Editing Hideaki Anno (section)

==Biography==

===Childhood and early education===
The son of Fumiko and Takuya Anno, Anno was born in [[Ube, Yamaguchi]]; he attended Wakō Kindergarten, Unoshima Municipal Elementary School, Fujiyama Municipal Junior High School, and Yamaguchi Prefectural Ube High School where he was noted for his interest in artwork and making short films for [[Japanese Cultural Festival]]s.<ref name="khara"/>

===Early work===
Anno began his career while attending [[Osaka University of Arts]] as an animator for the anime series ''[[The Super Dimension Fortress Macross]]'' (1982–1983).<ref name="gainax">{{cite web|url=http://www.gainax.co.jp/hills/anno/bymyself-e.html |title=Official biography |publisher=[[Gainax]] |access-date=May 24, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819090939/http://www.gainax.co.jp/hills/anno/bymyself-e.html#1994 |archive-date=August 19, 2007 }}</ref> Wrapped up in producing the ''[[DAICON III and IV Opening Animations]]'' with his fellow students, and busy making self-financed films, Anno stopped paying his tuition, eventually getting expelled from Osaka University of Arts.<ref name="khara"/> He did not gain recognition until the release of his work on [[Hayao Miyazaki]]'s [[1984 in film|1984]] film ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]''. Running short on animators, the film's production studio posted an ad in the famous Japanese animation magazine [[Animage]], announcing that they were in desperate need of more animators. Anno, in his early twenties at the time, read the ad and headed down to the film's studio, where he met with Miyazaki and showed him some of his drawings. Impressed with his ability, Miyazaki hired him to draw some of the most complicated scenes near the end of the movie,<ref name="birth">Studio Ghibli, ''The Birth of Studio Ghibli'' video, [[Wiktionary:circa|c.]] 2003 (included on UK Nausicaä DVD)</ref> and valued his work highly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/features/archive/news/2006/05/20060504p2g00m0fe019000c.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070609030822/http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/features/archive/news/2006/05/20060504p2g00m0fe019000c.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 9, 2007 |title=Evangelion Special: Genesis of a major manga |publisher=[[MSN News]] |date=May 25, 2007 |access-date=May 24, 2007 }}</ref>

Anno went on to become one of the co-founders of [[Gainax]] in December 1984.<ref name="gainax"/> He worked as an [[animation director]] for their first feature-length film, ''[[Royal Space Force: The Wings of Honneamise]]'' (1987), and ultimately became Gainax's premiere anime director, leading the majority of the studio's projects, including ''[[Gunbuster]]'' (1988) and ''[[Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water]]'' (1990–1991).<ref name="imdb">{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0030417/ |title=IMDb Profile |publisher=[[IMDb]] |access-date=May 24, 2007 |archive-date=June 1, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070601194747/http://imdb.com/name/nm0030417/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, Anno fell into a four-year depression following ''Nadia'' — the series was handed down to him from [[NHK]] from an original concept by Hayao Miyazaki (of which ''[[Castle in the Sky]]'' is also partly based upon) and he was given little creative control. In 1994, the minor planet [[9081 Hideakianno]] was named after him by his old friend [[Akimasa Nakamura]].<ref>{{cite news|script-title=ja:祝！小惑星「庵野秀明」が誕生しました。|url=http://www.town.kumakogen.ehime.jp/culture/astro/obs/other/mp/Anno.html|website=www.town.kumakogen.ehime.jp|access-date=July 19, 2016|language=ja|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120919044425/http://www.town.kumakogen.ehime.jp/culture/astro/obs/other/mp/Anno.html|archive-date=September 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=9081+Hideakianno|website=ssd.jpl.nasa.gov|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=March 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301023402/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=9081+Hideakianno|url-status=live}}</ref>

===''Neon Genesis Evangelion''===
{{main article|Neon Genesis Evangelion (anime)#Production}}
Anno's next project was the anime television series ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion (anime)|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'' (1995–1996). The series is set in a post-apocalyptic futurist version of Tokyo and follows humanity's struggle to survive against an onslaught of giant monsters known as [[Angels in Neon Genesis Evangelion|Angels]]. Anno's history of [[Major depressive disorder|clinical depression]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://culturedvultures.com/evangelion-depression-hideaki-anno-lars-von-trier-anime/|title=Evangelion, Depression and why Hideaki Anno is the Lars Von Trier of anime|date=July 27, 2014|work=Cultured Vultures|access-date=December 2, 2014|archive-date=January 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150124130000/http://culturedvultures.com/evangelion-depression-hideaki-anno-lars-von-trier-anime/|url-status=live}}</ref> was the main source for the emphasis on the psychological aspects of its characters, as he wrote down on paper several of the trials and tribulations of his condition. For this and other reasons (although perhaps by design as well), ''Evangelion''{{'}}s plot became more introspective as the series progressed, despite being broadcast in a children's television timeslot. Anno felt that people should be exposed to the realities of life at as young an age as possible, and by the end of the series all attempts at traditional narrative logic were abandoned, as the final two episodes take place within the main character's mind.

