Editing Intense pulsed light (section)

==Description==
''Intense pulsed light'' is the use of intense [[Pulse (physics)|pulses]] of non-[[coherent light]] over a range of [[wavelength]]s from approximately 500&nbsp;nm to approximately 1200&nbsp;nm.<ref name=IPLS>{{cite web|title=Intense Pulsed Light Systems|url=http://www.palomarmedical.com/uploaddocs/intense-pulsed-light-systems.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127221735/http://palomarmedical.com/uploadDocs/Intense-Pulsed-Light-Systems.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 November 2010|publisher=HMP Communications|access-date=2 August 2012}}</ref> Linear Xenon flashlamps produce high output bursts of broad spectrum. The flashlamp is typically cooled by water flow in a glass tube concentric with the flashlamp. In addition to its cooling of the flashlamp, the water envelope also filters out longer wavelength infrared light that is heavily absorbed in water and could damage the patient's skin that has a high concentration of water. Light generated by the flashlamp is typically coupled to the skin by cooled (in many cases) lightguides which are also used to protect the skin in contact with the device.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lahiri|first=Koushik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-HKJDAAAQBAJ&q=Xenon%20flash%20lamps%20produce%20high%20output%20bursts%20of%20broad%20spectrum.%20Cooling%20is%20used%20to%20protect%20the%20skin%20in%20contact%20with%20the%20device.&pg=PA54|title=Textbook of Lasers in Dermatology|date=2016-07-30|publisher=JP Medical Ltd|isbn=978-93-85999-62-8|language=en}}</ref> 

Regulations governing IPL vary by jurisdiction.<ref name="DOH">{{cite web|title=Laser Information |url=http://www.doh.state.fl.us/MQA/medical/me_laser.html |publisher=Florida Department of Health |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104061415/http://www.doh.state.fl.us/mqa/medical/me_laser.html |archive-date=November 4, 2012 }}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=March 2020}} A distinction is sometimes made{{By whom|date=March 2020}} between beauty-grade and medical-grade machines, mainly to get around regulations.

IPL was invented in 1992 by Shimon Eckhouse who wrote the first patent describing the technology in detail (US patent No. 5,405,368 filed in 1992 and granted in 1995). The first medical use of IPL was aimed at the treatment of vascular lesions and introduced to the medical market by ESC Medical which was founded by Shimon Eckhouse to develop and commercialize the technology. The first [[FDA Consumer|FDA]] approval of IPL for treatment of vascular lesions was granted to ESC Medical in 1995 with additional FDA clearances for treatment of pigmented lesions and hair removal granted in 1996 and 1997 respectively. Use quickly spread to a variety of medical and cosmetic settings.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Goldberg|first=David J.|date=June 2012|title=Current Trends in Intense Pulsed Light|journal=The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology|volume=5|issue=6|pages=45–53|issn=1941-2789|pmc=3390232|pmid=22768357}}</ref> Treatment is generally safe and effective, but complications can occur, such as [[hyperpigmentation]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Current Trends in Intense Pulsed Light|date = Jun 2012|journal = Clin Aesthet Dermatol.}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The [[polychromatic]] light can reach multiple [[chromophores]] in human skin: mainly [[hemoglobin]], water, and [[melanin]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tseng|first1=Sheng-Hao|last2=Bargo|first2=Paulo|last3=Durkin|first3=Anthony|last4=Kollias|first4=Nikiforos|date=2009-08-17|title=Chromophore concentrations, absorption and scattering properties of human skin in-vivo|journal=Optics Express|volume=17|issue=17|pages=14599–14617|doi=10.1364/oe.17.014599|issn=1094-4087|pmc=2754563|pmid=19687939|bibcode=2009OExpr..1714599T}}</ref> This results in selective [[photothermolysis]] of [[blood vessels]], [[Pigmentation|pigmented cells]], or [[hair follicle]]s.{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}}