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Grading in education
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== Significance == In some countries, grades are [[averaged]] to create a <!-- "Grade point average" redirects here - this term is bolded per MOS:BOLD -->'''grade point average''' ('''GPA''').<ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of Grade Point Average |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/grade%20point%20average |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref> GPA is calculated by using the number of grade points a student earns in a given period of time. A GPA is often calculated for [[high school]], [[undergraduate]], and [[graduate school|graduate]] students. A '''cumulative grade point average''' ('''CGPA''') is the average of all the GPAs a student has achieved during their time at the institution.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-07 |title=What is GPA? |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/what-gpa |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=Student |language=en}}</ref> Students are sometimes required to maintain a certain GPA in order to be admitted to a certain academic program or to remain in that program. Grades are also used in decisions to provide a student with financial aid or a scholarship.<ref name=":6" /> Grades are seen as an indicator for academic success and ability, and GPA is thought to indicate future job effectiveness and success.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last1=Al-Asmar |first1=Ayah A. |last2=Oweis |first2=Yara |last3=Ismail |first3=Noor H. |last4=Sabrah |first4=Alaa H. A. |last5=Abd-Raheam |first5=Islam M. |date=December 2021 |title=The predictive value of high school grade point average to academic achievement and career satisfaction of dental graduates |journal=BMC Oral Health |language=en |volume=21 |issue=1 |page=300 |doi=10.1186/s12903-021-01662-5 |doi-access=free |pmid=34118913 |pmc=8196503 |issn=1472-6831}}</ref> In addition, research has shown a correlation between GPA and future [[Job satisfaction]].<ref name=":7" /> Studies have also shown that a higher GPA leads to a higher income.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zou |first1=Tao |last2=Zhang |first2=Yue |last3=Zhou |first3=Bo |date=2022-04-12 |title=Does GPA matter for university graduates' wages? New evidence revisited |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=e0266981 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0266981 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=9004755 |pmid=35413073|bibcode=2022PLoSO..1766981Z }}</ref>
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