Editing Internet service provider (section)

==History==
The Internet (originally [[ARPAnet]]) was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. Other companies and organizations joined by direct connection to the [[Internet backbone|backbone]], or by arrangements through other connected companies, sometimes using dialup tools such as [[UUCP]]. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. Some restrictions were removed by 1991,<ref>[https://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/nsf50/nsfoutreach/htm/n50_z2/pages_z3/28_pg.htm Outreach: The Internet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118121412/http://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/nsf50/nsfoutreach/htm/n50_z2/pages_z3/28_pg.htm |date=2014-01-18 }}, U.S. National Science Foundation, "In March 1991, the NSFNET acceptable use policy was altered to allow commercial traffic."</ref> shortly after the introduction of the [[World Wide Web]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Web history timeline |url= http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/03/11/world-wide-web-timeline/ |access-date= 21 September 2015 |date= 2014-03-11 |archive-date= 2015-07-29 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150729162322/http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/03/11/world-wide-web-timeline/ |url-status= live }}</ref>

During the 1980s, [[online service provider]]s such as [[CompuServe]], [[Prodigy (online service)|Prodigy]], and [[America Online]] (AOL) began to offer limited capabilities to access the Internet, such as e-mail interchange, but full access to the Internet was not readily available to the general public.

In 1989, the first Internet service providers, companies offering the public direct access to the Internet for a monthly fee, were established in Australia<ref name=":1">{{cite web|last=Clarke|first=Roger|title=Origins and Nature of the Internet in Australia|url=http://www.rogerclarke.com/II/OzI04.html#CIAP|access-date=21 January 2014|archive-date=9 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209201253/http://www.rogerclarke.com/II/OzI04.html#CIAP|url-status=live}}</ref> and the United States. In [[Brookline, Massachusetts]], [[The World (Internet service provider)|The World]] became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989.<ref>{{cite web | title=Hobbes' Internet Timeline v10.1 | author=Robert H'obbes' Zakon | url=http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ | access-date=14 November 2011 | archive-date=5 May 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505235502/http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ | url-status=live }} Also published as Robert H. Zakon</ref> These companies generally offered [[dial-up]] connections, using the public telephone network to provide last-mile connections to their customers. The [[barriers to entry]] for dial-up ISPs were low and many providers emerged.

However, cable television companies and the telephone carriers already had wired connections to their customers and could offer Internet connections at much higher speeds than dial-up using [[broadband]] technology such as [[cable modem]]s and [[digital subscriber line]] (DSL). As a result, these companies often became the dominant ISPs in their service areas, and what was once a highly competitive ISP market became effectively a monopoly or [[duopoly]] in countries with a commercial [[telecommunications]] market, such as the United States.

In 1995, [[NSFNET]] was decommissioned removing the last restrictions on the use of the Internet to carry commercial traffic and [[network access point]]s were created to allow peering arrangements between commercial ISPs.

