Editing Italian Republican Party (section)

== History ==
=== Background and foundation ===
The PRI traces its origins from the time of [[Italian unification]] and more specifically to the democratic-republican wing represented by figures such as [[Giuseppe Mazzini]], [[Carlo Cattaneo]] and [[Carlo Pisacane]]. They were against the so-called ''piemontesizzazione'' of Italy, meaning the conquest by war of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia]] ([[Piedmont]]) of the rest of Italy.

After the latter was unified under the [[House of Savoy|Savoy]] kings, following the political lines of moderates such as [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour|Camillo Benso di Cavour]], the Republicans remained aside from the political life of the new country, proclaiming their abstention from elections. They created several democratic movements, like the Brotherhood Pact of Workers' Societies, founded by Mazzini in 1871. However, Mazzini's death the following year and internationalism put the Republicans in a difficult position.

In the run-up of the [[1880 Italian general election]], the Republicans chose to abandon abstentionism. At the time, their ranks included both members of the middle class, such as [[Giovanni Bovio]], [[Arcangelo Ghisleri]] and [[Napoleone Colajanni]], as well as the working class, such as [[Valentino Armirotti]]. The PRI, whose power base was limited to [[Romagna]], [[Umbria]], [[Marche]], the [[Tuscany|Tuscan]] littoral and [[Lazio]], all but Tuscany former [[Papal States]] territories, was officially founded in 1895. By the end of the century, the party was allied with the [[Italian Socialist Party]] (PSI) and the [[Italian Radical Party]] in several local governments, including [[Milan]], [[Florence]] and [[Rome]].

=== Early 20th century ===
[[File:Partito Repubblicano italiano - logo (Italy, 1924).svg|thumb|left|200px|Pre-fascist style logo]]
In 1904 the Republican Youth Federation was formed in [[Terni]].

At the outbreak of [[World War I]], the PRI sided with interventionists, aiming at supporting [[France]] (considered the motherland of [[human rights]]) and annexing [[Trento]] and [[Trieste]] (then part of [[Austria-Hungary]]). After the end of the conflict, the party tried to form an alliance with other left-wing parties, but the attempt failed as the PSI at was strongly influenced by its "maximalist" (radical) wing. In 1921, [[Pietro Nenni]] left the PRI to become one of the leaders of the PSI. In the 1920s, the rise of the [[National Fascist Party]] (PNF) caused the collapse of all Italian left-wing parties, including the PRI, which was banned in 1926.

Several Republicans were arrested, confined or exiled and the PRI collaborated to the [[Anti-fascism#Italy: against Fascism and Mussolini|anti-fascist]] struggle. In 1927, the party joined Anti-fascist Concentration. In the late 1930s, it also participated in the [[Spanish Civil War]]. In 1940, the German occupation of France, where many Republicans had taken refuge, put the party in jeopardy. During the armed resistance against the German occupation of Italy from 1943, PRI members were part of the provincial National Liberation Committees (CLN), but they did not participate to the national CLN as they did not want to collaborate with Italian monarchists, some of whom were active members of the committee.

=== Post-World War II ===
[[File:Ugo La Malfa.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Ugo La Malfa]]]]
In 1946, the PRI gained 4.4% of the popular vote in the [[1946 Italian general election|election for a Constituent Assembly]], confirming its traditional strongholds. However, it was very weak if compared to [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democracy]] (DC) and the [[Italian Communist Party]] (PCI). After that, a ballot on the same day abolished monarchy in Italy and the PRI declared itself available to take a role in the government of Italy, entering the second government of [[Alcide De Gasperi]]. In late 1946, [[Ugo La Malfa]] and [[Ferruccio Parri]], formerly members of the [[Action Party (Italy)|Action Party]] (PdA), moved to the PRI. La Malfa would be appointed as minister in several of the following governments.

At the 19th congress of the party held in 1947, there were two main inner trends: one, represented by the national secretary [[Randolfo Pacciardi]], supported an alliance with the PCI; the other, led by [[Giovanni Conti (politician)|Giovanni Conti]] and [[Cipriano Facchinetti]], considered the PCI the cause of the government's lack of efficiency. The latter was to prevail. [[Carlo Sforza]], a Republican, was [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] in the [[De Gasperi III Cabinet]], although only as an independent. Sforza signed the [[Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947|treaty of peace]] and contributed to the entrance of Italy into the [[Marshall Plan]], [[NATO]] and the [[Council of Europe]]. The exclusion of left-wing parties from the government in 1947 led the PRI to join the [[De Gasperi IV Cabinet]]. Pacciardi refused to take a position as minister. As the PCI became ever closer to the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]], Pacciardi later changed his mind and became Deputy Prime Minister.

