Editing French Republican calendar (section)

==History==
The [[National Constituent Assembly (France)|National Constituent Assembly]] at first intended to create a new calendar marking the "era of Liberty", beginning on 14 July 1789, the date of the [[storming of the Bastille]]. However, on 2 January 1792 its successor the [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]] decided that Year IV of Liberty had begun the day before. Year I had therefore begun on 1 January 1789.

On 21 September 1792 the [[French First Republic]] was [[Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy|proclaimed]], and the new [[National Convention]] decided that 1792 was to be known as Year I of the French Republic. It decreed on 2 January 1793 that Year II of the Republic had begun the day before. However, the new calendar as adopted by the Convention in October 1793 made 22 September 1792 the first day of Year I. The [[Common Era]],  commemorating the birth of [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]], was abolished and replaced with {{lang|fr|l'ère républicaine}}, the Republican Era, signifying the "age of reason" overcoming superstition, as part of the [[Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution|campaign of dechristianisation]]. 

The calendar is frequently named the "French Revolutionary Calendar" because it was created during the revolution, but this is a slight misnomer. In France, it is known as the ''calendrier républicain'' as well as the ''calendrier révolutionnaire''. There was initially a debate as to whether the calendar should celebrate the revolution, which began in July 1789, or the Republic, which was established in 1792.<ref>{{cite book |title=Le calendrier républicain: de sa création à sa disparition |date=1994 |publisher=Bureau des longitudes |isbn=978-2-910015-09-1 |page=19}}</ref> Immediately following 14 July 1789, papers and pamphlets started calling 1789 year I of Liberty and the following years II and III. It was in 1792, with the practical problem of dating financial transactions, that the legislative assembly was confronted with the problem of the calendar. Originally, the choice of epoch was either 1 January 1789 or 14 July 1789. After some hesitation the assembly decided on 2 January 1792 that all official documents would use the "era of Liberty" and that the year IV of Liberty started on 1 January 1792. This usage was modified on 22 September 1792 when the Republic was proclaimed and the Convention decided that all public documents would be dated Year I of the French Republic. The decree of 2 January 1793 stipulated that the year II of the Republic began on 1 January 1793; this was revoked with the introduction of the calendar, which set 22 September 1793 as the beginning of year II. The establishment of the Republic was used as the epochal date for the calendar; therefore, the calendar commemorates the Republic, and not the Revolution.

The [[Concordat of 1801]] re-established the Roman Catholic Church as an official institution in France, although not as the state religion of France.<ref>{{cite book |author=Antoine Augustin Renouard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oUoMAAAAIAAJ |title=Manuel pour la concordance des calendriers républicain et grégorien |date=1822 |publisher=A. A. Renouard |edition=2 |access-date=14 September 2009}}</ref> The concordat took effect from Easter Sunday, 28 Germinal, Year XI (8 April 1802); it restored the names of the days of the week to the ones from the [[Gregorian calendar]], and fixed [[Sunday]] as the official day of rest and religious celebration.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 November 2007 |title=Concordat de 1801 Napoleon Bonaparte religion en france Concordat de 1801 |url=http://www.roi-president.com/bio/bio-fait-Concordat%20de%201801.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910112012/http://www.roi-president.com/bio/bio-fait-Concordat%20de%201801.html |archive-date=10 September 2012 |access-date=30 January 2009 |publisher=Roi-president.com}}</ref> However, the other attributes of the republican calendar, the months, and years, remained as they were. 

The First Republic ended with the [[coronation of Napoleon|coronation of Napoleon I as emperor]] on 11 Frimaire, Year XIII, or 2 December 1804. Despite this, the republican calendar continued to be used until 1 January 1806, when Napoleon declared it abolished. It was used again briefly in the ''[[Journal officiel]]'' for some dates during a short period of the [[Paris Commune]], 6–23 May 1871 (16 Floréal–3 Prairial Year LXXIX).<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yT5AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA324 |title=Réimpression du Journal Officiel de la République française sous la Commune du 19 mars au 24 mai 1871 |publisher=V. Bunel |year=1871 |pages=477– |access-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527074323/https://books.google.com/books?id=yT5AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA324#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-date=27 May 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>