The show did not garner high ratings in Japan at its initial time slot,{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} but after being moved to a later, more adult-oriented venue, it gained considerable popularity. Timing constraints{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} at Gainax also forced Anno to replace the planned ending of ''Evangelion'' with two episodes set in the main characters' minds. In 1997, Gainax launched a project to re-adapt ''Evangelion''{{'}}s scrapped ending into a feature-length film. Budgeting issues left the film unfinished,{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} and the completed 27 minutes of animation were included as the second act of ''[[Evangelion: Death and Rebirth]]''. Eventually, the project culminated in ''[[The End of Evangelion]]'', a three-act film that served as a finale to ''Neon Genesis Evangelion''. In September 1999, Anno appeared on the NHK TV-documentary "Welcome Back for an Extracurricular Lesson, Senpai!", answering some ''Evangelion''-related questions, including the origin of the name ''Evangelion'', and teaching children about animation production.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/buried-treasure/2007-05-03|title=Hideaki Anno talks to kids.|date=June 14, 2023|access-date=February 20, 2020|archive-date=July 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729075339/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/buried-treasure/2007-05-03|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Subsequent work===
[[File:Hideaki Anno and Ryusuke Hikawa 20141030 2.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.9|Anno with [[Ryūsuke Hikawa]] (October 30, 2014)]]
After ''Evangelion'', Anno directed the 1998 anime series ''[[Kare Kano|Kareshi Kanojo no Jijō]]'' (''Kare Kano'' for short, also known in English as ''His and Her Circumstances''), the first [[Gainax]] television series to be directly adapted from previously written material. During the production of ''Kare Kano'', Anno became frustrated with the restrictions placed on the show by [[TV Tokyo]] after the [[Dennō Senshi Porygon|Pokémon seizure incident]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Tokyo Travelogue February 3rd, 1999|url=http://www.nausicaa.net/~michj/tokyo/990203.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031101182610/http://www.nausicaa.net/~michj/tokyo/990203.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 1, 2003|work=[[nausicaa.net]]}}</ref> and has rarely directed television anime since then. The director has also made forays into live-action films, beginning with ''[[Love & Pop]]'' (1998), a [[cinéma vérité]]-style film about [[enjo kosai]] ("compensated dating", a form of teenage prostitution) in Japan, of which a major portion was shot on miniature digital cameras with constantly shifting [[aspect ratio (image)|aspect ratios]]. He won Best New Director Award at 1998 [[Yokohama Film Festival]] for the film. [[Asumi Miwa]] who played the lead role won Best New Talent award. He and his friend [[Masayuki (animator)|Masayuki]] also directed the documentary "GAMERA1999" which documented the production of ''[[Gamera 3: Revenge of Iris]]''. His second live-action film, ''[[Shiki-Jitsu]]'' (2000) (''"Ritual Day"'' or ''"Ceremonial Day"''), is the story of a burnt-out former animation director (played by popular [[independent film|indie]] director [[Shunji Iwai]]) who falls in love with a woman disconnected from reality. Though an experimental work like ''Love & Pop'', this film was shot using the more traditional [[2.35:1]] [[aspect ratio (image)|aspect ratio]] and has a generally more polished presentation, eschewing the [[cinéma vérité]] grittiness of Anno's first live-action film. This movie earned him Best Artistic Contribution Award at [[Tokyo International Film Festival]] and very positive reviews.

Anno's third [[live-action film]] was ''[[Cutie Honey (film)|Cutie Honey]]'', based on [[Go Nagai]]'s [[Cutie Honey|1973 manga and anime series]]. Released in the summer of 2004, this lighthearted fantasy/superhero film was a stark contrast to his earlier, more realist live-action works.  Later in 2004, Anno supervised but did not direct the three-part OVA, ''[[Re: Cutie Honey]]'', which was respectively directed by [[Hiroyuki Imaishi]] (part 1), [[Takamichi Itō]] (part 2), and Masayuki (part 3). Also released in 2004 was the movie {{nihongo|''[[Funky Forest]]''|ナイスの森|Nice no Mori}}, in which Anno makes several acting cameos: as the student in the front row of the "Home Room!" skit sitting next to Hataru, in "Who's the Director?" as an animator who feels he is being overworked, and finally in "Singles Picnic" he is among the men awaiting females who never come.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.nice-movie.com/
| title = ナイスの森
| access-date = May 27, 2007
| publisher = Tōga
| date = May 27, 2007
| archive-date = May 26, 2007
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070526104218/http://www.nice-movie.com/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=September 2007}}

