Editing Guarneri (section)

==Family members==
* '''[[Andrea Guarneri]]''' ({{c.}} 1626 – 7 December 1698) was an apprentice in the workshop of [[Nicolò Amati]] from 1641 to 1646 and returned to make violins for Amati from 1650 to 1654. His early instruments are generally based on the "Grand Amati" pattern but struggled to achieve the sophistication of Amati's own instruments. Andrea Guarneri produced some fine violas. The [[The ex-Primrose Guarneri viola|ex-Primrose Viola]], which was played by [[William Primrose]], bears Andrea's label but may have been made by his son Giuseppe.

Two of Andrea's sons continued the father's traditions:

* '''[[Pietro Giovanni Guarneri]]''' (''Pietro da Mantova'') (18 February 1655 – 26 March 1720) worked in his father's workshop from around 1670 until his marriage in 1677. He was established in [[Mantua]] by 1683, where he worked both as a musician and a violin maker. His instruments are generally finer than his father's, but are rare owing to his double profession. [[Joseph Szigeti]] played one of his instruments.
*'''[[Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Guarneri]]''' (''filius Andreae'') (25 November 1666 – 1739 or 1740), Andrea's younger son, joined his father's business in Cremona, inheriting it in 1698. He is reckoned among the great violin makers, although he struggled to compete with Stradivari, a pervasive presence throughout his career. From around 1715 he was assisted by his sons, and probably Carlo Bergonzi.

Giuseppe Giovanni Battista was father to two further instrument makers:

* '''[[Pietro Guarneri]]''' (''Pietro da Venezia'') (14 April 1695 – 7 April 1762), finding life in Casa Guarneri in some way uncongenial, left Cremona for good in 1718, eventually settling in Venice. Here he blended the Cremonese techniques of his father with Venetian, perhaps working with [[Domenico Montagnana]] and [[Carlo Annibale Tononi]]. His first original labels from Venice date from 1730. His instruments are rare and as highly prized as those of his father and uncle. One of his cellos was played by [[Beatrice Harrison]].
* '''[[Giuseppe Guarneri|Bartolomeo Giuseppe Guarneri]]''' (''del Gesù'') (21 August 1698 – 17 October 1744) has been called the greatest violinmaker of all time. Giuseppe is known as ''del Gesù'' ("of Jesus") because his labels always incorporated the characters I.H.S. (''iota eta sigma'', a [[Greek language|Greek]] [[acronym]] known as the [[Christogram]]). His instruments deviated significantly from family tradition, becoming uniquely his own style, and are considered second in quality only to those of Stradivari and argued by some to be superior. The famed violin virtuoso [[Niccolò Paganini]]’s favorite instrument ''[[Il Cannone Guarnerius]]'' was a Guarneri del Gesù violin of 1743. The ''[[Lord Wilton]]'' Guarneri del Gesù violin made in 1742 was owned by [[Yehudi Menuhin]]. His last work is believed to be ''[[Ole Bull]]'', a Guarneri del Gesù violin of 1744.<ref>[http://cm2.chimeimuseum.org/tw/entry.aspx?id=Ita0014 Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesù, 1744]</ref>

Other 20th-century 'del Gesù' players include [[Arthur Grumiaux]], [[Jascha Heifetz]], [[Leonid Kogan]], [[Kyung Wha Chung]], [[Michael Rabin]], [[Joseph Silverstein]], [[Isaac Stern]], [[Pinchas Zukerman]], [[Charles Fleischman]], [[Robert McDuffie]], [[Itzhak Perlman]], [[Midori Goto]], [[Rachel Barton Pine]], [[Henryk Szeryng]], [[Sarah Chang]], [[Leila Josefowicz]] and the late [[Eugene Fodor (violinist)|Eugene Fodor]].

The Guarneri family's history is partially uncertain. Anthony J. Guarnieri writes, "Giuseppe del Gesù and Peter of Venice may have been cousins rather than brothers, and Peter of Venice may have been the son of [[Pietro Giovanni Guarneri|Peter of Mantua]]."

"Signor Giovanni de Piccolellis, in 1885, searched the archives at the church, San Donato, in Cremona for information on the Guarneri family. His findings, published 1886, in the manuscript entitled "LIUTAI ANTICHI e MODERNI", and now available online in PDF format on [[Google Books]] clearly shows that Joseph Guarneri 'del Gesù' was the son of Gian Battista Guarneri, who was in fact the younger brother of Andrea Guarneri."<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UjMuAAAAYAAJ | title=Liutai antichi e moderni. Note criticobiografiche| last1=Piccolellis| first1=Giovanni de| year=1885}}</ref>