Editing Instructive case (section)

== Uralic languages ==
In [[Finnish language|Finnish]], the instructive case is used to indicate means, manner, instrument, location, or time. It is almost exclusively used in [[fixed expression]]s, such as in {{lang|fi|omin silmin}} 'with one's own eyes'.{{sfnp|Karlsson|2018|p=264}} However, the instructive is [[productive (linguistics)|productive]] for [[infinitive]] verbal constructions to indicate manner, as in {{lang|fi|nauraen}} 'laughing': {{lang|fi|He astuivat '''nauraen''' sisään}} 'They stepped in through the door '''laughing'''<nowiki>'</nowiki>.{{sfnp|Karlsson|2018|p=265, 353}}

In modern Finnish, many of its [[Instrumental case|instrumental]] uses are being superseded by the [[adessive case]], as in ''minä matkustin '''junalla'''<nowiki></nowiki>'' 'I travelled '''by train'''<nowiki>'</nowiki>.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}

The instructive case is only marginally present in Estonian in lexicalized expressions. Language reformers of the 20th century did try to revive it, but with little success.{{sfnp|Metslang|2017|p=302}}