Editing ICM Partners (section)

==History==
=== Formation and growth ===
'''International Creative Management''' was formed in 1975 through the merger of [[Marvin Josephson]]'s [[International Famous Agency]] and [[Freddie Fields]]' [[Creative Management Associates]] (CMA).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/31/arts/television/marvin-josephson-dead.html|title=Marvin Josephson, Who Scored Big Deals for Stars, Dies at 95|first=Neil|last=Genzlinger|newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 31, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/marvin-josephson-dead-icm-founder-1235150093/|title=Marvin Josephson, Founder of ICM, Dies at 95|first1=Mike|last1=Barnes|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=May 19, 2022}}</ref><ref name=Variety>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/marvin-josephson-dead-icm-founder-1235271503/|title=Marvin Josephson, Founder of ICM Partners, Dies at 95|first1=J. Kim|last1=Murphy|date=May 19, 2022|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref><ref name="Abramowitz">{{cite book|title=Is That a Gun In Your Pocket? Women's Experience of Power in Hollywood|last=Abramowitz|first=Rachel|year=2000|publisher=[[Random House]]|edition=hardcover|location=New York}}</ref>{{rp|51}} ICM's first president was Freddie Fields,<ref name=USATodayObit>[https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-12-12-freddie-fields-obit_N.htm USA Today: "Legendary producer/agent Freddie Fields dies" by John Rogers] December 12, 2007</ref> although he did not last long in the role.<ref>{{cite news|title=Freddie Fields Will Leave Talent Agency to Do Films|date=June 18, 1975|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/06/18/archives/freddie-fields-will-leave-talent-agency-to-do-films.html}}</ref> Other important figures in the merger were [[Sam Cohn]]<ref name=NewYorker>{{cite magazine|first=Mark|last=Singer|title=Profiles: Dealmaker|pages=40–84|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|date=January 11, 1982|url=https://archives.newyorker.com/newyorker/1982-01-11/flipbook/040/|format=fee required|accessdate=May 9, 2009}}</ref> and [[Guy McElwaine]] of CMA.

In 1985, ICM acquired London-based talent agency [[Duncan Heath]] Associates, which in 1991 merged with ICM London, with Heath became chairman of the merged company.
<ref name="ft">{{cite news|url=http://specials.ft.com/creativebusiness/jan292002/FT3Z198C0XC.html|work=[[Financial Times]]|access-date= 16 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020414104843/http://specials.ft.com/creativebusiness/jan292002/FT3Z198C0XC.html|archive-date=14 April 2002|title=AGENT PROVOCATEUR|first=Sathnam|last=Sanghera|date=January 28, 2002}}</ref>

"In 1992, Josephson passed control of ICM onto Jeff Berg, [[Sam Cohn]], and Jim Wiatt, though Josephson maintained a leadership role and continued to represent personal clients."<ref name=Variety />

In 2005, the company raised a financing round of $75 million from [[Rizvi Traverse]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/icm-buyout-jeff-berg-328677|title=ICM Finalizes Management Buyout; Partnership Excludes Former Chairman Jeff Berg|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=2017-12-24|language=en}}</ref>

In 2006, ICM acquired the literary agency Broder Webb Chervin Silbermann.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-jul-29-fi-silbermann29-story.html|title=From Boutique Agency to ICM Brass|last=Hoffman|first=Claire|date=2006-07-29|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-12-24|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035}}</ref>

=== ICM Partners ===
In 2012, the agency completed a management buyout and formed a partnership with the new name, '''ICM Partners'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/icm-buyout-jeff-berg-328677/|title=ICM Finalizes Management Buyout; Partnership Excludes Former Chairman Jeff Berg|first1=Daniel|last1=Miller|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=May 23, 2012}}</ref>