The [[1948 Italian general election]] saw the PRI as a solid ally of the DC, but also a reduction of the party's share to 2.5%. In the following years, the strongest party faction was that of La Malfa, who refused to participate to the DC-led governments until 1962.

In 1963, the party voted in favour of the first centre-left government in Italy led by [[Aldo Moro]]. Pacciardi, who had voted against, was expelled and founded a separate movement, [[Democratic Union for the New Republic]] (UDNR), whose electoral result were disappointing and whose members had largely returned to the PRI by the late 1960s (although Pacciardi, who received much criticism at this time for his association with coup plotters and [[neo-fascists]], did not come back until after the UDNR was disbanded in 1980). La Malfa was elected national secretary in 1965. The alliance with the DC ended in 1974 when the Republicans left over disagreements on budgetary policy.

=== ''Pentapartito'' age ===
[[File:Giovanni Spadolini 2.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Giovanni Spadolini]], first and sole [[Prime Minister of Italy]] from the party]]
In 1979, La Malfa received by President [[Sandro Pertini]] the mandate to form a new government. It was the first time for a non-DC member since the Italian Republic had been created. The attempt failed and a new government led by [[Giulio Andreotti]] was formed, with La Malfa as Deputy Prime Minister, but he suddenly died five days later. In September, the PRI chose [[Giovanni Spadolini]] as national secretary and [[Bruno Visentini]] as president. The following twelve years, first under Spadolini and then under La Malfa's son [[Giorgio La Malfa|Giorgio]], saw the PRI as a stable member of the so-called ''Pentapartito'', an alliance between the DC, the PSI, the PRI, the [[Italian Liberal Party]] (PLI) and the [[Italian Democratic Socialist Party]] (PSDI) which governed Italy from 1983 to 1991. The PRI abandoned the coalition in 1991 in disagreement with the Mammì bill (named after [[Oscar Mammì]], a Republican) on telecommunications.

In June 1981, Spadolini became [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (the first non-Christian Democrat to do so following 1945) and formed a five-party government, the [[Spadolini I Cabinet]]. Under Spadolini, an urgent decree outlawing all secret lodges, such as [[Propaganda Due]] (which included numerous members of previous governments and of military forces), was approved. The [[Spadolini II Cabinet]] fell in November 1983 due to a strife between [[Beniamino Andreatta]] (DC) and [[Rino Formica]], Ministers of the Treasury and Finances respectively.

At the [[1983 Italian general election]], the PRI gained its best result ever (5.1%) thanks to Spadolini's popularity after his stint as Prime Minister and became the third largest party after the DC and the PCI in several Italian cities, notably including [[Turin]]. Spadolini was [[Italian Minister of Defence|Minister of Defence]] from 1983 to 1987 under [[Bettino Craxi]] (PSI). Following the [[1987 Italian general election]], Spadolini was elected [[List of presidents of the Senate (Italy)|president of the Senate]] (an office he would retain until 1994) and was replaced by Giorgio La Malfa as party leader.

=== Diaspora and re-organisation ===
[[File:Giorgio La Malfa 2.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Giorgio La Malfa]]]]
The early-1990s ''[[Tangentopoli]]'' scandals destroyed the party which fell under 1% of the vote, making it dependent on alliances with other parties to survive under the new electoral system based on [[plurality voting system|plurality]]. In 1992–1994, the PRI lost most of its voters and members. The party was divided in three groups: one led by [[Giorgio La Malfa]] joined the [[Pact for Italy]], a second one led by [[Luciana Sbarbati]] joined [[Democratic Alliance (Italy)|Democratic Alliance]] (AD) and a third group left the party and formed [[Republican Left (Italy)|Republican Left]] (SR). At the [[1994 Italian general election]], some PRI members including Sbarbati were elected to the [[Italian Parliament]] from the list of AD while [[Carla Mazzuca]] were the sole elected with the [[Segni Pact]]. At that time, the party seemed quite finished.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/Consiglio%20Nazionale%2028%20Gennaio%202011/NucaraRelazioneCn28Gennaio.htm|title=Seguiamo le impostazioni di Mazzini e Ugo La Malfa/I repubblicani e la loro collocazione in Europa|publisher=Pri.it|date=28 January 2011|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805233937/http://www.pri.it/new/Consiglio%20Nazionale%2028%20Gennaio%202011/NucaraRelazioneCn28Gennaio.htm|archive-date=5 August 2012}}</ref>

