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Implosion (mechanical process)
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== Examples == ===Nuclear weapons=== In an implosion-type [[nuclear weapon design]], a sphere of [[plutonium]], [[uranium]], or other [[fissile]] material is imploded by a spherical arrangement of explosive charges. This decreases the material's volume and thus increases its density by a factor of two to three, causing it to reach [[critical mass]] and create a [[nuclear explosion]]. In some forms of [[thermonuclear weapons]], the energy from this explosion is then used to implode a capsule of fusion fuel before igniting it, causing a [[nuclear fusion|fusion reaction]] (see [[Teller–Ulam design]]). In general, the use of radiation to implode something, as in a hydrogen bomb or in laser driven [[inertial confinement fusion]], is known as [[radiation implosion]]. ===Fluid dynamics=== [[Cavitation]] (bubble formation/collapse in a fluid) involves an implosion process. When a cavitation bubble forms in a liquid (for example, by a high-speed water [[propeller]]), this bubble is typically rapidly collapsed—imploded—by the surrounding liquid. ===Astrophysics=== Implosion is a key part of the [[gravitational collapse]] of large [[star]]s, which can lead to the creation of [[supernova]]s, [[neutron star]]s and [[black hole]]s. In the most common case, the innermost part of a large star (called the [[stellar core|core]]) stops burning and without this source of [[heat]], the forces holding [[electron]]s and [[proton]]s apart are no longer strong enough to do so. The core collapses in on itself exceedingly quickly, and becomes a [[neutron star]] or [[black hole]]; the outer layers of the original star fall inwards and may rebound off the newly created neutron star (if one was created), creating a [[supernova]]. === Cathode-ray tube and fluorescent lighting implosion === A high vacuum exists within all [[cathode-ray tube]]s. If the outer glass envelope is damaged, a dangerous implosion may occur. The implosion may scatter glass pieces at dangerous speeds. While modern CRTs used in televisions and computer displays have epoxy-bonded face-plates or other measures to prevent shattering of the envelope, CRTs removed from equipment must be handled carefully to avoid injury.<ref name='Bali'>{{cite book | last = Bali | first = S.P. | title = Colour Television: Theory and Practice | publisher = Tata McGraw-Hill | date = 1994-06-01 | page = 129 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=53nnX4fnnNIC&pg=PA129 | isbn = 9780074600245 | url-status = live | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170321123205/https://books.google.com/books?id=53nnX4fnnNIC&pg=PA129 | archivedate = 2017-03-21 }}</ref> [[File:CRT implosion.JPG|thumb|Implosion of a CRT, photographed with a high speed [[air-gap flash]] ]] [[File:Imploding vacuum tube.JPG|thumb|Imploding [[vacuum tube]], photographed with high speed [[air-gap flash]] ]] ===Controlled structure demolition=== {{main|Building implosion}} The [[demolition]] of large buildings using precisely placed and timed explosions so that the structure collapses on itself is often erroneously described as ''implosion''.
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