Editing GMC (automobile) (section)

== History ==
Roots to the GMC brand can be traced to 1900, when the "Grabowsky Motor Company" was established<ref name="auto">Steven Rossi, Antique Automobile, Vol. 85 no. 5, September/October 2021, p. 34</ref> by brothers Max (1874-1946) and Morris Grabowsky,<ref name="auto"/> in Detroit, and renamed [[Rapid Motor Vehicle Company]] in 1902 when the brothers moved operations to [[Pontiac, Michigan]]. In 1909, [[William C. Durant]] gained control of Rapid Motor Vehicle Company and made it a subsidiary of his [[History of General Motors|General Motors Company]].

In 1911, General Motors formed the "General Motors Truck Company" and folded Rapid and [[Reliance (automobile)|Reliance Motor Car Company]] (another early commercial vehicle manufacturer that Durant had acquired in 1908) into it. In 1912, the Rapid and Reliance names were dropped in favor of "GMC". All General Motors truck production was consolidated at the former Rapid Motor [[Pontiac West Assembly|Plant 1]] in Pontiac, Michigan.<ref>{{cite web |title=The First Century of GMC Truck History |url=https://www.gmheritagecenter.com/docs/gm-heritage-archive/historical-brochures/GMC/100_YR_GMC_HISTORY_MAR09.pdf |website=GM Heritage Center |publisher=Donald Meyer |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref>

GMC maintained three manufacturing locations in Pontiac, Michigan, [[Oakland, California]], and [[St. Louis, Missouri]] {{when|date=June 2023}}.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

[[File:Gmc trucks 1920 ad.jpg|thumb|left|170px|1920 GMC advertisement]]
In 1916, a GMC truck crossed the country from [[Seattle]] to [[New York City]] in thirty days, and in 1926, a 2-ton GMC truck was driven from New York to [[San Francisco]] in five days and 30 minutes. During the [[First World War]], the company provided the Model 16 3/4-ton truck,<ref>{{cite web |title=Vintage truck models of GMC |url=https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/03/30/g-m-truck-company1936/ |website=The Vintage News |date=30 March 2016 |access-date=20 September 2020}}</ref> and modified its production to provide 1-ton troop carriers and aviation support vehicles, and by 1918, more than 90 percent of GMC truck production was for military use. GMTC provided a total of 8,512 trucks to the U.S. government during the war years and earned a [[Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)|Distinguished Service Award]].<ref>{{cite web |title=GMC's Centennial 1921-2012 |url=http://www.trucktrend.com/features/163-1302-gmcs-centennial-1912-to-2012 |website=Motortrend |date=21 December 2012 |publisher=Motor Trend Group LLC |access-date=20 September 2020}}</ref> During the [[Second World War]], GMC Truck produced 600,000 trucks for use by the [[United States Armed Forces]].

In 1923, GMC trucks were exported to Japan to help recovery and reconstruction as a result of the [[1923 Great Kantō earthquake|Great Kantō earthquake]], and the company continued to provide vehicles as the transportation infrastructure was rebuilt. Before the earthquake struck, most of Japan's transportation of commerce and people was by wooden carts and government owned railroads, which were severely damaged when the train tracks were twisted beyond use. Autonomous trucks were much more effective at traveling to heavily damaged areas.<ref name="autonews.com">[https://www.autonews.com/article/20080331/OEM02/303319962/yanase-opened-japan-to-western-cars Yanase opened Japan to Western cars], ''Automotive News'', March 31, 2008</ref>

[[File:Standard Oil Crown Gasoline GMC Model K52 truck 1925.jpg|thumb|A "Crown Gasoline" (Crown Central Petroleum)'s General Motors truck Model K52 in 1925]]
In 1925, GM purchased a controlling interest in [[Yellow Coach]], a bus and taxicab manufacturer based in Chicago, Illinois which was founded by [[John D. Hertz]]. The company was renamed Yellow Truck & Coach Manufacturing Company (YT&CMC), an affiliated subsidiary of [[General Motors]]. All manufacturing operations of General Motors Truck Company were placed under YT&CMC. In 1928, Plant 2 opened and all headquarters staff moved to the administration building at 660 South Boulevard E in Pontiac, MI. In 1943, GM purchased the remaining interest in YT&CMC and renamed it GMC Truck and Coach Division.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Theobald |first1=Mark |title=Yellow Coach Part 1 |url=http://www.coachbuilt.com/bui/y/yellow_coach/yellow_coach.htm |website=Coachbuilt |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref>