On August 1, 2006, Hideaki Anno's official website was updated with job listings for key animators and production staff at a company he founded, [[Studio Khara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/article.php?id=9318|title=New Hideaki Anno Project in the Works|date=June 14, 2023 |publisher=[[Anime News Network]]}}</ref> In September 2006, Anno's departure from Gainax was reported in the October edition of the Japanese animation magazine ''[[Newtype]]''.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://mizuki.onmitsu.jp/warehouse/festival/10th/index.html
| title = Neon genesis evangelion renewal animation movie
| access-date = September 7, 2006
| publisher = meguriaite
| date = September 6, 2006
| archive-date = October 17, 2018
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181017144348/http://mizuki.onmitsu.jp/warehouse/festival/10th/index.html
| url-status = live
}}</ref> On September 9, 2006, Gainax's official website confirmed that ''[[Rebuild of Evangelion]]'' was in the works. The first three movies would be an alternate retelling of the TV series (including many new scenes, settings, backgrounds, characters), and the fourth movie would be a completely new conclusion to the story.  Kazuya Tsurumaki and Masayuki would direct the movies while Yoshiyuki Sadamoto would provide character designs and Ikuto Yamashita would provide mechanical designs. Shinji Higuchi would provide storyboards for the first movie. The first was launched in Summer 2007, and the second and third were planned to be launched in 2008, however, the second installment was released by itself on June 27, 2009. The third movie was to be released simultaneously with the fourth; instead, the third movie was released on November 17, 2012, and the release date for the fourth movie in Japan was announced to be June 27, 2020.<ref>{{cite tweet|user=evangelion_co|number=1210367527492046848|date=December 27, 2019|title="#evangelion #eva https://t.co/Pz7Lx0ICwC"|author=|language=ja|access-date=January 1, 2020}}</ref> On February 17, 2007, Anno published an official statement<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-02-20/hideaki-anno-releases-statement-about-new-evangelion-movies|title=Hideaki Anno Releases Statement About New Evangelion Movies|date=June 14, 2023|publisher=[[Anime News Network]]|access-date=February 20, 2020|archive-date=June 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627111040/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-02-20/hideaki-anno-releases-statement-about-new-evangelion-movies|url-status=live}}</ref> on the Japanese Yahoo Portal for the films regarding his personal involvement and goals in their production.<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.evangelion.co.jp/theater.html 
 |title=Rebuild of evangelion 
 |access-date=September 12, 2006 |publisher=Gainax 
 |date=September 10, 2006 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005071441/http://www.evangelion.co.jp/theater.html 
 |archive-date=October 5, 2006 }}
</ref> In October 2007, Hideaki Anno resigned from Gainax.<ref name="khara"/> In 2011 Anno co-produced the Koinobori Pictures movie ''Kantoku Shikkaku'' ("Failed Director"), directed by [[Katsuyuki Hirano]] featuring [[Yumika Hayashi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/khara_inc/statuses/55828859714670595|title=株式会社カラー on Twitter|work=twitter.com|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=November 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122160657/https://twitter.com/khara_inc/statuses/55828859714670595|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.khara.co.jp/news/2011/04/000004.html |title=株式会社カラー：最新情報：庵野秀明プロデュース・カラー共同製作. 映画『監督失格』2011年９月３日劇場公開決定 |website=www.khara.co.jp |access-date=January 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410172427/http://www.khara.co.jp/news/2011/04/000004.html |archive-date=April 10, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://johakyu.net/archives/2010/12/2010-12-11-001074.php |title=平野勝之監督の新作映画『監督失格』を庵野秀明がプロデュース: 序破Q |website=johakyu.net |access-date=January 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215045545/http://johakyu.net/archives/2010/12/2010-12-11-001074.php |archive-date=December 15, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2011-04-06/evangelion-anno-produces-kantoku-shikkaku-film|title=Interest: Evangelion's Anno Produces Kantoku Shikkaku Film|date=June 14, 2023|publisher=Anime News Network|access-date=February 20, 2020|archive-date=August 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801133328/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2011-04-06/evangelion-anno-produces-kantoku-shikkaku-film|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinematoday.jp/page/N0030959|title=『エヴァ』庵野秀明の独占コメント掲載 実写映画初プロデュース作品は伝説の女優・林由美香を元恋人・平野勝之のカメラが追ったドキュメンタリー！