Editing Humana (section)

==History==

===1961–1983: Nursing homes and hospitals===
Lawyers David A. Jones Sr. and [[Wendell Cherry]] founded a [[nursing home]] company in 1961.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Larson|first=Chris|date=February 20, 2020|title=Major Humana investor sheds half of its holdings in the company|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2020/02/20/major-humana-investor-sheds-half-of-its-holdings.html|website=Louisville Business First|access-date=April 26, 2024|archive-date=February 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213085510/https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2020/02/20/major-humana-investor-sheds-half-of-its-holdings.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The company, known in 1968 as Extendicare Inc., became the largest nursing home company in the United States. In 1972, Jones and Cherry sold the nursing home chain to purchase [[hospitals]].<ref name=biz>{{cite web|author1=Steve Ivey and Ed Green|title=Humana's history has been one of recognizing opportunities|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/print-edition/2011/11/11/humanas-history-has-been-one-of.html?page=all|publisher=American City Business Journals|access-date=March 23, 2015|date=November 11, 2011|archive-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402205754/http://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/print-edition/2011/11/11/humanas-history-has-been-one-of.html?page=all|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1974, the partners changed the corporate name to Humana Inc.<ref name=biz/> The name was meant to change public perception from 'warehousing' or indifferently treating people to providing a higher level of human care and, by extension, more humane care.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nhd0aQe0YH0C&q=humana|title=Kiss & Sell: Writing for Advertising: (Redesigned & Rekissed)|first=Robert|last=Sawyer|date=August 16, 2006|publisher=AVA Publishing|via=Google Books|isbn=9782940373468|access-date=November 28, 2020|archive-date=April 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426162015/https://books.google.com/books?id=nhd0aQe0YH0C&q=humana#v=snippet&q=humana&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> It grew in the following years, both by business and in 1978 through the takeover of American Medicorp Inc.,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/12/22/archives/twa-plans-offer-for-medicorp-shares-medicorp-takeover-planned-by.html|title=T. W. A. Plans Offer For Medicorp Shares|last=Cole|first=Robert J.|date=December 22, 1977|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=January 24, 2017|archive-date=August 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813011203/http://www.nytimes.com/1977/12/22/archives/twa-plans-offer-for-medicorp-shares-medicorp-takeover-planned-by.html|url-status=live}}</ref> which doubled the company's size, and grew into the world's largest hospital company in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/humana-profits-over-peopl_b_327311.html|title=Humana: Profits Over People|first1=Peter|last1=Dreier|date=March 18, 2010|website=The Huffington Post|access-date=January 24, 2017|archive-date=February 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202023146/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/humana-profits-over-peopl_b_327311.html|url-status=live}}</ref> During this period, Humana developed the double corridor model for hospital construction. This design minimized the distance between patients and nurses by placing nursing support services in the interior of the building with patient rooms surrounding the perimeter.{{Citation needed|date=April 2008}}

===1984–present===
As the [[American health care system]] changed in the 1980s, "one of its hospitals in Arizona lost a contract with the largest health-maintenance organization in the area [and] Humana created its own [[health insurance]] plan."<ref name=biz/>

In 1993, Humana had become the largest hospital operator in the country, owning 77 hospitals.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}} Humana executives spun off hospital operations from health insurance operations to create Galen Health Care. The following year they sold the 73 hospitals of Galen Health Care Inc. to Nashville-based Columbia [[Hospital Corporation of America]] for $3.4 billion.<ref name=biz/>