In 1981, GMC Truck & Coach Division became part of GM Worldwide Truck & Bus Group.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}
[[Bus]] production ended in May 1987 and the division name was changed from GMC Truck & Coach to GMC Truck Division. The Canadian plant (in [[London, Ontario]]) produced buses from 1962 until July 1987. GM withdrew from the bus and coach market because of increased competition in the late 1970s and 1980s. Rights to the [[Rapid Transit Series|RTS]] model were sold to [[Transportation Manufacturing Corporation]], while [[Motor Coach Industries]] of Canada purchased the [[Classic (transit bus)|Classic]] design.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Bus World Encyclopedia of Buses |last=Stauss |first=Ed |year=1988 |publisher=Stauss Publications |location=Woodland Hills, CA |isbn=0-9619830-0-0 |pages=29–32, 87, 102–105}}</ref> In 1998, GMC's official branding on vehicles was shortened from "GMC Truck" to simply "GMC". {{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

In 1996, GM merged GMC Truck Division with the [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac Motor Division]] in order to "give the combined division a brand image projecting physical power and outdoor activity".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bradsher |first1=Keith |title=G.M. to Merge GMC Division With Pontiac |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/20/business/gm-to-merge-gmc-division-with-pontiac.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 20, 1996}}</ref>  This coincided with many GMC dealerships merging with Pontiac dealerships, allowing a single dealer to offer both trucks and entry-to-mid-level cars, using a similar approach already in use by [[Chevrolet]].{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

In 2002, GMC celebrated its 100th anniversary and released a book entitled ''GMC: The First 100 Years'', a complete history of the company.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

In 2007, GMC introduced the [[GMC Acadia|Acadia]], a [[crossover SUV]], which was the division's second [[unibody]] vehicle (after the Vandura) whose predecessor, the GMT-360 based [[GMC Envoy|Envoy]], was discontinued with the closure of GM's [[Moraine Assembly#Plant closure|Moraine, Ohio plant]] on December 23, 2008.

In 2009, GMC ended production of medium-duty commercial trucks after over 100 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=GM Getting Out of Medium-Duty Truck Business |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna31170969 |website=NBCNews.com |date=8 June 2009 |publisher=Associated Press |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> They became exclusive to Chevrolet with the launch of the 4500HD/5500HD Silverado in 2018.<ref>[http://gmauthority.com/blog/2018/01/no-plans-for-gmc-version-of-2019-silverado-4500hd-5500hd-medium-duty-trucks/ No Plans For GMC Versions Of 2019 Silverado 4500HD, 5500HD Medium Duty Truck] from GM Authority (January 22, 2018)</ref> Also in 2009, GMC introduced the [[GMC Terrain|Terrain]], a mid-size crossover SUV based on the [[GM Theta platform]] shared with the [[Chevrolet Equinox]].  It replaced the [[Pontiac Torrent]] after the brand's demise.

In 2020, General Motors announced the return of the Hummer nameplate, this time as a sub-brand of GMC instead of a stand-alone division.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/hummer-electric-return-gmc-super-bowl-trailer-lebron-james/|title=Hummer's electrifying return teased in GMC Super Bowl trailer|last=Paukert|first=Chris|website=Roadshow|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref> The Hummer lineup includes two models, an electric pickup truck and SUV, to be sold as the "[[GMC Hummer EV]]". According to GM, the Edition 1 production electric pickup truck will feature 1,000 horsepower, hit 60&nbsp;mph in 3 seconds and is scheduled to launch in late 2021. The new Hummer EV was revealed on October 20, 2020.

In 2022, the GMC brand was introduced in [[South Korea]] as a subsidiary of [[GM Korea]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2022/06/gmc-starts-marketing-push-in-south-korea/ |title=GMC Starts Marketing Push In South Korea |first=Deivis |last=Centeno |date=June 20, 2022 |work=GM Authority |publisher=Motrolix |access-date=June 23, 2022}}</ref>

In 2025, the GMC brand was introduced in [[China]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2025 GMC Yukon To Launch In China At Guangzhou Auto Show |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/11/2025-gmc-yukon-to-launch-in-china-at-guangzhou-auto-show/ |website=GM Authority}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GM to launch sales of imported GMC Yukon this month |url=https://www.autonews.com/china/an-china-gm-import-gmc-launch/ |website=[[Automotive News]] China}}</ref>