Editing Glass microsphere (section)

== Application ==
Microspheres have been used to produce focal regions, known as [[photonic nanojets]]<ref> B. S. Luk’yanchuk et al. [https://www.osapublishing.org/ome/fulltext.cfm?uri=ome-7-6-1820&id=366587 "Refractive index less than two: photonic nanojets yesterday, today and tomorrow (Invited)"] ''Optical Materials Express'', 7(6), 1820 (2017).</ref> and whose sizes are large enough to support internal resonances, but at the same time small enough, so that geometrical optics cannot be applied for studying their properties. Previous research has demonstrated experimentally and with simulations the use of microspheres in order to increase the signal intensity obtained in different experiments. A confirmation of the photonic jet in the microwave scale, observing the backscattering enhancement that occurred when metallic particles were introduced in the focus area.  A measurable enhancement of the backscattered light in the visible range was obtained when a gold [[nanoparticle]] was placed inside the photonic nanojet region produced by a dielectric microsphere with a 4.4 μm diameter. A use of nanojets produced by transparent microspheres in order to excite optical active materials, under [[Photon upconversion|upconversion]] processes with different numbers of excitation photons, has been analyzed as well.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Pérez-Rodríguez|first=C.|author2=Imanieh, M.H. |author3=Martín, L.L |author4=Ríos, S. |author5=Martín, I.R. |author6= Yekta, Bijan Eftekhari |title=Study of the focusing effect of silica microspheres on the upconversion of Er3+–Yb3+ codoped glass ceramics|journal=Journal of Alloys and Compounds|date=November 2013|volume=576|pages=363–368|doi=10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.222}}</ref>

'''Monodisperse glass microspheres''' have high sphericity and a very tight particle size distribution, often with CV<10% and specification of >95% of particles in size range. Monodisperse glass particles are often used as spacers in adhesives and coatings, such as bond line spacers in epoxies. Just a small amount of spacer grade monodisperse microspheres can create a controlled gap, as well as define and maintain specified bond line thickness. Spacer grade particles can also be used as calibration standards and tracer particles for qualifying medical devices. High quality spherical glass microspheres are often used in gas plasma displays, automotive mirrors, electronic displays, flip chip technology, filters, microscopy, and electronic equipment.

Other applications include [[syntactic foam]]s<ref>H. S. Kim and Mahammad Azhar Khamis, “Fracture and impact behaviour of hollow micro-sphere/epoxy resin composites”, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol 32A, No 9, pp. 1311-1317, 2001.</ref> and particulate [[composite material|composites]] and reflective paints.