Editing Filoli (section)

==History==

===Bourn family===
Filoli was built between 1915 and 1917 for [[William Bowers Bourn II]], owner of one of California's richest gold mines and president of [[Spring Valley Water Company]], which supplied San Francisco's water,<ref>{{Citation |last=McDermott |first=Jeanne |date=March 1984 |title=Filoli |periodical=Horticulture |pages=28–35}}</ref> and his wife, Agnes Moody Bourn. They wanted a country estate nearer to their home in San Francisco.<ref name="McDermott 1984:30">McDermott 1984:30.</ref> The principal designer, San Francisco [[architect]] [[Willis Polk]], used a free [[Georgian architecture|Georgian style]] that incorporated the tiled roofs characteristic of California.<ref>{{Citation |last=Papoulias |first=Alexander |date=April 28, 2008 |title='Country Elegance' in Woodside |periodical= Palo Alto Online |url=http://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/show_story.php?id=7871 }}</ref> Polk had previously designed Bourn's houses in Grass Valley and on Webster Street in San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Architect had designs on San Francisco|url=https://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/article/Architect-had-designs-on-San-Francisco-3255794.php|last=Weinstein|first=Dave|date=January 3, 2009|website=SFGate|access-date=May 4, 2020}}</ref> Polk's friend, artist and designer [[Bruce Porter]], was commissioned to collaborate with the Bourns in planning the gardens, which were laid out between 1917 and 1922. The horticulturist who designed the plantings and fixed the original color schemes was [[Isabella Worn]]; she supervised the garden's maintenance for 35 years.<ref name="McDermott 1984:30"/>

Filoli served as one of the Bourns' residences from 1917 to 1936. The name of the estate is an [[acronym]] formed by combining the first two letters from the key words of William Bourn's credo: "'''Fi'''ght for a just cause; '''Lo'''ve your fellow man; '''Li'''ve a good life."<ref name="Rogers" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=DeVere|first=Julia Bly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2e6DQAAQBAJ|title=Filoli: Family Home; Historic Garden; Living Museum|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2017|isbn=978-1-78442-155-7|pages=11–13}}</ref>

Bourn's Spring Valley Water Company owned [[Crystal Springs Park, California|Crystal Springs Reservoir]] and the surrounding area. Bourn called the Crystal Springs Reservoirs "Spring Valley Lakes" for his company. The original Spring Valley was between Mason and Taylor Streets, and Washington and Broadway Streets in [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], where the water company started. When the company went south for more water, the Spring Valley name was carried south too.<ref>{{cite book |title=California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names |author=Erwin G. Gudde |author2=William Bright |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kqwt5RlMVBoC&q=spring+valley |page=372 |access-date=March 20, 2012 |publisher=University of California Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-520-24217-3 }}</ref>

Bourn also owned [[Muckross House]] in Ireland and is reputed to have used Muckross as a model for Filoli.

=== Roth family and National Trust for Historic Preservation ===
Following the deaths of William and Agnes Bourn in 1936, the estate was sold the following year to Mr. William P. Roth and Mrs. [[Lurline Matson Roth]], heiress to the [[Matson Navigation Company]]. The Roth family built Filoli's botanic collections of camellias, rhododendrons and azaleas, notably in the Woodland Garden, and added the serene swimming pool and the screened-in teahouse.<ref>McDermott 1984:31.</ref> In 1975,<!--1976 given in McDermott 1984--> Mrs. Roth donated the estate in its entirety to the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]], with an endowment that helps support annual operating expenses.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Purvis |first=Andrew |date=May 2019 |title=Filoli: Garden of a Golden Age |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/filoli-garden-of-a-golden-age-14012904/ |access-date=2025-01-06 |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Seehaus |first=Karen |date=March 9, 2005 |title=Spring Fling: Ring in spring at one of the Bay Area's own historic treasures |periodical=The Wave Magazine |location=San Jose, California |volume=05 |issue=5 |page=30 |url=http://www.thewavemag.com/printarticle.php?articleid=25221 |access-date=July 18, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927061642/http://www.thewavemag.com/printarticle.php?articleid=25221 |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref> 

In 2023, Filoli hosted the first meeting on U.S. soil in several years between U.S. President [[Joe Biden]] and Chinese President [[Xi Jinping]] on the sidelines of the [[APEC United States 2023|2023 APEC summit]] in San Francisco.<ref name="Rogers" /> The two world leaders met at Filoli on November 15, 2023, during President Xi's visit to California.<ref name="Rogers" />  Although Filoli had been popular for many years with Asian tourists visiting the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] (due to its gardens and its prominent appearance in the [[opening credits]] of the [[Television program|television series]] ''[[Dynasty (1981 TV series)|Dynasty]]''), the extensive press coverage of the Xi-Biden meeting led to a surge of interest among both Chinese and Chinese American tourists.<ref name="Li">{{cite news |last1=Li |first1=Han |title=Joe Biden and Xi Jinping’s APEC Visit Becomes a Selling Point at This Bay Area Garden |url=https://sfstandard.com/2023/12/06/bay-area-filoli-garden-xi-biden-meeting/ |access-date=January 14, 2024 |work=The San Francisco Standard |date=December 6, 2023}}</ref>