Editing Fuad II of Egypt (section)

==Birth and reign==
[[File:Farouk nariman10.jpg|thumb|left|[[King Farouk]] and [[Narriman Sadek|Queen Narriman]] with Prince Fuad, January 1952]]
The son of [[King Farouk]] and his second wife [[Narriman Sadek|Queen Narriman]], [[Crown Prince]] Ahmed Fuad{{Efn|Fuad's full name is Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali.<ref name="Rosten2015">{{Cite book |title=The Last Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative History of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 to 1953 |last=Rosten |first=David B. |isbn=9781491779392 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7guCwAAQBAJ |year=2015|publisher=iUniverse }}</ref>{{Rp|page=129}}|group=lower-alpha}} was born on 16 January 1952 in [[Abdeen Palace]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} He was delivered at 8:30{{nbsp}}a.m. and named after his grandfather [[Fuad I]].<ref name="FaroukHeir">{{Cite news |date=17 January 1952 |title=King Farouk Has An Heir At Last |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |volume=35 |issue=591 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/18252377 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> Fuad had three half-sisters from Farouk's previous marriage with [[Queen Farida]]: princesses [[Farial of Egypt|Farial]], [[Princess Fawzia Farouk of Egypt|Fawzia]] and [[Fadia of Egypt|Fadia]]. As women could not inherit the Egyptian throne, Farouk's first cousin, [[Mohammed Ali Tewfik|Prince Mohammed Ali Tewfik]], was [[heir presumptive]] until Fuad's birth.<ref name="FaroukHeir" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bardakçı |first=Murat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrRSDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA164 |title=Neslishah: The Last Ottoman Princess |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-977-416-837-6 |page=164 |language=en}}</ref> Immediately following his birth, Fuad was granted the title of [[Prince of the Sa'id]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1952 |title=Queen Narriman of Egypt Has Son; Joyful Nation Greets Farouk's Heir; 6 1/2-Pound Crown Prince Named Ahmed Fuad After Grandfather, the Late King – 101-Gun Salute Sounds Over Cairo |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/01/17/archives/queen-narriman-of-egypt-has-son-joyful-nation-greets-farouks-heir-6.html |access-date=2022-12-10 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=28 January 1952 |title=Egypt: Blessed Day |language=en-US |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,806274,00.html |access-date=10 December 2022 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref> He was styled accordingly as Ahmed Fuad, Prince of the Sa'id.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Farouk's heir |volume=39 |page=34 |work=[[Newsweek]] |year=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xN0M7iMTl0AC |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>

On 23 July 1952, the [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|Free Officers]] led by [[Mohamed Naguib]] and [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] started the beginning the [[Egyptian revolution of 1952|Egyptian revolution]] to dispose the Muhammad Ali non-Egyptian dynasty.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Morgan |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpIgDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA460 |title=History of the Coptic Orthodox People and the Church of Egypt |date= 2016 |publisher=FriesenPress |isbn=978-1-4602-8027-0 |page=460 |language=en |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> On 26 July, Farouk was ordered to abdicate in favour of the crown prince and leave Egypt.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crompton |first=Paul |date=25 January 2014 |title=The overthrow of Egypt's King Farouk: a dramatic departure from power |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/perspective/features/2014/01/25/The-overthrow-of-the-king-Farouk-s-dramatic-departure-from-power |access-date=10 December 2022 |website=Al Arabiya English |language=en}}</ref> Farouk abdicated and went into [[exile]] in Italy. His family, including Fuad, joined him in exile.<ref name=":10" /> By stepping down, Farouk had wished that the forces opposing the monarchy would be placated, and that Fuad could unify the country during his reign.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=129}}

===Regency===
On Farouk's abdication, the army proclaimed that Fuad was now King Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan, at only 6 months of age.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=4 August 1952 |title=Farouk abdicates |volume=33 |page=32 |work=[[LIFE Magazine]] |issue=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YFYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA32 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>{{Efn|It was also reported that Fuad was proclaimed as King Ahmed Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan.<ref>{{Cite news |title=British warships sail for Egypt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2011/jul/28/archive-british-warships-head-to-egypt-1952 |date=28 July 1952 |access-date=10 December 2022 |work=[[Manchester Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Unicorn Book of 1952 |publisher=Unicorn Books |year=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muYkAQAAMAAJ |others=Joseph Laffan Morse |page=226 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Britannica Book of the Year 1953 |publisher=[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]] |year=1953 |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/britannicabookof030444mbp |page=10 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>|group=lower-alpha}} The country was now ruled by Nasser, Naguib and the other Free Officers.<ref name=":0" /> Naguib promised to maintain a [[constitutional monarchy]] with a [[regency council]] holding power until Fuad [[came of age]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 August 1952 |title=Simple life for a King |volume=33 |page=24 |work=Life Magazine |issue=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TFYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> Fuad's constitutional powers were assumed by the [[Cabinet of Egypt|Cabinet]] until 2 August 1952, when a regency body, but not a council, was established.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Rizk |first=Yunan Labib |date=27 January – 2 February 2005 |title=Royal help |work=[[Al-Ahram]] |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm |access-date=10 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051024020743/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm |archive-date=24 October 2005}}</ref> Prince [[Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] was appointed [[regent]] and led the body.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=94}} The regency body had no actual powers, however, these having been effectively assumed by the [[Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council|Revolutionary Command Council]] which was led by Naguib. The body was dissolved on 7 September 1952 and Moneim was appointed the sole [[prince regent]], though he still had no actual powers when serving in this role.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=94}}

The monarchy was [[Declaration of the Republic|formally abolished]] on 18 June 1953: Egypt was declared a republic for the first time in its history, and Naguib became its first ever [[President of Egypt|President]]. Fuad was officially deposed and stripped of his royal titles.