===Net neutrality===
{{Main|Net neutrality in the United States}}{{Globalize|date=April 2024|2=US|section}}
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule permitting ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier [[net neutrality]] position.<ref name="NYT-20140423">{{cite news |last=Wyatt |first=Edward |title=F.C.C., in 'Net Neutrality' Turnaround, Plans to Allow Fast Lane |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/24/technology/fcc-new-net-neutrality-rules.html |date=23 April 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=23 April 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614203434/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/24/technology/fcc-new-net-neutrality-rules.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140424a">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=Creating a Two-Speed Internet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/25/opinion/creating-a-two-speed-internet.html |date=24 April 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=25 April 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614195056/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/25/opinion/creating-a-two-speed-internet.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140511">{{cite news |last=Carr |first=David |title=Warnings Along F.C.C.'s Fast Lane |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/12/business/media/warnings-along-fccs-fast-lane.html |date=11 May 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=11 May 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614201000/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/12/business/media/warnings-along-fccs-fast-lane.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be [[municipal broadband]], according to [[Susan P. Crawford|Professor Susan Crawford]], a legal and technology expert at [[Harvard Law School]].<ref name="NYT-20140428">{{cite news |last=Crawford |first=Susan |author-link=Susan P. Crawford |title=The Wire Next Time |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/28/opinion/the-wire-next-time.html |date=28 April 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=28 April 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614203549/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/28/opinion/the-wire-next-time.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 15 May 2014, the FCC decided to consider two options regarding Internet services: first, permit fast and slow broadband lanes, thereby compromising net neutrality; and second, reclassify broadband as a [[telecommunications]] service, thereby preserving net neutrality.<ref name="NYT-20140515a">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=Searching for Fairness on the Internet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/16/opinion/searching-for-fairness-on-the-internet.html |date=15 May 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614194942/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/16/opinion/searching-for-fairness-on-the-internet.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140515b">{{cite news |last=Wyatt |first=Edward |title=F.C.C. Backs Opening Net Rules for Debate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/16/technology/fcc-road-map-to-net-neutrality.html |date=15 May 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614203415/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/16/technology/fcc-road-map-to-net-neutrality.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 10 November 2014, President [[Barack Obama]] recommended that the FCC reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service in order to preserve net neutrality.<ref name="NYT-20141110-EW">{{cite news |last=Wyatt |first=Edward |title=Obama Asks F.C.C. to Adopt Tough Net Neutrality Rules |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/11/technology/obama-net-neutrality-fcc.html |date=10 November 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=15 November 2014 |archive-date=14 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114230550/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/11/technology/obama-net-neutrality-fcc.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20141114">{{cite news |author=NYT Editorial Board |title=Why the F.C.C. Should Heed President Obama on Internet Regulation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/15/opinion/why-the-fcc-should-heed-president-obama-on-internet-regulations.html |date=14 November 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=15 November 2014 |archive-date=15 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115023705/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/15/opinion/why-the-fcc-should-heed-president-obama-on-internet-regulations.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="WRD-20150121-DAS">{{cite web |last=Sepulveda |first=Ambassador Daniel A. |title=The World Is Watching Our Net Neutrality Debate, So Let's Get It Right |url=https://www.wired.com/2015/01/on-net-nuetrality-internet-freedom/ |date=21 January 2015 |work=[[Wired (website)|Wired]] |access-date=20 January 2015 |archive-date=22 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122002922/http://www.wired.com/2015/01/on-net-nuetrality-internet-freedom/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 16 January 2015, [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]] presented legislation, in the form of a [[U.S. Congress]] [[United States House of Representatives|H.R.]] [[List of bills in the 114th United States Congress|discussion draft bill]], that makes concessions to net neutrality but prohibits the FCC from accomplishing the goal or enacting any further regulation affecting Internet service providers.<ref name="NYT-20150120-JW">{{cite news |last=Weisman |first=Jonathan |title=Shifting Politics of Net Neutrality Debate Ahead of F.C.C.Vote |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/technology/shifting-politics-of-net-neutrality-debate-ahead-of-fcc-vote.html |date=19 January 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=20 January 2015 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614203508/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/technology/shifting-politics-of-net-neutrality-debate-ahead-of-fcc-vote.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="HG-20150116">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=H. R. _ 114th Congress, 1st Session [Discussion Draft] - To amend the Communications Act of 1934 to ensure Internet openness... |url=http://energycommerce.house.gov/sites/republicans.energycommerce.house.gov/files/114/BILLS-114hr-PIH-OpenInternet.pdf |date=16 January 2015 |work=[[U.S. Congress]] |access-date=20 January 2015 |archive-date=13 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713125711/http://energycommerce.house.gov/sites/republicans.energycommerce.house.gov/files/114/BILLS-114hr-PIH-OpenInternet.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> On 31 January 2015, [[AP News]] reported that the FCC will present the notion of applying ("with some caveats") [[Common carrier#Telecommunications|Title II (common carrier)]] of the [[Communications Act of 1934]] to the Internet in a vote expected on 26 February 2015.<ref name="NYT-20150202a">{{cite news |last=Lohr |first=Steve |title=In Net Neutrality Push, F.C.C. Is Expected to Propose Regulating Internet Service as a Utility |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/03/technology/in-net-neutrality-push-fcc-is-expected-to-propose-regulating-the-internet-as-a-utility.html |date=2 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=2 February 2015 |archive-date=3 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203020455/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/03/technology/in-net-neutrality-push-fcc-is-expected-to-propose-regulating-the-internet-as-a-utility.