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT103|title=Pirate Women: The Princesses, Prostitutes, and Privateers Who Ruled the Seven Seas|first=Laura|last=Duncombe|date=1 April 2017|publisher=[[Chicago Review Press]]|page=103|isbn=9781613736043}}</ref>
*[[1775]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: The [[Parliament of Great Britain|British Parliament]] declares [[Massachusetts]] in rebellion.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cogliano|first=Francis D.|title=Revolutionary America, 1763–1815: A Political History|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=1999|page=47}}</ref>
*[[1778]] &ndash; [[Rhode Island]] becomes the fourth US state to ratify the [[Articles of Confederation]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Hough|first=Franklin Benjamin|author-link=Franklin B. Hough|title=American Constitutions|url=https://archive.org/details/americanconstit00houggoog|year=1872|publisher=Weed, Parsons, & Company|location=Albany|page=[https://archive.org/details/americanconstit00houggoog/page/n25 10]}} References to a 1778 Virginia ratification are based on an error in the Journals of Congress: "The published Journals of Congress print this enabling act of the Virginia assembly under date of Dec. 15, 1778. This error has come from the MS. vol. 9 (History of Confederation), p. 123, Papers of the Continental Congress, Library of Congress." {{cite book|last=Dyer|first=Albion M.|title=First Ownership of Ohio Lands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=byh58dkalw8C&pg=PA1|orig-year=1911|year=2008|publisher=Genealogical Publishing Company|location=Baltimore|isbn=978-0-8063-0098-6|page=10}}</ref>
*[[1822]] &ndash; [[Haiti]] [[Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo|attacks]] the newly established [[Dominican Republic]] on the other side of the island of [[Hispaniola]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/report08boargoog|quote=haiti; island.|title=First Report of the United States - Board of Geographic Names 1890-1891|page=[https://archive.org/details/report08boargoog/page/n52 45]|editor=United States Geographic Board|editor-link=United States Board on Geographic Names|year=1890–1891|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|Washington Government Printing Office]]|access-date=13 September 2015}}</ref>
*[[1825]] &ndash; After no candidate receives a majority of [[U.S. Electoral College|electoral votes]] in [[1824 United States presidential election|the US presidential election of 1824]], the [[United States House of Representatives]] elects [[John Quincy Adams]] as sixth [[President of the United States]] in a [[contingent election]].
*[[1849]] &ndash; The new [[Roman Republic (1849)|Roman Republic]] is declared.
*[[1861]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Jefferson Davis]] is elected the [[President of the Confederate States of America|Provisional President]] of the [[Confederate States of America]] by the [[Provisional Congress of the Confederate States|Provisional Confederate Congress]] at [[Montgomery, Alabama]]
*[[1870]] &ndash; US president [[Ulysses S. Grant]] signs a [[joint resolution]] of [[United States Congress|Congress]] establishing the [[U.S. Weather Bureau]].
*[[1889]] &ndash; US president [[Grover Cleveland]] signs a bill elevating the [[United States Department of Agriculture]] to a [[United States Cabinet|Cabinet]]-level agency.
*[[1893]] &ndash; [[Verdi]]'s last opera, ''[[Falstaff (opera)|Falstaff]]'' premieres at [[La Scala]], [[Milan]].<ref name=klein>{{cite journal|last=Klein|first=John W.|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/911833|title=Verdi and ''Falstaff''|journal=[[The Musical Times]]|date=1 July 1926|volume=67|issue=1001|pages=605–607|doi=10.2307/911833|jstor=911833|url-access=subscription}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
*[[1895]] &ndash; [[William G. Morgan]] creates a game called Mintonette, which soon comes to be referred to as [[volleyball]].
*[[1900]] &ndash; The [[Davis Cup]] competition is established.

===1901–present===
*[[1904]] &ndash; [[Russo-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Port Arthur]] concludes.
*[[1907]] &ndash; The [[Mud March (suffragists)|Mud March]] is the first large procession organised by the [[National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies]] (NUWSS).
*[[1913]] &ndash; A group of [[meteor]]s [[Meteor procession of February 9, 1913|is visible]] across much of the eastern seaboard of the [[Americas]], leading astronomers to conclude the source had been a small, short-lived [[natural satellite]] of the Earth.
*[[1920]] &ndash; Under the terms of the [[Svalbard Treaty]], international diplomacy recognizes Norwegian sovereignty over Arctic archipelago [[Svalbard]], and designates it as [[demilitarized]].
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Brazil]] becomes a member of the [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works|Berne Convention]] [[copyright]] treaty.
