Editing Grenache (section)

==History==
[[File:Imperi de la Corona d'Aragó.png|left|thumb|300px|The early history of Grenache is closely linked to the lands under the [[Crown of Aragon]].]]
Grenache or Garnacha (as it is known in Spain) most likely originated in the region of [[Aragon]] in northern Spain, according to [[ampelographical]] evidence.<ref name="SLSA" /> Plantings probably spread from the original birthplace to [[Catalonia (wine)|Catalonia]] and other lands under the [[Crown of Aragon]] such as [[Sardinia]] and [[Roussillon]] in southern France. An early [[synonym]] for the vine was ''Tinto Aragonés'' (red of Aragon). The grape is known as Cannonau in Sardinia, where it is claimed that it originated there according to recent archaeological finds,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lastampa.it/cronaca/2016/12/10/news/e-il-vino-sardo-il-piu-antico-del-mondo-prove-di-una-specie-di-cannonau-di-quasi-tremila-anni-fa-1.34753986/ | title=È il vino sardo il più antico del mondo, prove di una specie di Cannonau di quasi tremila anni fa | date=December 10, 2016 }}</ref> and spread to other Mediterranean lands under Aragon rule.<ref name="Oxford pp 297-298, 333-334"/> Grenache, under its Spanish synonym Garnacha, was already well established on both sides of the [[Pyrenees]] when the [[Roussillon]] region was annexed by [[France]]. From there the vine made its way through the [[Languedoc (wine)|Languedoc]] and to the Southern [[Rhone (wine)|Rhone]] region where it was well established by the 19th century. Despite its prevalence in nearby [[Navarra (wine)|Navarre]] and Catalonia, Garnacha was not widely planted in the [[Rioja (wine)|Rioja]] till the early 20th century as vineyards were replanted following the [[phylloxera epidemic]].<ref name="Oxford pp 297-298, 333-334"/>

Grenache was one of the first varieties to be introduced to [[Australia (wine)|Australia]] in the 18th century and eventually became the country's most widely planted red wine grape variety until it was surpassed by [[Shiraz (grape)|Shiraz]] in the mid-1960s.<ref name="Clarke pp 91-100">{{cite book |author1=Clarke, Oz |author2=Rand, Margaret |title=Grapes and Wines: The Definitive Guide to the World's Great Grapes and the Wines They Make |publisher=Harvest Books |date=2007-05-07 |isbn= 978-0-1560-3291-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/ozclarkesgrapesw0000clar/mode/2up |pages=[https://archive.org/details/ozclarkesgrapesw0000clar/page/91/mode/2up 91-100] |ref=Clarke2007}}</ref> Early Australian Grenache was a main component of the sweet fortified wines that were the lynchpin of the early Australian wine industry. In the 19th century, [[California wine]] growers prized the vine's ability to produce high [[Yield (wine)|yields]] and withstand heat and [[drought]] conditions. The grape was extensively planted throughout the hot [[San Joaquin Valley]] where it was mainly used as a blending component for pale, sweet [[jug wine]]s. In the late 20th century, the [[Rhone Rangers]] movement brought attention to the production of premium [[varietal]] Grenache and Rhone style blends modeled after the Grenache dominate wines of [[Châteauneuf-du-Pape (AOC)|Châteauneuf-du-Pape]].<ref name="Oxford pp 297-298, 333-334"/> In the early 20th century, Grenache was one of the first ''[[Vitis vinifera]]'' grapes to be successfully vinified during the early development of the [[Washington wine]] industry with a 1966 [[Yakima Valley (AVA)|Yakima Valley]] ''rosé'' earning mention in wine historian [[Leon Adams]] treatise ''The Wines of America''.<ref name="Gregutt pp 67-68">{{cite book |author=Gregutt, Paul |title=Washington Wines and Wineries: The Essential Guide |publisher=University of California Press |date=2010-10-10 |isbn=978-05-2-026138-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/washingtonwinesw0000greg |pages=[https://archive.org/details/washingtonwinesw0000greg/page/67/mode/2up 67-68] |ref=Gregutt2010}}</ref>