Editing Global optimization (section)

== Applications ==
Typical examples of global optimization applications include:
* [[Protein structure prediction]] (minimize the energy/free energy function)
* [[Computational phylogenetics]] (e.g., minimize the number of character transformations in the tree)
* [[Traveling salesman problem]] and electrical circuit design (minimize the path length)
* [[Chemical engineering]] (e.g., analyzing the [[Gibbs free energy|Gibbs energy]])
* Safety verification, [[safety engineering]] (e.g., of mechanical structures, buildings)
* [[Worst case|Worst-case analysis]]
* Mathematical problems (e.g., the [[Kepler conjecture]])
* Object packing (configuration design) problems
* The starting point of several [[molecular dynamics]] simulations consists of an initial optimization of the energy of the system to be simulated.
* [[Spin glass]]es
* Calibration of [[radio propagation models]] and of many other models in the sciences and engineering
* [[Curve fitting]] like [[non-linear least squares]] analysis and other generalizations, used in fitting model parameters to experimental data in chemistry, physics, biology, economics, finance, medicine, astronomy, engineering.
*[[Radiation therapy#Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)|IMRT]] radiation therapy planning