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Forth (programming language)
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== Uses == Forth has a niche in astronomical and space applications<ref name="C4Oss">{{Cite web | url=http://forth.gsfc.nasa.gov | title=Space Related Applications of Forth | access-date=2007-09-04 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101024223709/http://forth.gsfc.nasa.gov/ | archive-date=2010-10-24}}</ref> as well as a history in [[embedded system]]s. The [[Open Firmware]] [[boot ROM]]s used by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[IBM]], [[Sun Microsystems|Sun]], and [[OLPC XO|OLPC XO-1]] contain a Forth environment. Forth has often been used to bring up new hardware. Forth was the first [[Resident monitor|resident software]] on the new [[Intel 8086]] chip in 1978, and MacFORTH was the first resident development system for the [[Macintosh 128K]] in 1984.<ref name="evolution" /> [[Atari, Inc.]] used an elaborate animated demo written in Forth to showcase capabilities of the [[Atari 8-bit computers]] in department stores.<ref>{{cite web |title=Atari In-Store Demonstration Program |url=http://www.atarimania.com/demo-atari-400-800-xl-xe-in-store-demonstration-program_19329.html |website=Atari Mania}}</ref> [[Electronic Arts]] published multiple video games in the 1980s that were written in Forth, including ''[[Worms?]]'' (1983),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maynard |first1=David S. |title=David Maynard: Software Artist |url=https://www.software-artist.com}}</ref> ''[[Adventure Construction Set]]'' (1984),<ref>{{cite podcast |url=https://appletimewarp.libsyn.com/episode-9-stuart-smith |title=Time Warp: Episode 9 - Stuart Smith |host=John Romero |date=2020-09-23 |time=29:02}}</ref> ''[[Amnesia_(1986_video_game)|Amnesia]]'' (1986),<ref>{{cite book |last=Aycock |first=John |year=2023 |title=Amnesia Remembered: Reverse Engineering a Digital Artifact |url=https://www.berghahnbooks.com/title/AycockAmnesia |publisher=Berghahn Books |page=79 |isbn=978-1800738676}}</ref> ''[[Starflight]]'' (1986),<ref name=maher/> and ''[[Lords of Conquest]]'' (1986). Robot coding game ''[[ChipWits]]'' (1984) was written in MacFORTH.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sharp |first1=Doug |title=FORTH Programming Language (Going FORTH) |date=8 April 2023 |url=https://chipwits.com/2023/04/08/forth-programming-language-going-forth/}}</ref> [[Ashton-Tate#RapidFile|Ashton-Tate's RapidFile]] (1986), a flat-file database program, and VP-Planner<ref>{{cite web |title=FORTH GETS ITS OWN SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP |url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/forth_gets_its_own_special_interest_group |website= Tech Monitor|date=6 February 1989 }}</ref> from [[Paperback Software International]] (1983), a spreadsheet program competing with [[Lotus 1-2-3]], were written in Forth. The [[Canon Cat]] (1987) uses Forth for its system programming. [[Rockwell International|Rockwell]] produced single-chip microcomputers with resident Forth kernels: the R65F11 and R65F12. ASYST was a Forth expansion for measuring and controlling on PCs.<ref name="Rwirj">Campbell et al, "Up and Running with Asyst 2.0", MacMillan Software Co., 1987</ref>
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