Editing Ian Holm (section)

==Early life and education==
Ian Holm Cuthbert was born on 12 September 1931 in [[Goodmayes]], [[Essex]], to Scottish parents, James Cuthbert and his wife Jean (née Holm). His father was a [[psychiatrist]] who worked as the superintendent of the [[Goodmayes Hospital|West Ham Corporation Mental Hospital]] and was one of the pioneers of [[Electroconvulsive therapy|electric shock therapy]]; his mother was a nurse.<ref name="Guardian Obit"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Ian Holm |url=http://www.channel4.com/film/reviews/person.jsp?id=12990 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218062744/http://www.channel4.com/film/reviews/person.jsp?id=12990 |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 December 2007 |work=Channel 4 Film |year=2008 |access-date=22 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ian Holm – Family and Companions |url=http://au.movies.yahoo.com/Ian+Holm/biography/122636/family | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060114084205/http://au.movies.yahoo.com/Ian+Holm/biography/122636/family/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=14 January 2006 |work=Yahoo! Movies |year=2008 | access-date=22 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Excerpts from ''Loch Ness'' Presskit (1995) |url=http://www.aboutjamesfrain.com/pr28.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040702142255/http://www.aboutjamesfrain.com/pr28.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 July 2004 |work=aboutjamesfrain |date=18 April 2004 |access-date=27 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sweet |first1=Matthew |title=Film: Napoleon Complex |work=The Independent |date=16 January 2004 |pages=8, 9}}</ref> He had an older brother, who died when Ian was 12 years old.<ref name=Strachan>Alan Strachan (2020) [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ian-holm-obituary-death-bilbo-baggins-lord-of-the-rings-a9575566.html "Ian Holm: Versatile actor whose measured, gritty performances took him from Shakespeare to Hollywood"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622022626/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ian-holm-obituary-death-bilbo-baggins-lord-of-the-rings-a9575566.html |date=22 June 2020 }} ''[[The Independent]]''. Published 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> Holm was educated at the independent [[Chigwell School]] in Essex.<ref name="Guardian Obit">Michael Billington & Ryan Gilbey (2020) [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/19/sir-ian-holm-obituary "Sir Ian Holm obituary"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20200619162827/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/19/sir-ian-holm-obituary |date=19 June 2020 }} ''[[The Guardian]]''. Published 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref><ref name=Strachan/> His parents retired to [[Mortehoe]] in Devon and then to [[Worthing]], where he joined an amateur dramatic society.<ref name=ActingMyLife>{{cite book |year=2004 |author=Ian Holm with Steven Jacobi |isbn=978-0-593-05214-3 |title=Acting My Life – Ian Holm |publisher=Bantam Books}}</ref>

A chance encounter with [[Henry Baynton]], a well-known provincial Shakespearean actor, helped Holm train for admission to the [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]], where he secured a place from 1950.<ref name="Guardian Obit"/><ref name="BBC Holm Obit"/> His studies were interrupted a year later when he was called up for [[Conscription in the United Kingdom|National Service]] in the [[British Army]],<ref name="BBC Holm Obit"/> during which he was posted to [[Klagenfurt]], Austria, and attained the rank of [[Lance Corporal]]. They were interrupted a second time when he volunteered to go on an acting tour of the United States in 1952.<ref name=ActingMyLife /> Holm graduated from the [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] in 1953.<ref name="Guardian Obit"/> 

He made his stage debut in 1954, at [[Stratford-upon-Avon]], playing a [[spear carrier]] in a staging of ''[[Othello]]''.<ref name=NYTObit>Mel Gussow (2020) [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/19/obituaries/ian-holm-dead.html "Ian Holm, Malleable Actor Who Played Lear and a Hobbit, Dies at 88"] ''[[The New York Times]]''. Published 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> Two years later, he made his London stage debut in ''Love Affair''.<ref name=NYTObit/>