Editing Irish pound (section)

==First pound==
{{See also|Coins of Ireland}}
[[File:62cdd2f7394d34.03999185-original.jpg|thumb|left|[[Farthing (British coin)|Farthing]] of 1744 with harp, crown and legend "[[Hibernia]]"]]
The earliest Irish coinage was introduced in the late 10th century,<ref>{{Cite web |title=950–1450: Vikings, Normans and Medieval Mints |url=https://www.museum.ie/en-IE/Collections-Research/Art-and-Industry-Collections/Art-Industry-Collections-List/Numismatics/Airgead-A-Thousand-Years-of-Irish-Coins-Currency/950-1450-Vikings,-Normans-and-Medieval-Mints |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=National Museum of Ireland |language=en}}</ref> with an [[£sd]] system of one pound divided into twenty [[shilling]]s, each of twelve [[silver penny|silver pence]].{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} Parity with [[pound sterling|sterling]] was established by [[John, King of England|King John]] around 1210, so that Irish silver could move freely into the English economy and help to finance his wars in France.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irishcoinage.com/HAMMERED.HTM |title=Irish Hammered Coinage (~995 to ~1660) |access-date=11 September 2016}}</ref> However, from 1460, Irish coins were minted with a different silver content than those of England,{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} so that the values of the two currencies diverged.

During the [[Williamite War]] of 1689–1691, [[James II of England|King James II]], no longer reigning in England and Scotland, issued an emergency base-metal coinage known as [[gun money]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tii.ie/tii-library/archaeology/Seanda%20Magazine/Seanda,%20Issue%207,%202012%20(Irish%20version)|title=IRIS SEANDÁLAÍOCHTA AN ÚBN 2012 Eagrán 7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.museum.ie/ga-IE/Museums/Decorative-Arts-History/Exhibitions/Airgead-A-Thousand-Years-of-Irish-Coins-Currency|title=Airgead: Míle Bliain de Bhoinn Airgid & Airgeadra na hÉireann &#124; Decorative Arts & History &#124; Ard-Mhúsaem na hÉireann|website=National Museum of Ireland}}</ref>

In 1701, a proclamation stated one [[English shilling]] was equal to 1''s.'' 1''d.'' in Irish, making it possible for Irish copper coins to circulate with English silver coins. In 1737, the gold [[guinea (coin)|guinea]] coin was fixed at 21''s.'' English or 22/9 Irish (i.e. 252 pence and 273 pence respectively). This effectively [[Fixed exchange rate system|pegged]] the Irish pound to the English at a ratio of 13:12 in both gold and silver, i.e. an Irish pound was worth {{frac|12|13}} of an English pound.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Irish Pound, 1797-1826: A Reprint of the Report of the Committee of 1804 of the House of Commons on the Condition of the Irish Currency |orig-date=2005 |date=2013 |location=Hoboken |publisher=Taylor and Francis |editor=Frank Whitson Fetter |isbn=9781136611070 |oclc=869091365}}</ref>
(The [[Pound Scots]] had yet another value; it was absorbed into sterling in 1707 at a ratio of 12 to 1.) 
In 1801, the [[Kingdom of Ireland]] became part of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]], but the Irish pound continued to circulate until January 1826. Between 1804 and 1813, silver tokens worth 10d were issued by the [[Bank of Ireland]] and were denominated in pence Irish.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irishcoinage.com/J00078.HTM |title=Bank of Ireland – Ten Pence Token – 1805 |access-date=11 September 2016}}</ref> The last copper coins of the Irish pound were minted in 1823, and in 1826 the Irish pound was merged with the pound sterling.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pulling |first=Alexander |title=Coin |chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hl562h;view=1up;seq=166 |edition=2nd |series=The statutory rules and orders revised, being the statutory rules and orders (other than those of a local, personal, or temporary character) in force on December 31, 1903 |volume=2 |year=1904 |publisher=[[HMSO]] |location=London |pages=8–9 |chapter=Proclamation, dated December 20, 1825, assimilating the Gold and Silver Coinages in Great Britain and Ireland.}}</ref> After 1826, some Irish banks continued to issue paper currency, but these were denominated in sterling, and no more distinctly Irish coins were minted until the creation of the [[Irish Free State]] in the 20th century.