Editing Inessive case (section)

==Finnish==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
The [[Finnish language]] inessive uses the [[suffix]] {{lang|fi|-ssa}} or {{lang|fi|-ssä}} (depending on [[vowel harmony]]). It is usually added to [[noun]]s and associated [[adjective]]s.

It is used in the following ways:

* Expressing the static state of being in something.
::{{lang|fi|asumme Suome'''ssa'''}} = ''we live in [[Finland]]''

* (with time expressions) stating how long something took to be accomplished or done
:possible [[English language|English]] [[translation]]s include ''in, within''
::{{lang|fi|kahde'''ssa''' vuode'''ssa'''}} = ''within 2 years, during 2 years''

* when two things are closely connected
:English translations can include ''on'' in phrases of this type
::{{lang|fi|N.N. puhelime'''ssa'''}} = ''N.N. on the phone'' {{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
::{{lang|fi|sormus on sorme'''ssa'''ni}} = ''the [[Ring (jewellery)|ring]] is on my [[finger]]''

*as an existensial clause with the [[verb]] {{lang|fi|olla}} (to be), to express possession of objects
::{{lang|fi|sanomalehde'''ssä''' on 68 sivua}} = ''the [[newspaper]] has 68 pages''

*with the verb {{lang|fi|käydä}}, {{lang|fi|vierailla}}
::{{lang|fi|minä käyn baari'''ssa'''}} = ''I visit the bar''

*There are both [[Singular (grammatical number)|singular]] and [[plural]] forms
::{{lang|fi|Käyn baareissa}} = ''I visit the bars''

=== Dialectal variants ===
In a large part of the [[Southwest Finnish dialects|southwestern]], [[South Ostrobothnian dialect|south Ostrobothnian]], [[South Karelian dialects|southeastern]] as well as in some [[Tavastian dialects]], the suffix is simply ''-s'' (e.g. ''maas'', ''talos''), similarly to Estonian. This is an example of [[apocope]]. When coupled with a [[Possessive affix|possessive suffix]],  the result can be like in standard Finnish "''maassani, talossani''" or a shorter "''maasani, talosani''" depending on the dialect: the former is more common in Tavastian and southeastern dialects while the latter is more common in southwestern dialects.

Most [[Central and Northern Ostrobothnian dialects|central and northern Ostrobothnian dialects]] as well as some [[Southwest Finnish dialects|southwestern]] and [[Peräpohjola dialects]] use a shorter suffix ''-sa/-sä'', e.g. ''maasa, talosa''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inessiivin päätteet|url=http://sokl.uef.fi/aineistot/aidinkieli/murteet/inessiiv.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512163104/http://sokl.uef.fi/aineistot/aidinkieli/murteet/inessiiv.html|archive-date=May 12, 2021|access-date=July 12, 2022|website=sokl.uef.fi|language=fi}}</ref>