In 1998, one year after Jones had stepped aside as CEO, [[United Healthcare]] made an unsuccessful attempt to acquire Humana.<ref name=biz/> Humana pulled out of the acquisition after United stock dropped $2.9 billion in value.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB902713934522640500|title=Humana Walks Away From Merger After United HealthCare Stock Falls|last=Burton|first=Thomas M.|date=August 10, 1998|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|issn=0099-9660|access-date=January 23, 2017|archive-date=June 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625084224/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB902713934522640500|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2001, Humana was a cofounder of Avality.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mathis|first=Karen Brune|url=https://www.jaxdailyrecord.com/showstory.php?Story_id=531565|title=Availity: from scratch to 300 employees and 700 million transactions|work=[[Financial News & Daily Record]]|date=July 30, 2010|access-date=August 17, 2016|archive-date=December 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222155908/https://www.jaxdailyrecord.com/showstory.php?Story_id=531565|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2005, Humana entered into a [[business partnership]] with [[Virgin Group]], offering financial incentives to members for healthy behavior, such as regular exercise.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Green|first=Ed|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/stories/2006/03/20/daily28.html|title=Humana, Virgin launch health rewards program in Louisville|work=[[Louisville Business First|Business First]]|date=March 23, 2006|access-date=January 23, 2017|archive-date=February 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202021125/http://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/stories/2006/03/20/daily28.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On November 16, 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Humana Inc. partnered to expand on traditional private-sector approaches to population health management.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.humana.com/press-release/current-releases/cdc-and-humana-partner-create-next-generation-public-health|title=CDC and Humana Partner to Create Next Generation of Public Health; Alliance to Leverage Private-Sector Resources to Address Chronic Diseases|publisher=Humana|date=November 16, 2006|access-date=October 21, 2013|archive-date=July 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701113133/http://press.humana.com/press-release/current-releases/cdc-and-humana-partner-create-next-generation-public-health|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2010, Humana bought Texas-based [[Concentra]] Inc., which owns urgent-care and physical therapy centers, for $790 million, effectively returning to healthcare services.<ref name=biz/> In May 2011, Humana announced it would be using [[mobileStorm]] to transmit protected health information to patients.<ref>[http://www.smartphonehc.com/2011/05/27/mobilestorm-launches-first-hipaa-compliant-cloud-based-mhealth-communication-platform-announces-humana-as-a-beta-client/ mobileStorm Launches First HIPAA-Compliant, Cloud-based mHealth Communication Platform; Announces Humana as a Beta Client] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629060551/http://www.smartphonehc.com/2011/05/27/mobilestorm-launches-first-hipaa-compliant-cloud-based-mhealth-communication-platform-announces-humana-as-a-beta-client/ |date=June 29, 2017 }}. Smart Phone Health Care. May 27, 2011.</ref>

In March 2015, Humana announced the sale of Concentra to private equity firm [[Welsh, Carson, Anderson & Stowe]] and [[Select Medical Holdings Corporation]] for about $1 billion, with proceeds to fund a "$2 billion share buyback program and other corporate spending."<ref name=reu>{{cite news|title=Humana to sell Concentra medical center unit for $1 billion|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-humana-welshcarson-m-a-idUSKBN0MJ1GF20150323|access-date=March 23, 2015|work=Reuters|date=March 23, 2015|archive-date=December 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223045420/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-humana-welshcarson-m-a-idUSKBN0MJ1GF20150323|url-status=live}}</ref>

In July 2015, [[Aetna]] announced that it would acquire Humana for $37 billion in cash and stock (approximately $230 a share at that time). Aetna and Humana shareholders would own 74% and 26% of the new combined company, however the merger was blocked by a federal judge in January 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150702005935/en/Aetna-Acquire-Humana-37-Billion-Combined-Entity#.VZZFMuMayc3|title=Aetna Acquiring Humana for $37 Billion|publisher=BusinessWire|date=July 3, 2015|access-date=April 26, 2024|archive-date=February 17, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217115753/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150702005935/en/Aetna-Acquire-Humana-37-Billion-Combined-Entity#.VZZFMuMayc3|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cancryn|first=Adam|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2017/01/judge-block-aetna-humana-merger-234043|title=Judge blocks major health insurance merger|work=[[Politico]]|date=January 23, 2017|access-date=January 23, 2017|archive-date=January 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125173955/http://www.politico.com/story/2017/01/judge-block-aetna-humana-merger-234043|url-status=live}}</ref> In February 2017, [[Aetna Inc.]] and Humana Inc. quashed a $34 billion merger agreement after judges ruled against the merger for a second time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/cigna-calls-off-merger-with-anthem-1487104016|title=Antitrust Rulings Put Chill on Health-Insurance Mergers|last1=Wilde Mathews|first1=Anna|last2=Kendall|first2=Brent|date=February 15, 2017|publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=February 15, 2017|archive-date=March 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313052135/https://www.wsj.com/articles/cigna-calls-off-merger-with-anthem-1487104016|url-status=live}}</ref>