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150202b">{{cite news |last=Lohr |first=Steve |title=F.C.C. Chief Wants to Override State Laws Curbing Community Net Services |url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/02/f-c-c-chief-wants-to-override-state-laws-curbing-community-net-services/ |date=2 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=2 February 2015 |archive-date=3 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203015750/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/02/f-c-c-chief-wants-to-override-state-laws-curbing-community-net-services/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="AP-20150131">{{cite news |last=Flaherty |first=Anne |title=Just whose Internet is it? New federal rules may answer that |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150131/us--net_neutrality-news_guide-c235cbd2b9.html |date=31 January 2015 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=31 January 2015 |archive-date=1 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201001057/http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150131/us--net_neutrality-news_guide-c235cbd2b9.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="WP-20150102">{{cite news |last=Fung |first=Brian |title=Get ready: The FCC says it will vote on net neutrality in February |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/02/get-ready-the-fcc-says-itll-vote-on-net-neutrality-in-february/ |date=2 January 2015 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=2 January 2015 |archive-date=2 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102225724/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/02/get-ready-the-fcc-says-itll-vote-on-net-neutrality-in-february/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="AP-20150102">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=FCC to vote next month on net neutrality rules |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150103/us-fcc-net-neutrality-d8f89ffc53.html |date=2 January 2015 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=2 January 2015 |archive-date=3 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103042904/http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150103/us-fcc-net-neutrality-d8f89ffc53.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Adoption of this notion would reclassify Internet service from one of information to one of the telecommunications<ref name="NYT-20150204">{{cite news |last=Lohr |first=Steve |title=F.C.C. Plans Strong Hand to Regulate the Internet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/technology/fcc-wheeler-net-neutrality.html |date=4 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=5 February 2015 |archive-date=18 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718092613/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/technology/fcc-wheeler-net-neutrality.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and, according to [[Tom Wheeler]], chairman of the FCC, ensure net neutrality.<ref name="WRD-20150204">{{cite magazine |last=Wheeler |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Wheeler |title=FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler: This Is How We Will Ensure Net Neutrality |url=https://www.wired.com/2015/02/fcc-chairman-wheeler-net-neutrality |date=4 February 2015 |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |access-date=5 February 2015 |archive-date=4 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204224727/http://www.wired.com/2015/02/fcc-chairman-wheeler-net-neutrality/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150206">{{cite news |author=The Editorial Board |title=Courage and Good Sense at the F.C.C. - Net Neutrality's Wise New Rules |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/06/opinion/net-neutralitys-wise-new-rules.html |date=6 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=6 February 2015 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614200952/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/06/opinion/net-neutralitys-wise-new-rules.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The FCC was expected to enforce net neutrality in its vote, according to ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref name="NYT-20150224">{{cite news |last=Weisman |first=Jonathan |title=As Republicans Concede, F.C.C. Is Expected to Enforce Net Neutrality |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/25/technology/path-clears-for-net-neutrality-ahead-of-fcc-vote.html |date=24 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=24 February 2015 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614200945/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/25/technology/path-clears-for-net-neutrality-ahead-of-fcc-vote.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150225">{{cite news |last=Lohr |first=Steve |title=The Push for Net Neutrality Arose From Lack of Choice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/26/technology/limited-high-speed-internet-choices-underlie-net-neutrality-rules.html |date=25 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=25 February 2015 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614194456/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/26/technology/limited-high-speed-internet-choices-underlie-net-neutrality-rules.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting [[Common carrier#Telecommunications|Title II (common carrier)]] of the [[Communications Act of 1934]] and [[Telecommunications policy of the United States#Broadband deployment policy objectives|Section 706 in the Telecommunications Act of 1996]] to the Internet.<ref name="FCC-20150226">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=FCC Adopts Strong, Sustainable Rules To Protect The Open Internet |url=http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2015/db0226/DOC-332260A1.pdf |date=26 February 2015 |work=[[Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=26 February 2015 |archive-date=12 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312162446/http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2015/db0226/DOC-332260A1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150226">{{cite news |last1=Ruiz |first1=Rebecca R. |last2=Lohr |first2=Steve |title=In Net Neutrality Victory, F.C.C. Classifies Broadband Internet Service as a Public Utility |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/technology/net-neutrality-fcc-vote-internet-utility.htm |date=26 February 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=26 February 2015 |archive-date=14 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414181129/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/technology/net-neutrality-fcc-vote-internet-utility.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="AP-20150225">{{cite news |last=Flaherty |first=Anne |title=FACT CHECK: Talking heads skew 'net neutrality' debate |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150225/us--net_neutrality-fact_check-e30cfb560f.html |date=25 February 2015 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=26 February 2015 |archive-date=27 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227142926/http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150225/us--net_neutrality-fact_check-e30cfb560f.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The FCC Chairman, [[Tom Wheeler]], commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the [[First Amendment]] is a plan to regulate free speech. They both stand for the same concept."