*[[1929]] &ndash; Members of the [[Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng]] [[Assassination of Alfred François Bazin|assassinate the labor recruiter Bazin]], prompting a crackdown by [[French Indochina|French colonial authorities]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Rise of Nationalism in Vietnam, 1900&ndash;1941|author-link=William Duiker|first=William|last=Duiker|year=1976|publisher=[[Cornell University]]|location=[[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]]|isbn=0-8014-0951-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/riseofnationalis0000duik/page/160 160&ndash;161]|url=https://archive.org/details/riseofnationalis0000duik/page/160}}</ref>
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Prohibition|Prohibition law]] is abolished in [[Finland]] after a national referendum, where 70% voted for a repeal of the law.<ref>[http://www.mlang.name/arkisto/vakijuomalaki.html Laki väkijuomista (45/1932).] (in Finnish)</ref><ref>S. Sariola, "Prohibition in Finland, 1919–1932; its background and consequences," ''Quarterly Journal of Studies in Alcohol'' (Sep. 1954) 15(3) pp. 477–90</ref>
*[[1934]] &ndash; The [[Balkan Entente]] is formed between [[Kingdom of Greece|Greece]], [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]], [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], and [[Turkey]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Bombing of Genoa in World War II|Bombing of Genoa]]: The [[Cathedral of San Lorenzo]] in [[Genoa]], Italy, is struck by a bomb which fails to detonate.
*[[1942]] &ndash; Year-round [[Daylight saving time]] (aka War Time) is reinstated in the United States as a wartime measure to help conserve energy resources.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/daylight-saving-time-instituted|access-date=9 February 2018|title=Daylight saving time instituted - Feb 09, 1942 - HISTORY.com|quote=On this day, Congress pushes ahead standard time for the United States by one hour in each time zone, imposing daylight saving time–called at the time 'war time.'}}</ref>
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: [[Pacific War]]: [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] authorities declare [[Guadalcanal (Pacific Ocean island)|Guadalcanal]] secure after [[Empire of Japan|Imperial Japan]] evacuates its remaining forces from the island, ending the [[Battle of Guadalcanal]].
*[[1945]] &ndash; World War II: [[Battle of the Atlantic]]: {{HMS|Venturer|P68|6}} [[Action of 9 February 1945|sinks]] ''[[U-864]]'' off the coast of [[Fedje]], Norway, in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat.
*1945 &ndash; World War II: A force of [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] aircraft [[Black Friday (1945)|unsuccessfully attack]] a [[Nazi Germany|German]] destroyer in [[Førdefjorden]], Norway.
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Second Red Scare]]: [[United States Senate|US Senator]] [[Joseph McCarthy]] accuses the [[United States Department of State]] of being filled with [[Communism|Communists]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Senate: "Communists in Government Service," McCarthy Says |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/investigations/mccarthy-hearings/communists-in-government-service.htm |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=www.senate.gov}}</ref>
*[[1951]] &ndash; [[Korean War]]: The two-day [[Geochang massacre]] begins as a battalion of the 11th Division of the [[South Korean Army]] kills 719 unarmed citizens in [[Geochang]], in the [[South Gyeongsang]] district of [[South Korea]].
*[[1959]] &ndash; The [[R-7 Semyorka]], the first [[intercontinental ballistic missile]], becomes operational at [[Plesetsk]], [[Soviet Union|USSR]].
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[The Beatles at the Cavern Club]]: Lunchtime &ndash; [[The Beatles]] perform under this name at [[The Cavern Club]] for the first time following their return to [[Liverpool]] from [[Hamburg]].<ref>[https://www.cavernclub.com/history/1960s/#:~:text=Thursday%209%20February%201961,the%20Cavern%20Club's%20signature%20act The Cavern Club] retrieved 2024-2-1</ref>
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[The Beatles]] make their first appearance on ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]'', performing before a record-setting audience of 73 million viewers across the United States.
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: The [[United States Marine Corps]] sends a [[MIM-23 Hawk]] missile battalion to [[South Vietnam]], the first American troops in-country without an official advisory or training mission.
*[[1971]] &ndash; The 6.5–6.7 {{M|w}} [[1971 San Fernando earthquake|Sylmar earthquake]] hits the [[Greater Los Angeles Area]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of XI (''Extreme''), killing 64 and injuring 2,000.
*  1971   &ndash; [[Satchel Paige]] becomes the first [[negro league baseball|Negro league]] player to be voted into the USA's [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum|Baseball Hall of Fame]].
*  1971   &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: [[Apollo 14]] returns to Earth after the third human Moon landing.
*[[1975]] &ndash; The [[Soyuz 17]] [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[spacecraft]] returns to Earth.
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 3739 (1976)|Aeroflot Flight 3739]], a [[Tupolev Tu-104]], crashes during takeoff from [[International Airport Irkutsk|Irkutsk Airport]], killing 24.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-104A CCCP-42327 Irkutsk Airport (IKT)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760209-0|access-date=2020-02-08|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1978]] &ndash; The [[Budd Company]] unveils its first [[Budd SPV-2000|SPV-2000]] self-propelled railcar in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]].
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Japan Air Lines Flight 350]] crashes near [[Haneda Airport]] in an attempted [[Suicide by pilot|pilot mass murder-suicide]], killing 24 of the 174 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61 JA8061 Tokyo-Haneda Airport (HND)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19820209-0|access-date=2022-02-09|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Halley's Comet]] last appeared in the inner [[Solar System]].
