Editing Horizontal integration (section)

==Horizontal alliance==
{{main|Business alliance}}
Horizontal integration is related to horizontal alliance (also known as horizontal cooperation). However, in the case of a horizontal alliance, the partnering companies set up a contract, but remain independent. For example, Raue & Wieland (2015) describe the example of legally independent [[logistics service provider]]s who cooperate.<ref name="rauewieland">{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1108/IJLM-08-2012-0083|title = The interplay of different types of governance in horizontal cooperations|journal = The International Journal of Logistics Management|volume = 26|issue = 2|pages = 401–423|year = 2015|last1 = Raue|first1 = Jan Simon|last2 = Wieland|first2 = Andreas|url = https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/files/44030905/andreas_wieland_interplay_different_types_postprint.pdf|hdl = 10398/4de0953a-3920-409a-b63a-60342c976528| s2cid=166497725 |hdl-access = free}}</ref> Such an alliance relates to [[competition]].