Editing Intellect (section)

==Etymology and meanings==
In [[Platonism]], ''dianoia'' ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]]: [[:Wiktionary:διάνοια|διάνοια]]) is the human [[cognition|cognitive]] capacity for, process of, or result of ''[[discursive reasoning]]'', specifically about mathematical and technical subjects. It stands in contrast to the immediate, cognitive process of ''[[intuition|intuitive apprehension]]'' or ''noesis'' ([[wikt:noesis|noesis]]).{{sfnp|Hendrix|2015|p=114}}{{efn|In [[pharmacology]], the term ''dianoia'' refers to a rare side effect of selective [[serotonin]] reuptake inhibitors where a significant disruption occurs simultaneously in the psychological state (hallucinations, delusions, paranoia) and the lower digestive tract.}}

=== Intellect and intelligence ===
As a branch of [[intelligence]], intellect primarily concerns the [[logical]] and [[rational]] functions of the human mind, emphasizing [[factual knowledge]] and [[analytical reasoning]].{{sfnmp|1a1=Bergson|1y=1911|2a1=Guilford|2y=1967|3a1=Gardner|3y=1983|4a1=Damasio|4y=1994}} Additional to the functions of [[linear logic]] and the patterns of [[formal logic]] the intellect also processes the non-linear functions of [[fuzzy logic]] and [[dialectical logic]].{{sfnp|Rowan|1989}}

Intellect and intelligence are contrasted by etymology; derived from the Latin [[present active participle]] {{Lang|la|intelligere}}, the term ''intelligence'' denotes "to gather in between", whereas the term ''intellect'', derived from the [[past participle]] of {{Lang|la|intelligere}}, denotes "what has been gathered". Therefore, intelligence relates to the creation of new categories of understanding, based upon similarities and differences, while intellect relates to understanding existing [[Categorization|categories]].{{sfnp|Bohm|Peat|1987|p=114}}