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[February 1987 Palestinian unrest|Civil unrest broke out]] across the [[Occupied Palestinian territories]]. <ref>{{cite web|date=9 February 1987|title=Monday, February 9, 1987|url=https://chronology.palestine-studies.org/node/13129|author-last=|author-first=|access-date=6 January 2025|work=[[Institute for Palestine Studies|The Palestine Chronology]]}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union]]: Voters in [[Lithuania]] [[Lithuanian independence referendum, 1991|vote for independence]] from the [[Soviet Union]].
*[[1996]] &ndash; The [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] declares the end to its 18-month [[ceasefire]] and [[1996 Docklands bombing|explodes a large bomb]] in London's [[Canary Wharf]], killing two people.
*  1996   &ndash; [[Copernicium]] is discovered by [[Sigurd Hofmann]], [[Victor Ninov]] et al.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hofmann|first1=S.|year=1996|title=The new element 112|journal=[[Zeitschrift für Physik A]]|volume=354 |issue=1 |pages=229–230|doi=10.1007/BF02769517|s2cid=119975957|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
*[[2001]] &ndash; The [[Ehime Maru and USS Greeneville collision]] takes place, killing nine of the thirty-five people on board the Japanese [[fishery]] high-school training ship ''Ehime Maru'', leaving the [[USS Greeneville (SSN-772)|USS ''Greeneville'' (SSN-772)]] with [[United States dollar|US $]]2 million in repairs, at [[Pearl Harbor]].<ref name="AP12-APR-01">{{cite journal | title=USS ''Greeneville'' Returns to Sea | journal=Associated Press Online | date=12 April 2001 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.asil.org/insights/volume/6/issue/5/ehime-maru-incident-and-law|last=Schoenbaum|first=Thomas J.|title=The Ehime Maru Incident and the law|journal=ASIL Insights|volume=6|issue=5|date=March 5, 2001|access-date=February 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2017/02/10/9-killed-in-2001-when-a-u-s-sub-hit-japanese-fishing-ship-remembered/|title=9 killed in 2001 when a U.S. sub hit Japanese fishing ship remembered|first=Audrey|last=McAvoy|via=[[Associated Press]]|newspaper=[[Navy Times]]|date=February 10, 2017|access-date=February 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/09/national/us-captain-apologizes-ehime-maru-anniversary/|title=Ex-U.S. captain apologizes for Ehime Maru collision on 20th anniversary|journal=[[The Japan Times]]|date=February 9, 2021|access-date=February 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Navy Salvage Report F/V Ehime Maru|date=October 31, 2006|access-date=February 10, 2021|publisher=[[United States Navy]]|url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Portals/103/Documents/SUPSALV/SalvageReports/FV%20Ehime%20Maru.pdf}}</ref>
*[[2016]] &ndash; Two passenger trains [[Bad Aibling rail accident|collide]] in the German town of [[Bad Aibling]] in the state of [[Bavaria]]. Twelve people die and 85 others are injured.<ref>{{cite news |title=Weiteres Opfer erliegt schweren Verletzungen |url=http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/bad-aibling-nach-zugunglueck-stirbt-weiteres-opfer-a-1086985.html |newspaper=Der Spiegel |date=13 April 2016 |access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[2018 Winter Olympics|Winter Olympics]]: [[2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony|Opening ceremony]] is performed in [[Pyeongchang County]] in [[South Korea]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/olympics-2018-opening-ceremony-peace-motion-kick-off/story?id=52930433|title=Olympics 2018: Opening ceremony 'Peace in Motion' kicks off Pyeongchang Winter Games|website=ABC News}}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; Salvadoran President [[Nayib Bukele]] has the [[Salvadoran Army|army]] soldiers enter the [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]] to assist in pushing for the approval for a better government security plan, causing a brief [[2020 Salvadoran political crisis|political crisis]].<ref name=alj>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/constitutional-crisis-el-salvador-bukele-security-plan-200210183636678.html|title=Constitutional crisis in El Salvador over Bukele's security plan|date=February 10, 2020|access-date=March 7, 2020}}</ref>
*[[2021]] &ndash; [[Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump]] begins.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Walters|first=Joanna|title=Donald Trump will refuse to testify at Senate impeachment trial, lawyers say|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/04/trump-senate-impeachment-trial-testify-house-democrats|date=February 4, 2021|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*[[2025]] - The [[Baltic states]] [[Baltic states synchronization with CESA|synchronize]] their [[electric power transmission]] infrastructure with the [[Continental Europe Synchronous Area]] (CESA), in objective to disconnect from the Russo-Belarussian [[IPS/UPS#BRELL Agreement|agreement]] to use the IPS/UPS system.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ENTSO-E confirms successful synchronization of the Continental European electricity system with the systems of the Baltic countries |url=https://www.entsoe.eu/news/2025/02/09/entso-e-confirms-successful-synchronization-of-the-continental-european-electricity-system-with-the-systems-of-the-baltic-countries/ |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=www.entsoe.eu |language=en-us}}</ref>