Many Republicans, including [[Jas Gawronski]], [[Guglielmo Castagnetti]], [[Alberto Zorzoli]], [[Luigi Casero]], [[Denis Verdini]], [[Piergiorgio Massidda]] and [[Mario Pescante]], left the PRI in order to join [[Forza Italia]]. Others, mostly affiliated to SR, including [[Giorgio Bogi]], [[Stefano Passigli]], [[Giuseppe Ayala]], [[Andrea Manzella]] and [[Adolfo Battaglia]], approached with the [[Democratic Party of the Left]] (PDS) and finally merged into the [[Democrats of the Left]] (DS) in 1998. Others, notably including [[Enzo Bianco]] and [[Antonio Maccanico]], joined [[Democratic Union (Italy)|Democratic Union]] (UD), [[The Democrats (Italy)|The Democrats]] (Dem) and finally [[Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy]] (DL). The party continued to exist under the leadership of La Malfa, who had been elected MEP for the [[European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (European Parliament group)|ELDR Group]] at the [[1994 European Parliament election in Italy]] and who worked hard to re-organise the party, welcoming back people such as Sbarbati who had left it in the wake of the 1994 general election.

=== From Prodi to Berlusconi ===
From 1996 to 2001, the PRI was part of [[The Olive Tree (Italy)|The Olive Tree]] centre-left coalition led by [[Romano Prodi]]. At the [[1996 Italian general election]], the party elected two deputies (Giorgio La Malfa and Luciana Sbarbati) and two senators ([[Antonio Duva]] and [[Stelio De Carolis]]) thanks to the alliance with larger parties. Duva and De Carolis switched to the DS soon after the election, but during the legislature the PRI was joined by three more deputies elected with other parties: [[Gianantonio Mazzocchin]], [[Giovanni Marongiu]] (both former DS members) and [[Luigi Negri (politician)|Luigi Negri]] (a former member of [[Lega Nord]] and Forza Italia). The Republicans were very disappointed by the five years of government of the centre-left and soon became critical supporters of the [[Prodi I Cabinet]] as part of [[The Clover]], a centrist parliamentary alliance with the [[Italian Democratic Socialists]] (SDI) and the [[Union for the Republic (Italy)|Union for the Republic]] (UpR). The Clover was responsible for the fall of the [[D'Alema I Cabinet]] in December 1999.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Mark Gilbert|author2=Gianfranco Pasquino|title=Italian Politics: The Faltering Transition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K4jlaPUP1MAC&pg=PA28|date=January 2000|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-57181-840-9|page=28}}</ref>

At the [[2001 Italian general election]], the party formed an alliance with [[Silvio Berlusconi]]'s [[House of Freedoms]] and got one deputy (Giorgio La Malfa) and one senator ([[Antonio Del Pennino]]) elected. This led two left-wing groups to secede from the party: the [[European Republicans Movement]] (MRE), led by Luciana Sbarbati; and the [[Democratic Republicans (Italy)|Democratic Republicans]], led by [[Giuseppe Ossorio]]. The PRI took part to Berlusconi's governments and La Malfa was appointed Minister of European Affairs in the [[Berlusconi III Cabinet]].

At the [[2006 Italian general election]], Nucara and La Malfa were elected on the Forza Italia's lists for the [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]] while the party decided to run under its own banner for the [[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate]] in some regions, obtaining little more than 0.1% of the vote. Del Pennino was elected senator on Forza Italia's list.

