Editing Hypersomnia (section)

== Symptoms ==
The main symptom of hypersomnia is [[excessive daytime sleepiness]] (EDS), or prolonged nighttime sleep,<ref>{{Cite web |title= NINDS Hypersomnia information page |url= http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/hypersomnia/hypersomnia.htm |access-date= 2009-01-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090825020421/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/hypersomnia/hypersomnia.htm |archive-date= 2009-08-25 |url-status= dead }}</ref> which has occurred for at least 3 months prior to diagnosis.<ref name="Dauvilliers">{{cite journal |title=Differential Diagnosis in Hypersomnia |author=Dauvilliers, Yves|journal=Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=156–162 |year=2006 |doi=10.1007/s11910-996-0039-2 |pmid=16522270 |s2cid=43410010 |display-authors=etal}}</ref>

Sleep drunkenness is also a symptom found in hypersomniac patients.<ref name="Roth">Roth, B. (1972). Hypersomnia With « Sleep Drunkenness ». ''Archives of General Psychiatry, 26''(5), 456. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750230066013</ref><ref name="Trotti">Trotti, L. M. (2017). Waking up is the hardest thing I do all day: Sleep inertia and sleep drunkenness. ''Sleep medicine reviews, 35'', 76–84.</ref> It is a difficulty transitioning from sleep to wake.<ref name="Trotti"/> Individuals experiencing sleep drunkenness report waking with confusion, disorientation, slowness and repeated returns to sleep.<ref name="Roth"/><ref>Vernet, C., & Arnulf, I. (2009). Idiopathic hypersomnia with and without long sleep time: A controlled series of 75 patients. ''Sleep, 32''(6), 753–759.</ref>

It also appears in non-hypersomniac persons, for example after a night of insufficient sleep.<ref name="Roth"/> Fatigue and consumption of alcohol or hypnotics can cause sleep drunkenness as well.<ref name="Roth"/> It is also associated with irritability: people who get angry shortly before sleeping tend to experience sleep drunkenness.<ref name="Roth"/>

According to the [[American Academy of Sleep Medicine]], hypersomniac patients often take long naps during the day that are mostly unrefreshing.<ref name="AASM" /> Researchers found that naps are usually more frequent and longer in patients than in controls.<ref name="Vernet">Vernet, C., Leu-Semenescu, S., Buzare, M.-A., & Arnulf, I. (2010). Subjective symptoms in idiopathic hypersomnia: Beyond excessive sleepiness. ''Journal of sleep research, 19''(4), 525–534.</ref> Furthermore, 75% of the patients report that short naps are not refreshing either, compared to controls.<ref name="Vernet"/>