Editing Harlaxton Manor (section)

==History==
Harlaxton is first recorded in the ''[[Domesday Book]]'' as Harleston. The current [[mansion]] is the second Harlaxton Manor. The first was built on a different site during the 14th century and was used as a [[Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom#Hunting lodge|hunting lodge]] by [[John of Gaunt]]. By 1619, Sir Daniel de Ligne purchased the [[Manorialism|manor]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb3454-gre/gre/2|title=Gregory family history – Harlaxton Manor – Miscellaneous papers relating to Harlaxton Manor and Gregory and De Ligne families – Archives Hub|website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref> The original house was deserted after 1780; it was inherited by Gregory Gregory, and was torn down in 1857.

===Gregory family===
Gregory Gregory (1786–1854) was born Gregory Williams, adopting the surname Gregory when he inherited his uncle's estates. His father was William Gregory Williams (1742–1814) and his mother Olivia Preston (1758–1835). In 1822 Gregory inherited Harlaxton Manor and other property from his uncle George de Ligne Gregory (1740–1822).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://harlaxtonmanorarchives.wordpress.com/timeline/gregory-gregory/|title=Harlaxton Manor archive: Gregory Gregory|publisher=University of Evansville|date=9 May 2014}}</ref> The original Harlaxton Manor was an ancient building in need of repair so Gregory did not move to the house, living at the nearby Hungerton Hall. In 1831 he commissioned the architect [[Anthony Salvin]] to build his mansion, a process which took 20 years. Unmarried, childless, with no interest in traditional country pursuits, and averse to socialising and entertaining, the building of Harlaxton, and the acquisition of architectural elements, paintings, furniture and glass to fit it out, became Gregory's all-consuming passion.{{sfn|Hall|2009|pp=27-31}} The diarist [[Charles Greville (diarist)|Charles Greville]], visiting during the house's construction in the 1830s, recorded Gregory's obsessive approach, [see box].

{{quote box|width=25em|align=Left|quote="To-day we went to see the house Mr. Gregory is building, five miles from here. He is a gentleman who has a fancy to build a magnificent house in the Elizabethan style, and he is now in the middle of his work, all the shell being finished except one wing. Nothing can be more perfect than it is, both as to the architecture and the ornaments. Many years ago, when he first conceived this design he began to amass money and lived for no other object. He travelled into all parts of Europe collecting objects of curiosity, useful or ornamental, for his projected palace, and he did not begin to build until he had accumulated money enough to complete his design. The grandeur of it is such, and such the tardiness of its progress, that it is about as much as he will do to live till its completion. It is the means and not the end to which he looks for gratification. He says that it is his amusement, as hunting or shooting or feasting may be the objects of other people and as the pursuit leads him into all parts of the world, and to mix with every variety of nation and character, besides engendering tastes."|source=—The Greville Memoirs<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/grevillememoirsj04grevuoft/page/44/mode/2up?view=theater|title=The Greville Memoirs|first=Charles|last=Greville|publisher=Longmans|date=1896}}</ref>}}

In 1851 Gregory moved into the completed manor with a staff of fourteen servants including a butler, a house keeper, three footmen, seven domestic maids and two grooms. By 1854 he was dead.{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=438-440}} The house was inherited by his cousin, George Gregory. Gregory had loathed his distant relation and attempted to bequeath Harlaxton to a friend but was unable to break the [[entail]] on the estate.{{sfn|Hall|2009|p=30}} George Gregory (1775–1860) had been born in [[London]], son of Daniel Gregory (1747–1819). George did not follow his father's occupation as a merchant and instead bought an estate in Lincolnshire. In 1825 at the age of 50, he married Elizabeth Price, twenty years his junior.{{sfn|Nicholl|1866|p=597}} They moved to Harlaxton after he received his inheritance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOUNAAAAQAAJ&dq=%22george+gregory%22+harlaxton&pg=PA112|title=Post Office Directory of Lincolnshire|year=1855|publisher=Kelly's Directories|access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref> With other owners of large houses in the area, George decided to open the house to visitors. George died in 1860 at the manor and another distant relative, John Sherwin Gregory, inherited the house.{{sfn|Wainright|Beard|Rowlands|2000|p=25}}