At the [[2008 Italian general election]], the PRI got two deputies elected in the list of [[The People of Freedom]] (PdL): La Malfa and Nucara. At time, the party had 12,000 members.<ref>[http://www.pri.it/Agosto%202005/TorchiaIntervVoce.htm "Intervista a Franco Torchia/Il ruolo e l'attività del responsabile del tesseramento del Pri"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927040823/http://www.pri.it/Agosto%202005/TorchiaIntervVoce.htm|date=27 September 2007}}</ref>

=== Re-unification and recent events ===
The common battle in Parliament against electoral reform favoured a reconciliation between the MRE and the PRI. During the third congress of the MRE in February 2009, the two parties signed a joint declaration under which despite their different coalition allegiances, the two parties pledged to join forces in Parliament on some key issues such as civil liberties and freedom of research.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.repubblicanieuropei.org/stampa_comunicatimre.tab.aspx?idDoc=592|title=Movimento Repubblicani Europei|publisher=Repubblicanieuropei.org|date=28 February 2009|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111144723/http://www.repubblicanieuropei.org/stampa_comunicatimre.tab.aspx?idDoc=592|archive-date=11 November 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.asca.it/news-REPUBBLICANI__DOCUMENTO_POLITICO_COMUNE_PRI-MRE-812128-ORA-.html "Repubblicani: documento politico comune PRI-MRE]". {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716234757/http://www.asca.it/news-REPUBBLICANI__DOCUMENTO_POLITICO_COMUNE_PRI-MRE-812128-ORA-.html|date=16 July 2011}}</ref> In October, a joint committee was installed in order to reach an agreement of re-unification between the two parties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/23%20Settembre%202009/PriMreIncontro.htm|title=Incontro Pri - Mre: obiettivo la riunificazione dei repubblicani|publisher=Pri.it|date=23 September 2009|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111145004/http://www.pri.it/new/23%20Settembre%202009/PriMreIncontro.htm|archive-date=11 November 2013}}</ref> By February 2011, the MRE and Ossorio's [[Democratic Republicans (Italy)|Democratic Republicans]] reunited with the PRI.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/26%20Gennaio%202011/NucaraSbarbatiConferenza.htm|title=La conferenza stampa Nucara-Sbarbati/E' stato superato il tripartito delle divisioni post congresso di Bari|publisher=Pri.it|date=26 January 2011|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111145307/http://www.pri.it/new/26%20Gennaio%202011/NucaraSbarbatiConferenza.htm|archive-date=11 November 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.asca.it/news-PRI__FINITO_46*_CONGRESSO__SCISSIONE_RIENTRA__INSIEME_NUCARA-SBARBATI-994376-ORA-.html "PRI: finito 46* congresso, scissione rietra. Insieme Nucara-Sbarbati"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722024114/http://www.asca.it/news-PRI__FINITO_46%2A_CONGRESSO__SCISSIONE_RIENTRA__INSIEME_NUCARA-SBARBATI-994376-ORA-.html|date=22 July 2011}}</ref>

Another split loomed when La Malfa voted against the [[Berlusconi IV Cabinet]] and was suspended from the party in December 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/Dn%2010%20Dicembre%202010/DnPri10Dicembre.htm|title=La Direzione Nazionale dell'Edera/Sospeso l'onorevole Giorgio La Malfa|publisher=Pri.it|date=16 December 2010|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728194225/http://www.pri.it/new/Dn%2010%20Dicembre%202010/DnPri10Dicembre.htm|archive-date=28 July 2012}}</ref> Moreover, La Malfa along with Sbarbati (MRE) took part to the foundation of the [[New Pole for Italy]] (NPI) instead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2010/dicembre/16/Nasce_Polo_della_nazione_co_9_101216008.shtml|title=Nasce il Polo della nazione|publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it|date=16 December 2010|access-date=23 April 2013}}</ref> In May 2011 La Malfa was finally expelled from the party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/31%20Maggio%202011/ProbiviriSentenza.htm|title=Sentenza dei Probiviri del Pri|publisher=pri.it|date=9 May 2011|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728195018/http://www.pri.it/new/31%20Maggio%202011/ProbiviriSentenza.htm|archive-date=28 July 2012}}</ref> In June 2011, Del Pennino, who had been a PdL candidate in 2008, returned to the Senate after the death of a PdL senator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senato.it/leg/16/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00000829.htm|title=Scheda di attività di Antonio Adolfo Maria Del Pennino - XVI Legislatura|publisher=Senato.it|access-date=23 April 2013}}</ref> In January 2012, Ossorio replaced a Democrat in the Chamber and joined the PRI sub-group.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.camera.it/29?shadow_deputato=302142|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721104430/http://www.camera.it/29?shadow_deputato=302142|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 July 2012|title=XVI Legislatura - Deputati e Organi Parlamentari - Scheda deputato - OSSORIO Giuseppe|publisher=Camera.it|access-date=23 April 2013}}</ref> In the [[2013 Italian general election]], the PRI contested the election locally as a stand-alone list and obtained negligible results.