In July 2018, Humana joined two [[private equity firm]]s in the acquisition of [[Kindred Healthcare]]. The deal provided Humana with a 40% stake in the company's home health, hospice and community care businesses, called "Kindred at Home," for approximately $800 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2018/04/05/kindred-shareholders-approve-humana-deal/#70cd41d478fa|title=Kindred Shareholders Approve Humana Deal|last=Japsen|first=Bruce|date=April 5, 2018|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=September 28, 2018|archive-date=April 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410211105/https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2018/04/05/kindred-shareholders-approve-humana-deal/#70cd41d478fa|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2018/09/20/humana-cfo-what-were-trying-to-do-with-health-care.html|title=Humana CFO: 'What we're trying to do with health care is fundamental transformation'|last=Larson|first=Chris|date=September 20, 2018|publisher=Louisiana Business First|access-date=September 28, 2018|archive-date=August 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815040226/https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2018/09/20/humana-cfo-what-were-trying-to-do-with-health-care.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In August 2018, Humana announced the creation of a digital health and analytics division called Humana Studio H.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Greer|first=Carolyn|date=August 27, 2018|title=Humana plans new analytics division – here's where it's going|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2018/08/27/humana-plans-new-analytics-division-heres-where.html|website=Louisville Business First|access-date=April 26, 2024|archive-date=February 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213090129/https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2018/08/27/humana-plans-new-analytics-division-heres-where.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2019, the company announced it would acquire Enclara Healthcare from Consonance Capital Partners and Enclara management.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Humana to Acquire Enclara Healthcare|url=https://www.biospace.com/article/humana-to-acquire-enclara-healthcare/|access-date=July 1, 2020|website=BioSpace|language=en-US|archive-date=July 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701171140/https://www.biospace.com/article/humana-to-acquire-enclara-healthcare/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2021, Susan Diamond, formerly occupying an interim position, was announced to be the new permanent CFO. Her appointment to the position comes with the company's focus being turned towards the home healthcare business, acquiring in April of the same year a 60% stake in Kindred at Home, an in-home care and hospice business.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maidenberg|first=Micah|date=April 27, 2021|title=Humana Buying Out Partners in Home-Health Business|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/humana-buying-out-partners-in-home-health-business-11619562869|access-date=June 30, 2021|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630000553/https://www.wsj.com/articles/humana-buying-out-partners-in-home-health-business-11619562869|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Humana Announces Plan for CFO Transition|url=https://press.humana.com/news/news-details/2021/Humana-Announces-Plan-for-CFO-Transition/default.aspx|access-date=June 30, 2021|website=press.humana.com|language=en-US|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181720/https://press.humana.com/news/news-details/2021/Humana-Announces-Plan-for-CFO-Transition/default.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sebastian|first=Kristin Broughton and Dave|date=June 28, 2021|title=Health Insurer Humana Makes Its Interim CFO Permanent|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/health-insurer-humana-makes-its-interim-cfo-permanent-11624905340|access-date=June 30, 2021|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=June 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629181903/https://www.wsj.com/articles/health-insurer-humana-makes-its-interim-cfo-permanent-11624905340|url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2022, it was announced Humana would sell a 60% interest of its Kindred at Home division to the private investment company, [[Clayton, Dubilier & Rice]], for US$2.8 billion.<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 21, 2022 |title=Humana to sell majority stake in hospice business to CD&R for $2.8 billion |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/humana-sell-majority-stake-hospice-business-cdr-28-billion-2022-04-21/ |access-date=April 30, 2022 |archive-date=April 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430120750/https://www.reuters.com/business/humana-sell-majority-stake-hospice-business-cdr-28-billion-2022-04-21/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2023, Humana announced they were exiting the employer-based commercial group insurance market. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Humana to Exit Employer Group Commercial Medical Products Business |url=https://press.humana.com/news/news-details/2023/Humana-to-Exit-Employer-Group-Commercial-Medical-Products-Business/default.aspx |access-date=August 24, 2023 |website=press.humana.com |language=en-US |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824221127/https://press.humana.com/news/news-details/2023/Humana-to-Exit-Employer-Group-Commercial-Medical-Products-Business/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>