John Sherwin Gregory (1803–1869) was born John Sherwin Longden. His father was John Longden and his mother was Charlotte Mettam. His father had inherited Bramcote Manor in Nottinghamshire. When his father died in 1818, John received the Bramcote property, changing his surname to Sherwin, becoming John Sherwin Sherwin. In 1829 he married Catherine Holden.{{sfn|Walford|1869|p=431}} The couple lived at Bramcote<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bramcotehistory.org.uk/village-history/bramcote-hills-house|title=Bramcote Hills House|publisher=Bramcote History Group|access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> until inheriting Harlaxton in 1860, at which point Sherwin again changed his surname, becoming John Sherwin Gregory.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedicamillo.com/house/harlaxton-manor/|title=Harlaxton Manor - House, family and collections history|publisher=DiCamillo|access-date=21 January 2022}}</ref>

John died in 1869 and Catherine continued to live at Harlaxton Manor until her death in 1892 at the age of 86. Her obituary recorded that she was highly regarded as a benefactor, both of the church at Harlaxton and of the sick and poor of the parish.{{sfn|Wainright|Beard|Rowlands|2000|p=25}} When she died in 1892, Thomas Sherwin Pearson, who was the second cousin and godson of John Sherwin Gregory, inherited the manor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/94717be6-170c-47bb-8009-530003726ef4|title=Notes on the descent of the Gregory estate|publisher=The National Archive|access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> Thomas added Gregory to his surname, becoming [[Thomas Pearson-Gregory|Thomas Sherwin Pearson Gregory]] (1851–1935). He was born in [[Barwell]], [[Leicestershire]], son of General Thomas Hooke Pearson and Francis Elizabeth Ashby Mettam.{{sfn|Crisp|1902|p=74}} Thomas' grandfather the Reverend George Metttam was the brother of John Sherwin Gregory's mother Charlotte Mettam and was John's second cousin. Thomas was educated at [[Rugby School|Rugby]] and the [[University of Oxford]], becoming a first-class cricketer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/thomas-pearson-18860|title=Thomas Pearson profile and biography|publisher=CricInfo|access-date=18 January 2022}}</ref> In 1885 he married Mabel Laura Payne and, in his inheritance in 1892, moved to Harlaxton with his wife and their son [[Philip Pearson-Gregory|Philip John Sherwin Pearson-Gregory]] (1888–1955), who himself inherited the estate in 1935. Philip decided not to live in the house and, following an auction of the contents which lasted three days, it was sold in 1937.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url= https://www.countrylife.co.uk/architecture/harlaxton-manor-lincolnshire-an-american-evolution-178042 |first=John|last=Goodall|title=Harlaxton Manor, Lincolnshire: An American evolution|publisher=Country Life|date=17 May 2018}}</ref>

===20th century===
[[Violet Van der Elst]], a businesswoman and inventor, made her money from developing the first brushless [[shaving cream]] and made her name by campaigning against [[capital punishment]].{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=438-440}}  She restored the house, having renamed it Grantham Castle, and had it wired for electricity, before losing almost all of her fortune in "obsessive litigation".{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=438-440}} During the Second World War, Harlaxton was requisitioned by the [[Royal Air Force]] as the officers' mess for [[RAF Harlaxton]] and later to house a company of the [[1st Airborne Division (United Kingdom)|1st Airborne Division]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lincolnshirelive.co.uk/news/history/story-remarkable-lincolnshire-manor-man-5460139|first=Gurjeet|last=Nanrah|title=The story of this remarkable Lincolnshire Manor and the man who envisaged its impressive design|publisher=Lincolnshire Live|date=28 May 2021}}</ref> In 1948, Harlaxton was purchased by the [[Jesuits|Society of Jesus]], who used it as a [[novitiate]].{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=438-440}} [[Stanford University]] leased Harlaxton Manor from the Jesuits in 1965, and with only 80 students in its first year, it was the first American university in Great Britain. Students attended classes from Monday to Thursday, often travelling on the weekends, similar to the Harlaxton schedule today. Stanford used the manor as part of its British study abroad programme. But the relative isolation of the house made it unpopular and the programme relocated to [[Cliveden]] in Berkshire in 1969.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb3454-sta|title=Harlaxton Manor|publisher=Stanford University Archives |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk|access-date=18 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1969/04/18?page=5|title=British campus moves - Students occupy new home|publisher=Stanford Daily Archives|date=18 April 1969}}</ref>

