Editing Home run (section)

==Types of home runs==
===Out of the park===
[[File:Mets Foul Pole.png|thumb|right|upright|If a batted ball hits the foul pole (orange pole on the right), the ball is fair, and a home run is awarded to the batter.]]
A home run is most often scored when the ball is hit over the outfield wall between the foul poles (in [[fair ball|fair territory]]) before it touches the ground ([[in flight]]), and without being caught or deflected back onto the field by a fielder. A batted ball is also a home run if it touches either a foul pole or its attached screen before touching the ground, as the foul poles are by definition in fair territory. Additionally, many major-league [[ballpark]]s have [[ground rules (baseball)|ground rules]] stating that a batted ball in flight that strikes a specified location or fixed object is a home run; this usually applies to objects that are beyond the outfield wall but are located such that it may be difficult for the umpire to judge.

In professional baseball, a batted ball that goes over the outfield wall ''after'' touching the ground (i.e. a ball that bounces over the outfield wall) becomes an automatic [[double (baseball)|double]]. This is colloquially referred to as a "[[ground rule double]]" even though it is uniform across all of [[Major League Baseball]], per MLB rules 5.05(a)(6) through 5.05(a)(9).<ref name=RULES>{{cite web |url=https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/mlb/ub08blsefk8wkkd2oemz.pdf |title=Official Baseball Rules |date=2019 |via=mlbstatic.com |publisher=Office of the Commissioner of Baseball |access-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220214452/https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/mlb/ub08blsefk8wkkd2oemz.pdf |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{rp|22–23}}

A fielder is allowed to reach over the wall to try to catch the ball as long as his feet are on or over the field during the attempt, and if the fielder successfully catches the ball while it is in flight the batter is out, even if the ball had already passed the vertical plane of the wall. However, since the fielder is not part of the field, a ball that bounces off a fielder (including his glove) and over the wall without touching the ground is still a home run. A fielder may not deliberately throw his [[baseball glove|glove]], [[baseball cap|cap]], or any other equipment or apparel to stop or deflect a fair ball, and an [[umpire (baseball)|umpire]] may award a home run to the batter if a fielder does so on a ball that, in the umpire's judgment, would have otherwise been a home run (this is rare in modern professional baseball).<ref name="rulebook">{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/downloads/y2008/official_rules/07_the_runner.pdf|title=Major League Baseball Rulebook|publisher=[[Major League Baseball]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100319044131/http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/downloads/y2008/official_rules/07_the_runner.pdf |archive-date=March 19, 2010 |access-date=July 16, 2011 }}</ref>

A home run accomplished in any of the above manners is an automatic home run. The ball is dead, even if it rebounds back onto the field (e.g., from striking a foul pole), and the batter and any preceding runners cannot be put out at any time while running the bases. However, if one or more runners fail to touch a base or one runner passes another before reaching home plate, that runner or runners can be called out on [[appeal play|appeal]], though in the case of not touching a base a runner can go back and touch it if doing so will not cause them to be passed by another preceding runner and they have not yet touched the next base (or home plate in the case of missing third base). This stipulation is in Approved Ruling (2) of Rule 7.10(b).<ref name="rulebook" />

===Inside-the-park home run===<!-- This section is linked from [[Roberto Clemente]] -->
{{Main|Inside-the-park home run}}
An [[inside-the-park home run]] is a rare play in which a batter rounds all four bases for a home run without the baseball leaving the field of play. Unlike with an outside-the-park home run, the batter-runner and all preceding runners are liable to be put out by the defensive team at any time while running the bases. This can only happen if the ball does not leave the ballfield.

In the early days of baseball, outfields were much more spacious, reducing the likelihood of an over-the-fence home run, while increasing the likelihood of an inside-the-park home run, as a ball getting past an outfielder had more distance that it could roll before a fielder could track it down.

Modern outfields are much less spacious and more uniformly designed than in the game's early days. Therefore, inside-the-park home runs are now rare. They usually occur when a fast runner hits the ball deep into the outfield and the ball bounces in an unexpected direction away from the nearest outfielder (e.g., off a divot in the field or off the outfield wall), the nearest outfielder is injured on the play and cannot get to the ball, or an outfielder misjudges the flight of the ball in a way that he cannot quickly recover from the mistake (e.g., by diving and missing). The speed of the runner is crucial as even [[Triple (baseball)|triples]] are relatively rare in most modern ballparks.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/video-alex-gordon-injured-on-jason-kipnis-inside-the-park-homer/ |title=Alex Gordon injured on Jason Kipnis inside-the-park homer |access-date=2019-05-27 |language=en}}</ref>

If any defensive play on an inside-the-park home run is labeled an [[error (baseball)|error]] by the official scorer, a home run is not scored. Instead, it is scored as a [[single (baseball)|single]], [[double (baseball)|double]], or [[triple (baseball)|triple]], and the [[batter-runner]] and any applicable preceding runners are said to have taken all additional bases on error. All runs scored on such a play, however, still count.

An example of an unexpected bounce occurred during the [[2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game]] at [[AT&T Park]] in San Francisco on July 10, 2007. [[Ichiro Suzuki]] of the [[American League]] team hit a fly ball that caromed off the right-center field wall in the opposite direction from where [[National League (baseball)|National League]] right fielder [[Ken Griffey Jr.]] was expecting it to go. By the time the ball was relayed, Ichiro had already crossed the plate standing up. This was the first inside-the-park home run in [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game|All-Star Game]] history and led to Suzuki being named the game's [[Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award|Most Valuable Player]].