In December 2013, Nucara resigned from secretary after more than twelve years at the top.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.it/new/Dn14Dicembre/NucaraRelazioneDimissioni.htm|title=Questione morale sull'Edera/Nucara: mi batterò da qualunque posizione contro chi ha depredato il partito|access-date=30 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202111504/http://www.pri.it/new/Dn14Dicembre/NucaraRelazioneDimissioni.htm|archive-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> He was replaced by two successive coordinators, [[Saverio Collura]] (from March 2014, when Nucara was contextually elected president, to December 2015) and [[Corrado De Rinaldis Saponaro]] (from January 2016).<ref>[http://www.partitorepubblicanoitaliano.it/new/2%20Febbraio%202016/CN.HTM "Corrado Saponaro Coordinatore Nazionale"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826202758/http://www.partitorepubblicanoitaliano.it/new/2%20Febbraio%202016/CN.HTM |date=26 August 2016 }}.</ref>

In the [[2014 European Parliament election in Italy]], the PRI supported the [[European Choice]] electoral list, which won 0.7% of the vote and failed to elect any MEPs. In April 2016, the party joined forces with [[Act! (Italy)|Act!]], a splinter group from [[Lega Nord]] led by [[Flavio Tosi]], whose sub-group in the [[Mixed Group]] of the Chamber of Deputies was named Act!–PRI.<ref>[http://corrieredelveneto.corriere.it/veneziamestre/notizie/politica/2016/3-maggio-2016/flavio-tosi-nuovo-malfa-fare-ingloba-moribondo-pri-240380161627.shtml "«Flavio Tosi è il nuovo La Malfa» E Fare! ingloba il (moribondo) Pri"].</ref> After [[Enrico Costa (politician)|Enrico Costa]]'s entry in August 2017, the sub-group was renamed Act!–PRI–Liberals.<ref>[http://www.agora24.it/2017/08/camera-roberto-caon-aderisce-gruppo-fi-forzisti-unica-proposta-credibile "Camera, Roberto Caon aderisce a gruppo Fi: "I forzisti unica proposta credibile"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321200655/https://www.agora24.it/2017/08/camera-roberto-caon-aderisce-gruppo-fi-forzisti-unica-proposta-credibile/ |date=21 March 2018 }}.</ref>

In the run-up of the [[2018 Italian general election]], De Rinaldis Saponaro was elected secretary<ref>[http://www.ravennanotizie.it/articoli/2017/12/17/eletta-la-nuova-direzione-nazionale-del-pri-per-ravenna-paolo-gambi-e-luisa-babini.html "Eletta la nuova Direzione Nazionale del PRI: per Ravenna Paolo Gambi e Luisa Babini"].</ref><ref>[http://www.brindisireport.it/politica/Corrado-De-Rinaldis-Saponaro-diventa-segretario-nazionale-del-Pri.html "De Rinaldis Saponaro nominato segretario nazionale del Pri"].</ref> and an alliance with the [[Liberal Popular Alliance]] (ALA) was formed.<ref>[http://www.partitorepubblicanoitaliano.it/new/8%20Gennaio%202018/DOCUMENTO%20DN%206%20GENNAIO%202018.pdf Documeto DN 6 gennaio 2018"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115124756/http://www.partitorepubblicanoitaliano.it/new/8%20Gennaio%202018/DOCUMENTO%20DN%206%20GENNAIO%202018.pdf |date=15 January 2018 }} (PDF).</ref><ref>[http://www.lastampa.it/2018/01/12/italia/politica/laccordo-tra-verdini-e-il-partito-repubblicano-c-ora-il-problema-trovare-un-alleato-Wnj5AjcoRSSjNuaaIT6JdM/pagina.html "L'accordo tra Verdini e il Partito repubblicano c'è, ora il problema è trovare un alleato"].</ref> The PRI–ALA list, which was composed of only Republican candidates, presented its slates in one third of the constituencies and obtained 0.1% of the vote.