===University of Evansville===
[[File:Harlaxton College.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Harlaxton College, side view]]
Harlaxton is now owned by the [[University of Evansville]], operating as Harlaxton College, and is the base for their study-abroad programme.{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=438-440}} A number of other American universities also use the estate. Evansville began using the property in 1971 as its British campus, but it was bought personally by William Ridgway, a trustee of the university, and held by him until he donated it to the university in 1986.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.granthammatters.co.uk/ridgway-william-put-harlaxton-on-a-world-educational-map/|title=William L. Ridgway (1920-2013) obituary|publisher=Gratham Matters|date=25 August 2014}}</ref> Immediately after the purchase the university began renovating the entire facility.{{efn|The renovations continued into the 1990s, and included extensive restoration of the grounds.<ref name="auto"/>}}<ref name="auto"/> Since 1984, Harlaxton Manor has also been the site of the annual Harlaxton Medieval Symposium, an interdisciplinary symposium on medieval art, literature and architecture.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://harlaxton.org.uk/|title=Harlaxton Medieval Symposium|publisher=University of Evansville|access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref> The house and gardens are occasionally opened for public tours.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://harlaxton.co.uk/house-and-gardens/|title=Harlaxton House and gardens|publisher=University of Evansville|access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref>

====WUEV  Harlaxton Bureau at Harlaxton College====

On 30 July 1997, 91.5 FM [[WUEV]] opened the Harlaxton Bureau at Harlaxton College, Lincolnshire, England. Shortly thereafter, Harlaxton Bureau correspondents covered the death of [[Princess Diana]] and were subsequently recognized by the Indiana Society of Professional Journalists. This made the [[University of Evansville]] the first American university project to have a student-run news bureau on a foreign campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newswise.com/articles/university-radio-station-launches-student-run-foreign-bureau|title = University Radio Station Launches Student-Run Foreign Bureau}}</ref>

====Media appearances====
The manor is a popular location for filming. Exterior and interior shots have featured in ''[[The Ruling Class (film)|The Ruling Class]]'',<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.reelstreets.com/films/ruling-class-the/|title=The Ruling Class|publisher=Reelstreets.com|access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref> ''[[The Last Days of Patton]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.granthamjournal.co.uk/lifestyle/memory-lane-harlaxton-manor-was-location-for-1980s-patton-movie-1-6737627/|title=Harlaxton Manor was location for 1980s Patton movie|publisher=Grantham Journal|date=11 May 2015}}</ref> ''[[The Lady and the Highwayman]]'', ''[[The Haunting (1999 film)|The Haunting]]'',<ref name="auto1"/> ''[[The Young Visiters]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reelstreets.com/films/the-young-visiters/|title=The Young Visiters|publisher=Reelstreets.com|access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref> and ''[[The Secret Garden (2020 film)|The Secret Garden]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Whitlock |first=Cathy |title=The Fantastical Reimagining of The Secret Garden |journal=Architectural Digest |date=5 August 2020 |url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/the-fantastical-reimagining-of-the-secret-garden |access-date=15 October 2020}}</ref>