Editing Haddon Hall (section)

==History==
[[File:Haddon Hall-1-. Long Gallery c.1890..jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.14|Haddon Hall's Long Gallery, {{circa}} 1890]]
[[File:Long Gallery, Haddon Hall - Bakewell, Derbyshire, England - DSC02798.jpg|thumb|left|Haddon Hall's Long Gallery, 2017]]
The origins of the hall date to the 11th century. [[William Peverel]] held the manor of Haddon in 1087, when the survey which resulted in the [[Domesday Book]] was undertaken. Though it was never a castle, the manor of Haddon was protected by a wall after a [[list of licences to crenellate|licence]] to build one was granted in 1194.<ref>Davis, Philip. [http://www.castlestudiesgroup.org.uk/Licences%20to%20Crenellate%20-%20Philip%20Davis.pdf "English Licences to Crenellate: 1199–1567"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204054301/http://www.castlestudiesgroup.org.uk/Licences%20to%20Crenellate%20-%20Philip%20Davis.pdf |date=4 February 2021}}, ''The Castle Studies Group Journal'' '''20''', 2007, pp. 226–45</ref> The hall was forfeited to the Crown in 1153 and later passed to a tenant of the Peverils, the Avenell family. Sir Richard de Vernon acquired the manor in 1170 after his marriage to Alice Avenell, the daughter of William Avenell. The Vernons built most of the hall, except for the Peveril Tower and part of the [[Chapel of St Nicholas, Haddon Hall|Chapel of St Nicholas]], which preceded them, and the [[Long gallery|Long Gallery]], which was built in the 16th century.<ref>[http://www.peakdistrictinformation.com/visits/haddon.php "Haddon Hall"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305095728/http://peakdistrictinformation.com/visits/haddon.php |date=5 March 2021}}, PeakDistrictInformation.com, accessed 26 July 2015</ref><ref name=Owners>[http://www.haddonhall.co.uk/history-and-virtual-tour/owners-of-haddon-hall "Haddon Hall: History and Virtual Tour; Owners of Haddon Hall"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704192507/https://www.haddonhall.co.uk/history-and-virtual-tour/owners-of-haddon-hall/ |date=4 July 2019}}, HaddonHall.co.uk, accessed 15 November 2012</ref> Richard's son, [[Vernon family|Sir William Vernon]], was a [[High Sheriff of Lancashire]] and [[Chief Justice]] of Cheshire.<ref name=Collins399>Brydges, Edgerton. ''Collins's Peerage of England'', Vol. VII (1812), pp. 399–401</ref> Prominent later family members include Sir [[Richard Vernon (speaker)|Richard Vernon]] (1390–1451), also a [[High Sheriff]], MP and [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]].<ref name=Collins399/> His son [[William Vernon (died 1467)|Sir William]] was Knight-Constable of England and succeeded him as [[Treasurer of Calais]] and MP for Derbyshire and Staffordshire; his grandson Sir [[Henry Vernon (died 1515)|Henry Vernon]] [[Knight of the Bath|KB]] (1441–1515) Governor and Treasurer to [[Arthur, Prince of Wales]], married Anne Talbot daughter of the [[Earl of Shrewsbury]] and rebuilt Haddon Hall.<ref name=Collins399/>

[[Image:PoundsHaddonc.jpg|right|thumb|upright|[[Courtice Pounds]] as John Manners in ''[[Haddon Hall (opera)|Haddon Hall]]'', 1892]]
[[George Vernon (MP for Derby and Derbyshire)|Sir George Vernon]] (c. 1503 – 31 August 1565) had two daughters, Margaret and [[Dorothy Vernon|Dorothy]]. Dorothy married John Manners, the second son of [[Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland]] in 1563.<ref>Trutt, p. 24</ref> Sir George supposedly disapproved of the union, possibly because the Manners were Protestants while the Vernons were Catholics, or possibly because the second son of an earl had uncertain financial prospects.<ref>Walford, Edward. [http://www.haddon-hall.com/HaddonHallBooks/HeiressHaddon.pdf "Tales of Our Great Families: The Heiress of Haddon Hall"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225162447/http://www.haddon-hall.com/HaddonHallBooks/HeiressHaddon.pdf |date=25 February 2012}}. 1877, Haddon Hall Books edition 2010, accessed 10 September 2011</ref> According to legend, Sir George forbade John Manners from courting the famously beautiful and amiable Dorothy and forbade his daughter from seeing Manners.<ref>Trutt, p. 7</ref> Shielded by the crowd during a ball given at Haddon Hall by Sir George in 1563, Dorothy slipped away and fled through the gardens, down stone steps and over a footbridge where Manners was waiting for her, and they rode away to be married.<ref name=Trutt8>Trutt, p. 8; Although it is known that Dorothy's older sister, Margaret, had been married for several years before Dorothy's marriage, in many versions of the legend, the ball is a pre-wedding celebration for Margaret.</ref> If indeed the elopement happened, the couple were soon reconciled with Sir George, as they inherited the estate on his death two years later.<ref name=Trutt8/><ref>See [http://www.britainexpress.com/counties/derbyshire/houses/haddon.htm "Haddon Hall"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129020451/http://www.britainexpress.com/counties/derbyshire/houses/haddon.htm |date=29 November 2020}}. Britain Express, accessed 6 September 2011; and [http://www.mspong.org/picturesque/haddon_hall.html "Haddon Hall"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070816000912/http://www.mspong.org/picturesque/haddon_hall.html |date=2007-08-16}}. ''Picturesque England'', mspong.org, accessed 6 September 2011. The story was briefly mentioned in the personal journal of Absalom Watkin in 1817, after a visit to the hall and its caretaker William Hage, but in its full-blown form, it was first published (or first documented, if one believes it to be history rather than legend) in ''The King of the Peak – A Derbyshire Tale'', written by [[Allan Cunningham (author)|Allan Cunningham]] in 1822 and published in the monthly ''London Magazine''. The story was romanticised further and published in many forms thereafter.</ref> Their grandson, also [[John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland|John Manners of Haddon]], inherited the Earldom in 1641, on the death of his distant cousin, [[George Manners, 7th Earl of Rutland|George, the 7th Earl of Rutland]], whose estates included [[Belvoir Castle]].