In 2019, Giorgio La Malfa was welcomed back into the party's fold.<ref>http://www.partitorepubblicanoitaliano.it/new/12%20Marzo%202019/MOZIONE%20LA%20MALFA%20%2049ESIMO%20CONGRESSO%20BARI%2010%20MARZO%202019.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cesenatoday.it/politica/pri-sei-cesenati-eletti-in-consiglio-nazionale-rientra-nel-partito-giorgio-la-malfa.html|title=Pri, sei cesenati eletti in Consiglio Nazionale. Rientra nel partito Giorgio la Malfa|website=CesenaToday}}</ref> The PRI was part of [[More Europe]] (+E) at the [[2019 European Parliament election]]. In 2020, the PRI formed a pact with [[Action (Italian political party)|Action]] (A), a political party led by [[Carlo Calenda]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.affaritaliani.it/blog/italia-atlantica/accordo-pri-azione-verso-la-terza-forza-liberaldemocratica-707455.html|title = Accordo Pri Azione: Verso la Terza Forza Liberaldemocratica}}</ref> In the [[2020 Marche regional election]], the PRI allied with the centre-right; this caused the European Republicans Movement to again split away from the Party to pursue an alliance with the centre-left.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-08 |title=JESI Luciana Sbarbati lancia i Repubblicani Europei con Mangialardi |url=https://www.qdmnotizie.it/jesi-luciana-sbarbati-lancia-i-repubblicani-europei-con-mangialardi/ |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=QdM Notizie |language=it-IT}}</ref>

In 2021 [[Carlo Cottarelli]], a former director of the [[International Monetary Fund]], was chosen by the PRI, A, +E, the [[Liberal Democratic Alliance for Italy]] (ALI), and [[The Liberals (Italy)|The Liberals]] to head of a scientific committee designed to elaborate of a joint political program.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lastampa.it/politica/2021/03/10/news/calenda-bonino-e-cottarelli-la-politica-non-finisce-con-draghi-1.40008820|title = Calenda, Bonino e Cottarelli: "La politica non finisce con Draghi"|date = 10 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkiesta.it/2021/03/comitato-scientifico-carlo-cottarelli-liberaldemocratici-programma-italia-bonino-calenda|title = Programma per l'Italia &#124; Cosa farà il comitato di Cottarelli che mette insieme (Quasi) tutti i partiti liberaldemocratici|date = 11 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://piueuropa.eu/2021/03/09/le-forze-libdem-insieme-per-il-programma-per-litalia-il-comitato-presieduto-da-cottarelli|title = Le forze Libdem insieme per il "Programma per l'Italia": Il comitato presieduto da Cottarelli|date = 9 March 2021|access-date = 20 March 2021|archive-date = 28 January 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220128185237/https://piueuropa.eu/2021/03/09/le-forze-libdem-insieme-per-il-programma-per-litalia-il-comitato-presieduto-da-cottarelli/|url-status = dead}}</ref> On the occasion of the [[2022 Italian general election]], the PRI, after having joined [[Civic Commitment]] (an electoral list led by [[Luigi Di Maio]] within the [[Centre-left coalition (Italy)|centre-left coalition]])<ref>{{cite web | url=https://vocerepubblicana.it/il-documento-della-direzione-nazionale-del-28-luglio | title=Il documento della Direzione nazionale del 28 luglio | date=29 July 2022 }}</ref> for a few days, joined forces with the [[Action – Italia Viva]], which ran outside the two main electoral coalitions.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://vocerepubblicana.it/il-documento-della-direzione-nazionale-del-pri-dell8-agosto | title=Il documento della Direzione Nazionale del Pri dell'8 agosto | date=8 August 2022 }}</ref> The splitaway MRE opted to join the [[Democratic Party – Democratic and Progressive Italy|Democratic and Progressive Italy]] coalition instead.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maestri |first=Pubblicato da Gabriele |title=Pd - Italia democratica e progressista: piccolo ritocco, lista più ampia |url=http://www.isimbolidelladiscordia.it/2022/08/pd-italia-democratica-e-progressista.html |access-date=2024-01-09 |language=it}}</ref>

In 2024 the PRI formed a federative pact with Action.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ravennatoday.it/politica/elezioni-siglato-patto-azione-pri-condividiamo-valori-identita-politica.html|title=Elezioni, siglato il patto tra Azione e Pri: "Condividiamo valori e identità politica"|publisher=Ravenna Today|date=11 March 2024}}</ref>