Editing Ivory (soap) (section)

==History==
In 1840, the J.B. Williams Company in [[Glastonbury, Connecticut]], manufactured soap under the name Ivorine. Williams decided to focus on its shaving soap and sold Ivorine to Procter & Gamble, which later developed Ivory.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rhinelander|first1=David|title=J.B. Williams put soap, Glastonbury on The Map|url=https://www.courant.com/1998/10/09/jb-williams-put-soap-glastonbury-on-the-map/|website=courant.com|publisher=Hartford Courant|date=October 9, 1998}}</ref>

In 1879, James Norris Gamble, son of Procter & Gamble co-founder [[James Gamble (industrialist)|James Gamble]] and a trained chemist, developed an inexpensive white soap.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Company History – Procter & Gamble Company|url=https://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf|website=Procter & Gamble|access-date=21 May 2020|archive-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107111332/https://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>  The name Ivory was created by Harley Procter, the other founder's son, who was inspired by the quote "[a]ll thy garments smell of myrrh and aloes and cassia out of the ivory palaces", from [[Psalm 45]] of the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cross |first1=Mary |title=A Century of American Icons: 100 Products and Slogans from the 20th-Century Consumer Culture |date=2002 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0313314810 |access-date=4 September 2020 |url=https://archive.org/details/centuryofamerica00cros/page/10/ |pages=10–13}}</ref> In September 1879, Procter & Gamble trademarked "Ivory" as the name of its new soap product.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/2002705737/|title=Trademark – Proctor [i.e. Procter] & Gamble Soap – Ivory Soap – No. 7,701|work=Library of Congress|date=23 September 1879|access-date=21 May 2020}}</ref>

As Ivory is one of P&G's oldest products &ndash; it was first sold in 1879 &ndash; P&G is sometimes called "Ivory Towers", and its factory and research center in [[St. Bernard, Ohio]], is named "Ivorydale".<ref name=Kenny1895/>
[[File:Ivoryso2.jpg|thumb|180px|left|[[World War I|WWI era]] Magazine ad illustrating the advantage of floating soap]]
Ivory's first slogan, "It Floats!", was introduced in 1891. The product's other well-known slogan, "{{Frac|99|44|100}}% Pure", which was in use by 1895, was based on the results of an analysis by an independent laboratory that Harley Procter hired to demonstrate that Ivory was purer than the [[castile soap]] available at the time.<ref name="Cox" />
[[File:1800s Blue Ivory.jpg|thumb|Ivory Soap, 1800s]]
The original Ivory bar soap was whipped with air in its production and [[buoyancy|floated]] in water, although P&G discontinued this version of the soap in 2023, and the new version no longer floats. According to an apocryphal story, later discounted by the company, a worker accidentally left the mixing machine on too long, and the company chose to sell the "ruined" batch because the added air did not change the basic ingredients of the soap. When appreciative letters about the new, floating soap inundated the company, P&G ordered the extended mix time as a standard procedure. However, company records indicate that the design of Ivory did not come about by accident. In 2004, over 100&nbsp;years later, the P&G company archivist Ed Rider found documentation that revealed that James N. Gamble, who was a chemist, had discovered how to make the soap float and noted the result in his writings.<ref name=snopes/>

In October 1992, Procter & Gamble market-tested a new Ivory formula, a "skin care bar" that would address customer complaints about dryness but would not float like the original.<ref name="AP1992" /> In October 2001, P&G tested the sinking bar soap as part of an [[advertising campaign]] in the United States, in a six-month plan to release 1,051 soap bars that sink, among other bars that float, to see if people would notice the sinking bars, even if given a cash reward of up to $250,000.<ref name="Sink" /> The D. L. Blair company, part of [[Draft Worldwide]], a unit of the [[Interpublic Group of Companies]], was assigned to administer the contest.<ref name="Sink" />

[[File:Ivory old 1954.jpg|thumb|Ivory Soap {{circa|1954}}]]