（1/3）|work=cinematoday.jp|date=April 7, 2011|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=January 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105001857/http://www.cinematoday.jp/page/N0030959|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2012, Anno was the curator of an exhibit entitled ''Tokusatsu- Special Effects Museum-Craftsmanship of Showa and Heisei Eras Seen Through Miniatures'', held at the [[Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo]], featuring actual props and suits from many of Japan's [[tokusatsu]] films and TV shows. Anno also produced a short live-action film for the exhibit, entitled ''A Giant Warrior Descends on Tokyo'', featuring the Giant Warrior-God from Studio Ghibli's animated film ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scifijapan.com/articles/2012/08/24/scifi-japan-tv-02-tokusatsu-museum/|title=SciFi JAPAN TV #02: Tokusatsu Museum 第２話「特撮博物館」|date=August 24, 2012|work=scifijapan.com|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=March 1, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301010740/http://www.scifijapan.com/articles/2012/08/24/scifi-japan-tv-02-tokusatsu-museum/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/m3unlD_XIhQ Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20141103142034/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3unlD_XIhQ Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3unlD_XIhQ|title=Tokusatsu Museum・特撮博物館 (SciFi Japan TV #02)|last=CHO Japan|date=August 24, 2012|website=Scifijapan.com|access-date=July 19, 2016|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> He has gone on to work with [[Hayao Miyazaki]] and [[Studio Ghibli]] on several short films which have been shown at the [[Ghibli Museum]]. He also voiced the main character [[Jiro Horikoshi]] in Miyazaki's 2013 feature film ''[[The Wind Rises]]''. He also designed the ''[[Star Blazers: Space Battleship Yamato 2199|Space Battleship Yamato 2199]]'' sci-fi anime television series opening sequence.<ref name="Yamato_2199_Anno">{{cite news|title=Evangelion Director Hideaki Anno to Design Yamato 2199 Anime Opening|work=[[Crunchyroll]]|date=February 25, 2012|url=http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2012/01/25/evangelion-director-hideaki-anno-to-design-yamato-2199-anime-opening|access-date=February 25, 2012|archive-date=January 31, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131004949/http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2012/01/25/evangelion-director-hideaki-anno-to-design-yamato-2199-anime-opening|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, Anno and Studio Khara launched ''[[Japan Animator Expo]]'', a series of [[original net animation]]s made by various directors.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-10-26/khara-dwango-launch-weekly-animator-expo-anime-shorts/.80355|title=Khara, Dwango Launch Weekly Animator Expo Anime Shorts|work=animenewsnetwork.com|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=January 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127142011/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-10-26/khara-dwango-launch-weekly-animator-expo-anime-shorts/.80355|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2015, it was announced that Anno would team up with close friend and Gainax cofounder [[Shinji Higuchi]] to write and codirect ''[[Shin Godzilla]]'', the 2016 reboot of [[Toho]]'s [[Godzilla (franchise)|''Godzilla'' franchise]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/asia/hideaki-anno-and-shinji-higuchi-to-direct-tohos-godzilla-2016-1201464017/|title=Hideaki Anno and Shinji Higuchi to Direct 'Godzilla 2016'|first=Patrick|last=Frater|date=April 1, 2015|work=variety.com|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=September 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924110252/https://variety.com/2015/film/asia/hideaki-anno-and-shinji-higuchi-to-direct-tohos-godzilla-2016-1201464017/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Anno wrote and directed ''[[Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time]]'' (2021), launched in March 2021, after being rescheduled twice due to [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Loo|first=Egan|date=February 26, 2021|title=Final Evangelion Film Rescheduled to March 8 After 2 COVID-19 Delays|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-02-26/final-evangelion-film-rescheduled-to-march-8-after-2-covid-19-delays/.170006|access-date=December 30, 2021|website=Anime News Network|language=en|archive-date=March 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305114051/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-02-26/final-evangelion-film-rescheduled-to-march-8-after-2-covid-19-delays/.170006|url-status=live}}</ref> He stated that Shinji's story was completed, but mentioned that he had more ideas set in ''Evangelion''{{'s}} world.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lacerna|first=Michael|date=August 13, 2021|title=Hideaki Anno Teases A Possible Evangelion Continuation|url=https://www.cbr.com/hideaki-anno-evangelion-continuation/|access-date=December 30, 2021|website=CBR|language=en-US|archive-date=December 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230073902/https://www.cbr.com/hideaki-anno-evangelion-continuation/|url-status=live}}</ref>