In March 2018, ICM acquired the [[Just For Laughs]] comedy festival, as part of a partnership with [[Howie Mandel]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Just For Laughs sold to Howie Mandel and American company|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/just-for-laughs-sale-icm-partners-howie-mandel-2018-1.4585651|website=CBC News|access-date=21 March 2018|date=21 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/opinion/columnists/howie-mandel-joins-icm-partners-to-buy-just-for-laughs|title='Montreal is the mecca': Howie Mandel joins JFL bid, will keep HQ here|date=2018-03-21|work=Montreal Gazette|access-date=2018-03-21|language=en-US}}</ref> A 51% majority was later sold to [[Bell Media]] and [[Montreal Canadiens|Groupe CH]] to maintain a primarily-Canadian ownership.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-06-08|title=Bell Media, Groupe CH among group that has acquired Just For Laughs|language=en-US|work=Montreal Gazette|url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/bell-media-groupe-ch-among-group-that-has-acquired-just-for-laughs|access-date=2018-06-08}}</ref> In June that year, ICM formed a partnership with esports-focused talent agency Evolved.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/icm-partners-evolved-1202845991/|title=ICM Partners Teams Up With Esports Talent Agency Evolved|last=Fogel|first=Stefanie|date=2018-06-14|work=Variety|access-date=2018-06-15|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://deadline.com/2018/06/icm-partners-esports-evolved-joint-venture-1202410240/|title=ICM Partners Inks Partnership With Esports Talent Agency Evolved|last=Hipes|first=Patrick|date=2018-06-14|work=Deadline|access-date=2018-06-15|language=en-US}}</ref>

In December 2019, ICM Partners sold a one-third equity stake in the company to Crestview Partners, with the expressed goal to grow the company within the representation business with an emphasis on International growth.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/biz/news/icm-partners-crestview-partners-sell-stake-1203439607/|title=ICM Partners Sells One-Third Stake to Crestview Partners for $150 Million|first1=Cynthia|last1=Littleton|date=December 16, 2019}}</ref>

In March 2020, ICM partnered with Primary Talent International, a London-based music touring agency with over 700 touring clients.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/9331743/icm-partners-acquires-uk-primary-talent-international|title=ICM Partners Acquires U.K. Music Agency Primary Talent International|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> In August, they bought a significant minority interest in Albatros, a literary agency based in Stockholm and moved partner Pete Stone to Sweden to run ICM Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Andreeva|first1=Nellie|date=August 12, 2020|title=ICM Partners Acquires Stake In Swedish Lit Agency Albatros; Pete Stone Will Relocate To Stockholm To Spearhead Joint Efforts|url=https://deadline.com/2020/08/icm-partners-acquires-stake-swedish-lit-agency-albatros-pete-stone-relocate-1203010922/|website=Deadline}}</ref> In October, the agency purchased Stellar Group, the largest football/soccer agency in the world and rebranded it ICM Stellar Sports.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2020-10-08/icm-partners-stellar-group-acquisition|title=ICM Partners buys Stellar Group, with 800 athlete clients|date=October 8, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> (Stellar Group CEO Jonathan Barnett was listed by Forbes as the No. 1 sports agent in the world by Forbes magazine in 2019.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonbelzer/2019/10/21/most-powerful-sports-agents/|title=The World's Most Powerful Sports Agents 2019: Soccer's Jonathan Barnett Takes Over At No. 1|first=Jason|last=Belzer|website=Forbes}}</ref>

In July 2021, ICM Partners and ICM Stellar Sports purchased one of the leading NFL representation agencies, Select Sports Group, a Texas based company headed up by Jeff Nalley and Erik Burkhardt.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com:443/Daily/Issues/2021/07/27/Labor%20and%20Agents/ICM%20Stellar.aspx|title=ICM Stellar Sports sees Select acquisition as first major growth step|website=www.sportsbusinessjournal.com}}</ref>

=== Acquisition by CAA ===
In September 2021, it was announced that ICM would be acquired by [[Creative Artists Agency]] (CAA).<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fleming|first1=Mike Jr.|last2=Andreeva|first2=Nellie|url=https://deadline.com/2021/09/caa-acquiring-icm-partners-1234844517/|title=CAA Acquiring ICM Partners; Will Be Biggest Agency Link-Up Since WMA-Endeavor|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=September 27, 2021|access-date=September 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927232001/https://deadline.com/2021/09/caa-acquiring-icm-partners-1234844517/|archive-date=September 27, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> The deal closed in June 2022 at a value of $750&nbsp;million. Following the acquisition, 105 positions from ICM were set to be eliminated, with about 425 staffers and agents joining CAA.<ref>{{cite news|last=Welk|first=Brian|url=https://www.thewrap.com/caa-icm-acquisition-deal-closes/|title=CAA Completes ICM Acquisition in $750&nbsp;Million Deal|work=[[TheWrap]]|date=June 28, 2022|access-date=June 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628212214/https://www.thewrap.com/caa-icm-acquisition-deal-closes/|archive-date=June 28, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>