Editing Glycogenesis (section)

==Steps==
[[File:Glycogenesis.png|thumb]]
* [[Glucose]] is converted into [[glucose 6-phosphate]] by the action of [[glucokinase]] or [[hexokinase]] with conversion of ATP to ADP.
* Glucose-6-phosphate is converted into [[glucose-1-phosphate]] by the action of [[phosphoglucomutase]], passing through the obligatory intermediate [[glucose-1,6-bisphosphate]].
* Glucose-1-phosphate is converted into [[UDP-glucose]] by the action of the enzyme [[UTP—glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase|UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase]]. [[Pyrophosphate]] is formed, which is later hydrolysed by [[pyrophosphatase]] into two phosphate molecules.
* The enzyme [[glycogenin]] is needed to create initial short glycogen chains, which are then lengthened and branched by the other enzymes of glycogenesis. [[Glycogenin]], a homodimer, has a [[tyrosine]] residue on each subunit that serves as the anchor for the reducing end of glycogen. Initially, about seven UDP-glucose molecules are added to each tyrosine residue by glycogenin, forming α(1→4) bonds.
* Once a chain of seven glucose monomers is formed, [[glycogen synthase]] binds to the growing glycogen chain and adds UDP-glucose to the 4-hydroxyl group of the glucosyl residue on the non-reducing end of the glycogen chain, forming more α(1→4) bonds in the process.
* Branches are made by [[glycogen branching enzyme]] (also known as amylo-α(1:4)→α(1:6)transglycosylase), which transfers the end of the chain onto an earlier part via α-1:6 glycosidic bond, forming branches, which further grow by addition of more α-1:4 glycosidic units.
{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="text-align:left"
! Metabolism of common [[monosaccharide]]s, including [[glycolysis]], [[gluconeogenesis]], glycogenesis and [[glycogenolysis]]
|-
|[[File:Metabolism of common monosaccharides, and related reactions.png|none|1000px]]
|}