That John Manners' son was [[John Manners, 1st Duke of Rutland|John, the 9th Earl]], and was made 1st [[Duke of Rutland]] in 1703. He moved to Belvoir Castle, and his heirs used Haddon Hall very little, so it lay almost in its unaltered 16th-century condition, as it had been when it passed in 1567 by marriage to the [[Duke of Rutland|Manners family]]. In the 1920s, another [[John Manners, 9th Duke of Rutland|John Manners]], the 9th Duke of Rutland, realised its importance and began a lifetime of meticulous restoration, with his restoration architect [[Harold Brakspear]].{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} The current medieval and [[Tudor period|Tudor]] hall includes small sections of the 11th-century structure, but it mostly comprises additional chambers and ranges added by the successive generations of the Vernon family. Major construction was carried out at various stages between the 13th and the 16th centuries. The banqueting hall (with [[minstrel]]s' gallery), kitchens and parlour date from 1370, and St Nicholas Chapel was completed in 1427. For generations, whitewash concealed and protected their pre-[[English Reformation|Reformation]] frescoes.

The 9th Duke created the walled [[topiary]] garden adjoining the stable-block cottage, with clipped heraldic devices of the boar's head and the peacock, emblematic of the Vernon and Manners families. Haddon Hall remains in the Manners family to the present day,<ref>[http://gsarchive.net/sullivan/haddon_hall/progs/prog_3/index.html "Haddon Hall – the Estate"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208184043/http://www.gsarchive.net/sullivan/haddon_hall/progs/prog_3/index.html |date=8 February 2018}}. The Gilbert and Sullivan Archive, accessed 6 September 2011</ref> and is occupied by Lord Edward Manners, brother of the [[David Manners, 11th Duke of Rutland|11th Duke of Rutland]], and [[Lady Edward Manners]] since they decided in 2016 to relocate to the hall.<ref name=Owners/><ref>[https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/news/family-will-be-first-live-haddon-hall-nearly-200-years-785314 Family will be the first to live in Haddon Hall for nearly 200 years] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306020626/https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/news/family-will-be-first-live-haddon-hall-nearly-200-years-785314 |date=6 March 2022}} ''[[Derbyshire Times]]'', 24 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2022</ref>

The house was [[Grade I listed]] in 1951<ref name="NHLE1334982" /> following the passing of the [[Town and Country Planning Act 1947]]. The estate and gardens were separately listed at Grade I in 1984 on the [[Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England|Register of Historic Parks and Gardens]].<ref name="NHLE1000679" />

In 2011 the hall's foundations were identified as needing urgent repairs to mitigate potential damage to the ornate plaster ceiling and central bay of the Long Gallery, but the owners were unable to finance repairs.<ref>[https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/haddon-hall-gets-covid-recovery-funding-for-essential-repairs-to-elizabethan-architectural-masterpiece-3431150 Haddon Hall gets Covid recovery funding for essential repairs to Elizabethan architectural masterpiece] ''[[Derbyshire Times]]'', 24 October 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2022</ref> In 2021 a £262,662 grant from [[Historic England]], together with an additional £50,000 from the Historic Houses Foundation, enabled works to be started.<ref>[https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/retro/cash-boost-restore-part-derbyshires-haddon-hall-described-most-perfect-english-house-survive-middle-ages-3092051 Cash boost to restore part of Derbyshire's Haddon Hall described as 'the most perfect English house to survive from the Middle Ages'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304023512/https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/retro/cash-boost-restore-part-derbyshires-haddon-hall-described-most-perfect-english-house-survive-middle-ages-3092051 |date=4 March 2022}} ''[[Derbyshire Times]]'', 11 January 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.historichousesfoundation.org.uk/haddon-hall Haddon Hall, Derbyshire] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304023510/https://www.historichousesfoundation.org.uk/haddon-hall |date=4 March 2022}} Historic Houses Foundation. Retrieved 4 March 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-59153308 Haddon Hall subsidence repairs secure funding] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304023510/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-59153308 |date=4 March 2022}} ''[[BBC News]]'', 7 November 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/news/people/derbyshires-haddon-hall-at-risk-without-vital-repair-work-3468445 Derbyshire's Haddon Hall at risk without 'vital' repair work] ''[[Derbyshire Times]]'', 23 November 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/news/local-news/race-rescue-historic-haddon-hall-6346128 Race to rescue historic Derbyshire hall] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304023521/https://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/news/local-news/race-rescue-historic-haddon-hall-6346128 |date=4 March 2022}} ''[[Derby Telegraph]]'', 27 December 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2022</ref>