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Gumbo
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==Etymology== The name of the dish comes most likely from Africa, by way of [[Louisiana French]]. Scholars and chefs have offered various explanations for the [[etymology]] of the word "gumbo". The dish was likely named after one of its two main ingredients, okra<ref>{{Cite web |last=Guilbeau |first=Joe |title=On the Lighter Side: The story of Cajun food |url=https://www.postsouth.com/story/news/columns/2022/08/03/history-and-tradition-staples-cajun-cuisine/10200375002/ |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=Plaquemine Post South |language=en-US}}</ref> or filé. According to [[Linguistics|linguists]], "gumbo" has multiple origins.<ref name="Olivier2024" /> One origin is the [[Bambara language]] of West Africa in which ''gombo'' means okra<ref name="Olivier2024">{{cite book |last1=Olivier |first1=Jonathan |title=Gumbo |date=2024 |publisher=LSU Press |isbn=978-0-8071-8241-3 |page=1973 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uwrsEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1973}}</ref> The other origin is the system of [[Bantu languages]] spoken by many [[Slavery in the United States|enslaved]] people from [[Central Africa]]. The vegetable okra was known as {{lang|bnt|ki ngombo}} or {{lang|bnt|quingombo}} in [[Kimbundu]];<ref name="Olivier2024" /> the word is akin to the {{langx|umb|ochinggômbo}} and the {{langx|lua|chinggômbô}} "okra". Additionally, the native [[Choctaw]] people used filé - dried, ground sassafras - leaves to thicken soups and stews.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sassafras: Native Gem of North America – Cornell Botanic Gardens |url=https://cornellbotanicgardens.org/sassafras-native-gem-of-north-america/ |access-date=2024-03-25 |website=cornellbotanicgardens.org}}</ref> They called sassafras ''komho'' according to Nobles,<ref name=nobles98>Nobles (2009), p. 98.</ref> and called filé ''kombo'' according to Usner,<ref name=usner46/> or ''kombo ashish'', according to Freedman.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Freedman |first=Robert Louis |year=1976 |title=Native North American Food Preparation Techniques |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43996285 |journal=Boletín Bibliográfico de Antropología Americana (1973-1979) |volume=38 |issue=47 |pages=143 |jstor=43996285 |issn=2221-4348}}</ref>
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