Editing Germ layer (section)

== History ==
[[File:Remak "Untersuchungen uber die...", 1855 Wellcome L0014201.jpg|thumb|Cleavage and division of the cell of an egg of a vertebrate (Remak, 1855).]]

[[Caspar Friedrich Wolff]] observed organization of the early embryo in leaf-like layers. In 1817, [[Heinz Christian Pander]] discovered three primordial germ layers while studying chick embryos. Between 1850 and 1855, [[Robert Remak]] had further refined the germ cell layer (''Keimblatt'') concept, stating that the external, internal and middle layers form respectively the epidermis, the gut, and the intervening musculature and vasculature.<ref>Remak, R. (1855). ''Untersuchungen über die Entwickelung der Wirbelthiere''. Berlin: G. Reimer. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Kknf7ZRHzagC link].</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1002/ca.980080610| pmid=8713164|title = The terminology of early development: History, concepts, and current usage| journal=Clinical Anatomy| volume=8| issue=6| pages=418–425|year = 1995|last1 = Collins|first1 = P.| last2=Billett| first2=F. S.| s2cid=23450709}}</ref><ref>Weyers, Wolfgang (2002). 150 Years of cell division. ''Dermatopathology: Practical & Conceptual'', Vol. 8, No. 2. [https://www.derm101.com/dpc-archive/april-june-2002-volume-8-no-2/dpc0802a14-150-years-of-cell-division/ link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402014854/https://www.derm101.com/dpc-archive/april-june-2002-volume-8-no-2/dpc0802a14-150-years-of-cell-division/ |date=2019-04-02 }}.</ref> The term "[[mesoderm]]" was introduced into English by [[T. H. Huxley|Huxley]] in 1871, and "[[ectoderm]]" and "[[endoderm]]" by [[Ray Lankester|Lankester]] in 1873.