<ref name="HP-20150226">{{cite news |last=Liebelson |first=Dana |title=Net Neutrality Prevails In Historic FCC Vote |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/26/net-neutrality-fcc-vote_n_6761702.html |date=26 February 2015 |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |access-date=27 February 2015 |archive-date=15 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615181906/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/26/net-neutrality-fcc-vote_n_6761702.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 12 March 2015, the FCC released the specific details of the net neutrality rules.<ref name="NYT-20150312a">{{cite news |last=Ruiz |first=Rebecca R. |title=F.C.C. Sets Net Neutrality Rules |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/13/technology/fcc-releases-net-neutrality-rules.html |date=12 March 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=13 March 2015 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614194803/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/13/technology/fcc-releases-net-neutrality-rules.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150312b">{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Jeff |title=What the Net Neutrality Rules Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/03/12/technology/net-neutrality-rules-explained.html |date=12 March 2015 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=13 March 2015 |archive-date=22 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622052332/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/03/12/technology/net-neutrality-rules-explained.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="FCC-20150315">{{cite web |author=FCC Staff |title=Federal Communications Commission - FCC 15-24 - In the Matter of Protecting and Promoting the Open Internet - GN Docket No. 14-28 - Report and Order on Remand, Declaratory Ruling, and Order |url=http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2015/db0312/FCC-15-24A1.pdf |date=12 March 2015 |work=[[Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=13 March 2015 |archive-date=12 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312200613/http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2015/db0312/FCC-15-24A1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 13 April 2015, the FCC published the final rule on its new "[[Net neutrality in the United States|Net Neutrality]]" regulations.<ref name="CNET-20150413">{{cite web |last=Reisinger |first=Don |title=Net neutrality rules get published -- let the lawsuits begin |url=http://www.cnet.com/news/fccs-net-neutrality-rules-hit-federal-register-lawsuit-underway/ |date=13 April 2015 |work=[[CNET]] |access-date=13 April 2015 |archive-date=14 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414060656/http://www.cnet.com/news/fccs-net-neutrality-rules-hit-federal-register-lawsuit-underway/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="FR-20150413">{{cite web |author=Federal Communications Commission |author-link=Federal Communications Commission |title=Protecting and Promoting the Open Internet - A Rule by the Federal Communications Commission on 04/13/2015 |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2015/04/13/2015-07841/protecting-and-promoting-the-open-internet |date=13 April 2015 |work=[[Federal Register]] |access-date=13 April 2015 |archive-date=2 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502021951/https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2015/04/13/2015-07841/protecting-and-promoting-the-open-internet |url-status=live }}</ref> These rules went into effect on 12 June 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Internet |url=https://www.fcc.gov/openinternet |publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|date=2017-06-12|access-date=2017-11-29|archive-date=2015-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615044837/https://www.fcc.gov/openinternet|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Upon becoming FCC chairman in April 2017, [[Ajit Pai]] proposed an end to net neutrality, awaiting votes from the commission.<ref name="NYT-20170429">{{cite news |author=The Editorial Board |title=F.C.C. Invokes Internet Freedom While Trying to Kill It |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/29/opinion/sunday/fcc-invokes-internet-freedom-while-trying-to-kill-it.html |date=29 April 2017 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=29 April 2017 |archive-date=29 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429184910/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/29/opinion/sunday/fcc-invokes-internet-freedom-while-trying-to-kill-it.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CNET-20170502">{{cite news |last=Reardon |first=Marguerite |title=Net neutrality redux: The battle for an open net continues – The Republican-led FCC is starting to roll back net neutrality rules. Here's what you need to know. |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/net-neutrality-redux-the-battle-for-an-open-net-continues |date=2 May 2017 |work=[[CNET]] |access-date=2 May 2017 |archive-date=2 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502162043/https://www.cnet.com/news/net-neutrality-redux-the-battle-for-an-open-net-continues/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 21 November 2017, Pai announced that a vote will be held by FCC members on 14 December 2017 on whether to repeal the policy.<ref name="WP-20171121">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2017/11/21/the-fcc-has-unveiled-its-plan-to-rollback-its-net-neutrality-rules/|title=FCC plan would give Internet providers power to choose the sites customers see and use|first=Brian|last=Fung|date=21 November 2017|access-date=21 November 2017|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|archive-date=21 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121173043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2017/11/21/the-fcc-has-unveiled-its-plan-to-rollback-its-net-neutrality-rules/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 11 June 2018, the repeal of the FCC's network neutrality rules took effect.<ref name=nyt-repealed>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/11/technology/net-neutrality-repeal.html |title=The Net Neutrality Repeal Is Official |first=Keith |last=Collins |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=11 June 2018 |access-date=25 January 2019 |archive-date=25 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125203954/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/11/technology/net-neutrality-repeal.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Koning |first1=Kendall J. |last2=Yankelevich |first2=Aleksandr |date=2018-10-01 |title=From internet "Openness" to "Freedom": How far has the net neutrality pendulum swung? |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S095717871730228X |journal=Utilities Policy |language=en |volume=54 |pages=37–45 |doi=10.1016/j.jup.2018.07.004 |bibcode=2018UtPol..54...37K |s2cid=158428437 |access-date=2022-09-08 |archive-date=2022-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901032905/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S095717871730228X |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

=== Provisions for low-income families ===
Since December 31, 2021, The [[Affordable Connectivity Program]] has given households in the U.S. at or below 200% of the [[Federal poverty guidelines|Federal Poverty Guidelines]] or households which meet a number of other criteria an up to $30 per month discount toward internet service, or up to $75 per month on certain tribal lands.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Affordable Connectivity Program |url=https://www.fcc.gov/acp |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=FCC |language=en}}</ref>