Editing HMCS Okanagan (section)

==Design==
{{main|Oberon-class submarine}}

The ''Oberon'' class were considered an improved version of the preceding [[British Porpoise-class submarine|''Porpoise''-class submarines]], with a different frame of the pressure hull<ref name=cocker108>Cocker, p. 108</ref> and constructed from a better grade of steel.<ref name=brown285>Brown, p. 285</ref><ref name=gardiner530>Gardiner and Chumbley, p. 530</ref> These build differences allowed the ''Oberon''s to have a deeper diving depth at roughly {{convert|1000|ft|m}}.<ref name=gardiner530/>

The submarines [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] {{convert|2030|t|LT}} surfaced and {{convert|2410|t|LT}} submerged.<ref name=gardiner530/><ref name=cocker108/> They measured {{convert|295|ft|1/4|in|m|abbr=on}} [[length overall|long]] with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|26|ft|1/2|in|m|abbr=on}} and a [[Draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|18|ft|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name=cocker108/><ref group=note>Gardiner and Chumbley state that the dimensions were {{convert|241|ft|m|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]], {{convert|290|ft|3|in|m|abbr=on}} long overall with a beam of {{convert|26|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} and a draught of {{convert|18|ft|3|in|m|abbr=on}}</ref>

The boats were powered by a two shaft diesel-electric system. The ''Oberon''s were equipped with two ASR 1 16-cylinder [[diesel engine]]s creating {{convert|3680|bhp|lk=in}} and two English Electric motors creating {{convert|6000|shp|lk=in}}. This gave the submarines a maximum surface speed of {{convert|12|kn|lk=in}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|17|kn}}. The boats carried 258 tons of oil giving them a range of {{convert|9000|nmi|lk=in}} at 12 knots.<ref name=cocker108/><ref name=gardiner529>Gardiner and Chumbley, p. 529</ref>

The design was armed with eight [[British 21-inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s, six in the [[Bow (ship)|bow]] and two in the stern. They carried 24 reloads for a total of 30 torpedoes.<ref name=cocker108/><ref>Gardiner and Chumbley, pp. 529–530</ref> Canadian boats differed from the original design by being equipped for the US [[Mark 37 torpedo|Mark 37C torpedo]].<ref name=gardiner48>Gardiner and Chumbley, p. 48</ref> The longer, wire-guided Mod 2 version was carried in the forward tubes and the non-guided Mod 0 for the rear tubes.<ref>Perkins, p. 148</ref>

The ''Oberon''s were equipped with Type 187 active-passive [[sonar]], Type 2007 passive sonar and Type 2019 sonar.<ref name=gardiner530/>

===Submarine Operational Update Program (SOUP)===
By the late 1970s, the ''Oberon''s in Canadian service had become obsolete and were in need of an update. Planning was done in 1978 and the program approved in February 1979.<ref name=ferguson298>Ferguson, p. 298</ref> In an effort to take the subs from anti-submarine warfare training to frontline service, Maritime Command developed a refit program that included new sonars, periscopes, communications and fire-control systems. They also had their armament upgraded with the fitting of torpedo tubes capable of firing the [[Mark 48 torpedo]]. This would allow the submarines to be deployed by [[NATO]] in the North Atlantic to monitor Soviet submarines.<ref>Gimblett, p .179</ref><ref>Milner, p. 273</ref>

The SOUP refits comprised a new US fire control system, a digital Singer Librascope Mark I, and new Sperry passive ranging sonar with the Type 719 short range sonar removed. The new sonar was placed in the upper casing on the pressure hull. New communications and navigational systems were installed.<ref name=ferguson298/> The submarines were fitted with new torpedo tubes for Mark 48 torpedoes, however the torpedoes themselves were considered a separate procurement program, which was only finalized in 1985.<ref>Ferguson, pp. 298–299</ref>

Between 1980 and 1986, one of the Canadian ''Oberon''s was out of service undergoing the refit. SOUP came in on time and on its budget of [[Canadian dollar|C$]]45 million in 1986.<ref>Ferguson, p. 299</ref><ref>Milner, p. 287</ref> SOUP kept the Canadian ''Oberon''s operational until the end of the 1990s when they were replaced by the British {{sclass|Upholder|submarine|1}}s.<ref>Gimblett, p. 192</ref>