Editing Ivar Rooth (section)

==Career==
Rooth was born on 2 November 1888, in Stockholm, Sweden. He was the son of Otto Rooth and Ellen Hertzman.<ref name="Lindblad (1924), p. 631">{{cite book |editor1-last=Lindblad |editor1-first=Göran |year=1924 |title=Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1925 |trans-title=Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1925 |location=Stockholm |publisher=P. A. Norstedt & Söners |language=Swedish |id={{LIBRIS|6gnl7s754g5f6x82}} |url=https://runeberg.org/vemardet/1925/0637.html |page=631}}</ref> He graduated from [[Uppsala University]] with a [[Candidate of Law]] degree in 1911.<ref name="Lindblad (1924), p. 631"/>

In Rooth's early career, he was Solicitor for the Handelsbank (Commercial Bank) of Stockholm (1914), head of Bank's Commercial Credit Department (1915), Assistant Manager and Solicitor of Stockholm Mortgage Bank, Governor of the Central Bank of Sweden ([[Sveriges Riksbank]], 1929–1948), and Director of the [[Bank of International Settlements]] (1931–1933 and 1937–1949). In 1951, he headed a mission to Iraq for the [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]]. On 10 April 1951, he was appointed managing director and chairman of the executive board of the IMF and assumed his duties on 3 August 1951.

Rooth, in his first address to member countries as managing director of the IMF on 11 September 1951, stated that the Fund "sought removal or modification of exchange restrictions and other discriminatory practices" aimed at a freer flow of [[international trade]] and payments. Subsequently, general policy on use of IMF's resources was set forth. This initiated the IMF's policy of drawings in tranches. In 1952, in accordance with the Articles of Agreement, 5 years after the IMF began financial operations, annual consultations with members maintaining exchange restrictions under Article XIV were initiated. The IMF introduced a general framework for Stand-by Arrangements, and the criteria to be applied were standardized. Rooth's term as managing director of the IMF ended on 27 April 1956, but he accepted a request by the executive board to serve a further period ending on 3 October 1956.

Rooth was head of the Investment Committee of the United Nations Pension Fund from 1947 to 1961, and he was also head of the Currency Board in [[Kuwait]] from 1960 to 1962. After 1962 he stepped down and lived at [[Lidingö]], Sweden, and occasionally wrote and gave lectures on economic affairs.