Editing Five solae (section)

==History==
The solae were not systematically articulated together as a set of five until the 20th century;<ref name = Metz143>Metz, Johan Baptiste, "The Church and the World", p. 143.</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=December 2021}} however, ''sola gratia'' and ''sola fide'' were used in conjunction by the Reformers themselves.

In 1554, for example, [[Philip Melanchthon]] wrote, "''sola gratia justificamus et sola fide justificamur''"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Melanchthon |first1=Philipp |year=1834 |title=Philippi Melanthonis Opera quae supersunt omnia - Philipp Melanchthon |url=https://archive.org/details/philippimelanth05bindgoog/page/n205/mode/2up |access-date=2015-08-13}}</ref> ("only by grace do we justify and only by faith are we justified"). All of the solae appear in writings by the Protestant Reformers, but they are not catalogued together by any.<ref>[http://logia.org/blogia/?p=464]   {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531081519/http://logia.org/blogia/?p=464|date=May 31, 2013}}</ref>

In 1916, [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] scholar Theodore Engelder published an article titled "The Three Principles of the Reformation: ''Sola Scriptura, Sola Gratia, Sola Fides''" ("only scripture, only grace, only faith").<ref name="engelder 1916" /> In 1934, Swiss Reformed theologian [[Emil Brunner]] substituted ''Soli Deo gloriam'' for ''Sola Scriptura''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_w_YYplL7YC&pg=PA295 |title=The Mediator: A Study of the Central Doctrine of the Christian Faith - Emil Brunner, Olive Wyon|page=295 |isbn=9780718890490|access-date=2015-08-13|last1=Brunner|first1=Emil|year=1934|publisher=James Clarke & Co. }}</ref> In 1958, historian [[Geoffrey Elton]], summarizing the work of [[John Calvin]], wrote that Calvin had "joined together" the "great watchwords". Elton listed ''sola fide'' with ''sola gratia'' as one term, followed by ''sola scriptura'' and ''soli Deo gloria''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0BBQDbXQsacC |title=the New Cambridge Modern History |year=1958 |access-date=2015-08-13}}</ref> Later, in commenting on [[Karl Barth]]'s theological system, Brunner added ''Christus solus'' to the litany of solas<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rX5jqOjxGRsC&pg=PA221 |title=Dogmatics: Volume III - The Christian Doctrine of the Church, Faith & the Consummation - Emil Brunner, David Cairns, T. H. L. Parker|page=221 |isbn=9780227172193|access-date=2015-08-13|last1=Brunner|first1=Emil|year=2002|publisher=James Clarke & Co. }}</ref> while leaving out ''sola scriptura''. The first time the additional two solae are mentioned{{what|reason=This directly contradicts what has just been said.|date=May 2025}} is in Catholic theologian [[Johann Baptist Metz|Johann Baptiste Metz's]] 1965, ''The Church and the World''.<ref name = Metz143/>{{Primary source inline|date=December 2021}}